Corrugated structure insertion for extending the SASE bandwidth up to 3% at the European XFEL

The usage of x-ray free electron laser (XFEL) in femtosecond nanocrystallography involves sequential illumination of many small crystals of arbitrary orientation. Hence a wide radiation bandwidth will be useful in order to obtain and to index a larger number of Bragg peaks used for determination of the crystal orientation. Considering the baseline configuration of the European XFEL in Hamburg, and based on beam dynamics simulations, we demonstrate here that the usage of corrugated structures allows for a considerable increase in radiation bandwidth. Data collection with a 3% bandwidth, a few microjoule radiation pulse energy, a few femtosecond pulse duration, and a photon energy of 5.4 keV is possible. For this study we have developed an analytical modal representation of the short-range wake function of the flat corrugated structures for arbitrary offsets of the source and the witness particles.Comment: 29 pages, 17 figure

Numerical Calculation of Coherent Synchrotron Radiation Effects Using TraFiC4

Coherent synchrotron radiation (CSR) occurs when short bunches travel on strongly bent trajectories. Its effects on high-quality beams can be severe and are well understood qualitatively. For quantitative results, however, one has to rely on numerical methods. There exist several simulation codes utilizing different approaches. We describe in some detail the code TraFiC4 developed at DESY for design and analysis purposes, which approaches the problem from first principles and solves the equations of motion either perturbatively or self-consistently. We present some calculational results and comparison with experimental data. Also, we give examples of how the code can be used to design beamlines with minimal emittance growth due to CSR

Integrated modeling of the TESLA X-ray FEL

The TESLA linear collider incorporates an X-ray SASE FEL which demands challenging electron beam parameters (typically transverse emittance of 1.6 mm-mrd and peak current of 5 kA). For a realistic electron beam distribution at the entrance of the undulator, tracking has to be done from the cathode through the whole accelerator. Non-Gaussian beam profiles have to be taken into account as well as nonlinear effects such as space-charge, coherent synchrotron radiation field and wake fields. We have done this with several codes: Astra, for the low energy part (<100 MeV), TraFiC4 for the bunch compressor chicanes where CSR influences the particle trajectories and the code Elegant for the 6D tracking with wake fields in the linacs and transport lines. The so-generated electron phase space density at the undulator entrance can then passed to SASEFEL simulation codes. Results of this integrated modeling is discussed

Longitudinal phase space disruption in magnetic bunch compressors

It is now well-established [2, 3] that high-charge ultra-short bunches can radiate coherently on curved trajectories (coherent synchrotron radiation). The two main consequences of such an effect are (1) an energy redistribution within the bunch, (2) a potential transverse emittance dilution in the bending plane. This effect is especially important in the foreseen next generation of free-electron laser driver linacs and linear colliders. In this paper after briefly discussing the general aspects of coherent synchrotron radiation (CSR), we report on recent experimental results obtained at the Tesla Test Facility I and compare them with numerical simulations. Schemes for reducing the impact of CSR on the beam dynamics are also discussed in the frame of the TESLA X-ray FEL project

Observation of Target Electron Momentum Effects in Single-Arm M\o ller Polarimetry

In 1992, L.G. Levchuk noted that the asymmetries measured in M\o ller scattering polarimeters could be significantly affected by the intrinsic momenta of the target electrons. This effect is largest in devices with very small acceptance or very high resolution in laboratory scattering angle. We use a high resolution polarimeter in the linac of the polarized SLAC Linear Collider to study this effect. We observe that the inclusion of the effect alters the measured beam polarization by -14% of itself and produces a result that is consistent with measurements from a Compton polarimeter. Additionally, the inclusion of the effect is necessary to correctly simulate the observed shape of the two-body elastic scattering peak.Comment: 29 pages, uuencoded gzip-compressed postscript (351 kb). Uncompressed postscript file (898 kb) available to DECNET users as SLC::USER_DISK_SLC1:[MORRIS]levpre.p

Palauan Handicraft Guidebook and 30 Storyboard Stories - Kldachelbai ra Berau

"Palauans are extremely fond of "style" that certain something that sets them apart from the mass. Teachers from other countries have conducted workshops in this country. This has improved, the quality of the handicrafts but basic "style" of the traditional crafts has remained definitely Palauan."Palauans are extremely fond of "style" that certain something that sets them apart from the mass. Teachers from other countries have conducted workshops in this country. This has improved, the quality of the handicrafts but basic "style" of the traditional crafts has remained definitely Palauan

Propuesta de plan estratégico mercadológico para la creación de una aplicación móvil dirigida hacia la pymes de ventas al detalle (mini súper) con enfoque de innovación, durante el segundo semestre de 2016

El presente plan estratégico mercadológico está dedicado a la creación de una aplicación móvil dirigida a las pymes de venta al Detalle siendo una iniciativa emprendedora e innovadora porque es el primer producto/servicio que será ofrecido en los municipios más importante de la cuarta región (Diriamba, Jinotepe y san Marcos), llevándola a cabo a través del establecimiento de la micro empresa con el nombre de “Rapi Compras”, la que estará ubicada en el municipio de Jinotepe, departamento de Carazo en el kilómetro 47 carretera panamericana sur. Es considera una microempresa por el pequeño número de sus colaboradores, pero siempre teniendo en cuenta que el cliente es lo primero para lograr satisfacer, esta propuesta del plan estratégico mercadológico integra aspectos de mercadeo, producción y organización, como se detalla posteriormente: Los aspectos de mercado revelan la buena adquisición de la aplicación móvil que tiene las personas habitantes del municipio de Jinotepe, Diriamba y San Marcos, se constató mediante la investigación de campo que el 91.4% de las personas estarían dispuestos a adquirir dicha aplicación, el cual se detalla en el grafico No 3 de la página 42 del presente trabajo. Se procedió a identificar el proceso técnico para conocer el tipo de equipos a utilizar, detallando mediante el flujo de proceso que garantice la optimización de los recursos, para el establecimiento de la nueva microempresa se acudirá a las instituciones vinculadas a autorizar la puesta en marcha, por el giro de la micro empresa como lo son INSS, DGI, ALCALDIA para operar con base legal. La inversión del negocio es de un monto de C$ 9,750.00 Córdobas el cual se cubrirá por el capital propio aportado por los socios. No obstante durante el desarrollo se conoció el punto de equilibrio para saber cuántas personas deberán descargar la aplicación móvil y lograr comenzar a tener utilidades

On the simulation of enzymatic digest patterns: the fragmentation of oligomeric and polymeric galacturonides by endo-polygalacturonase II

A simulation methodology for predicting the time-course of enzymatic digestions is described. The model is based solely on the enzyme's subsite architecture and concomitant binding energies. This allows subsite binding energies to be used to predict the evolution of the relative amounts of different products during the digestion of arbitrary mixtures of oligomeric or polymeric substrates. The methodology has been specifically demonstrated by studying the fragmentation of a population of oligogalacturonides of varying degrees of polymerization, when digested by endo-polygalacturonase II (endo-PG II) from Aspergillus niger.Comment: Preprint - has been accepted to Biochimica et Biophysica Act

Low dosage hydrate inhibitors

Evidence suggests that oil and gas industry has always been one of the fundamental business sectors in Russian and World's economy. These days a huge oil and gas complex has been built throughout the globe. To achieve that there have been developed a large number of technologies for such processes as drilling, engineering, exploitation of oil and gas production facilities, water, oil and gas fluids processing and transportation. One of the aims of this article is to explain by giving an example of gas hydrate formation, which is the major object of attention of this paper, that even in such advanced infrastructure any petty problem can cause calamitous consequences