Intellectual Property Management in Small and Medium-Sized Enterprises: A Systematic Literature Review

Small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) have been prominent in the world economy, contributing significantly to the generation of jobs. Despite the relevance in the economy, SMEs underutilize the mechanisms of protection and appropriation of intellectual property. In order to gather and synthesize strategies, managerial models and good practices related to the intellectual property management in small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs), this article aims to analyze systematically the literature, as well as to identify important aspects and gaps in existing empirical knowledge. For this, 53 articles from periodicals indexed in the scientific bases Web of Science, Scopus and Science Direct were analyzed. It was verified that there is a pattern of management actions in the scope of SMEs with regard to the protection, appropriation and intellectual property management

Defining the territory size of a Geographical Indication: A systematic mapping study

The objective of this study is to map articles that present models for determining the territory size of Geographical Indications (GIs), a relevant factor for the management of GIs that is poorly explored in studies on the subject. The study was undertaken as a systematic mapping study (SMS), whose main objective is to identify accessible facts about a given research topic, which is also the most suitable approach when aiming to analyze the state of the art of a subject with little evidence available in the literature. Using the Scopus and Web of Science databases, in which 671 results were found, and the StArt tool to select the articles, 652 articles were excluded (30 duplicates and 622 that did not meet the inclusion criteria established in the systematic mapping protocol). Then, after a complete reading of the texts of the 19 remaining articles, 14 were excluded. Thus, this study included only five articles in which GI size models were developed, the oldest of which was published in 2007 and the most recent in 2021. We therefore conclude that few studies are available in the literature on this theme

The Proposal of the Brazilian patent office for the backlog solution: An unconstitutional proposition

It is notorious that there is an efficiency crisis in the Brazilian patent system, unable to meet society\u27s demand for a faster patent examination. The INPI takes about 11 years to concede a patent. There are 231.184 pending patent applications, and in June of 2017 it promoted a public consultation proposing an infra-legal norm that allows the granting of patents without substantive examination in the country, the so-called simplified procedure of granting of patent applications. Currently, the Brazilian government recognizes that it does not have the structure to make the substantive examination of all pending patent applications. This article aims to analyze not only the legality but the very constitutionality of the proposal under examination. After analyzing the Constitution of the Federative Republic of Brazil and also the national legislation, it was concluded that it is not possible to grant patents without substantive examination in Brazil. In search of solution for INPI backlog, it should be based on the social interest and the technological development of the country, and this is not the case of the proposal commented in this paper

Models to aid studies on territory delimitation for Brazilian geographical indications

A geographical indication (GI) seal granted to a product certifies its territorial origin as well as the link between its quality and human and natural characteristics of its production environment (terroir). An existing challenge in the process of setting up a GI for a product is delimiting the geographic area that properly represents the terroir and generates the expected territorial development after the grant of this protection seal. This article presents tools that can contribute to studies on the delimitation of the territory of GIs in Brazil. Through a bibliographic search, we compared models for delineating GI areas compared with the standards used for this purpose in Brazilian GIs. Our findings show that the process of delimiting GI areas ​​in Brazil is different for each type of indication, and distinct characteristics are also present in each type of GI intended, whether it be an Indication of Source or a Denomination of Origin. Only two of the analyzed models exhibited structures close to these characteristics, so they are recommended to aid studies on the delimitation of the area of Brazilian GIs. However, they cannot be used as a standard to this end

Mapeamento dos Bens de Propriedade Intelectual em Empresas de Base Tecnológica Vinculadas a Incubadoras / Mapping of Intellectual Property Assets in Business Technological Base Bound Incubators

A competitividade é uma questão crucial para as empresas no atual cenário econômico. Para se tornar competitiva uma empresa precisar criar valor no mercado, por meio da diferenciação de seus produtos e serviços, sendo a inovação a principal fonte dessa diferenciação. Entretanto, o processo de inovação vai além da criação de novos produtos e serviços; envolve o desenvolvimento de novos modelos de negócios, técnicas diferenciadas de relacionamento com parceiros e novos métodos gerenciais. Dentre os mecanismos que facilitam o processo de inovação no âmbito empresarial, destacam-se as incubadoras de empresas. Além disso, no cenário descrito acima, proteger as inovações é fundamental para a manutenção da competitividade. Dessa forma, o objetivo desse artigo foi realizar um mapeamento dos bens de propriedade intelectual em empresas de base tecnológica, especificamente as vencedoras do Prêmio Nacional de Empreendedorismo Inovador (PNEI). O tipo de pesquisa realizada classifica-se, quanto à natureza, como aplicada e, quanto ao objetivo, como descritiva, bem como qualitativa e quantitativa, no que diz respeito à abordagem. O método de pesquisa utilizado foi o estudo multicaso. Neste artigo foi utilizada como fonte de coleta de dados a pesquisa documental, com ênfase na análise de informações tecnológicas junto ao INPI. Os resultados da pesquisa apontam que – apesar do perfil inovador das empresas pesquisadas e o fato de terem iniciado suas atividades em um ambiente propício à inovação – é moderada a utilização dos mecanismos de proteção dos ativos intangíveis por parte dessas empresas, concentrando-se em pedidos de registro de marcas. Palavras-chave: Propriedade Intelectual. Incubadoras de empresas. Inovação. ABSTRACT Competitiveness is a key issue for businesses in the current economic scenario. To become competitive a company must create value in the market, through the differentiation of their products and services, and innovation the main source of this differentiation. However, the process of innovation goes beyond the creation of new products and services, involves the development of new business models, different technical relationship with partners and new management methods. Among the mechanisms that facilitate the innovation process in the business context, there are the incubators. Moreover, in the scenario described above, protect innovations is crucial to maintaining competitiveness. Thus, the objective of this study was to map the intellectual property assets in technology companies, specifically the winners of the National Award for Innovative Entrepreneurship. The type of survey is classified as to the nature, as applied and, as the goal, as descriptive and qualitative and quantitative, regarding the approach. The research method used was a multi case study. This article was used as data collection source document research, with emphasis on analysis of technological information with the INPI. The research results show that - despite the innovative profile of the companies surveyed and the fact that they started their activities in an innovation environment - is moderate use of protective mechanisms of intangible assets from these companies, focusing on applications registration marks. Keywords: Intellectual property. Business incubators. innovation

Índice para avaliar a eficiência da gestão da propriedade intelectual em pequenas e médias empresas

In small and medium-size enterprises (SMEs), protecting innovations is essential for competitiveness. However, a small percentage of SMEs make effective use of intellectual property management strategies, due, among other factors, to the lack of specific management tools. In this context, the objective of this article is to develop an index to evaluate efficiency and support SMEs in the management of intellectual property based on an evaluation model composed of indicators. For this, the Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) method was used to assign weights to the elements that compose the model. Then, based on the assigned weights, mathematical modeling of the index was developed, as well as parameters for the classification of the level of efficiency of SMEs. The results indicate that the proposed index (entitled Index E) was made up of multi-attributes, distributed in 3 levels (3 dimensions, 9 key assessment factors and 42 indicators), covering several aspects that involve the dynamics of SMEs with regard to the management of intellectual property.Nas pequenas e médias empresas (PMEs) proteger as inovações é fundamental para a competitividade. Entretanto, um pequeno percentual de PMEs faz uso efetivo de estratégias de gestão da propriedade intelectual, devido, entre outros fatores, à falta de ferramentas gerenciais específicas. Neste contexto, o objetivo deste artigo é desenvolver um índice para avaliar a eficiência e dar suporte às PMEs na gestão da propriedade intelectual, com base em um modelo de avaliação composto por indicadores. Para tanto, utilizou-se o método Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP), para atribuir pesos aos elementos que compõem o referido modelo. Em seguida, com base nos pesos atribuídos, desenvolveu-se a modelagem matemática do índice, bem como parâmetros para a classificação do nível de eficiência das PMEs. Os resultados apontam que o índice proposto (intitulado Índice E) foi constituído por multiatributos, distribuídos em 3 níveis (3 dimensões, 9 fatores-chave de avaliação e 42 indicadores), contemplando diversos aspectos que envolvem a dinâmica das PMEs, no tocante à gestão da propriedade intelectual

Prospecção de Patentes sobre o Cobre Refinado a Fogo

Copper has several applications, especially in electrical segments and civil construction, due to its excellent properties, such as high thermal and electrical conductivity. Technological prospecting is a method of mapping scientific and technological progress that facilitates the orientation of companies and researchers. This article discusses a fire-refined copper patent search. The methodology used was a systematic review based on the EPO platform, INPI and Google Patents, and on the Web of Science and Science Direct® is Elsevier® article databases. The results were 35 patents and 27 related articles, in which it was observed that in recent years the field remains in the embryonic stage, with no significant evolution of technology, with trends in China, the United States, Australia, Poland, France and Germany. In the last decade, there has been a greater diffusion of the subject in China, in addition to observing the need for greater investments in the area, in order to encourage the connection between companies and universities to stimulate the development and production of innovations in refining techniques.O cobre possui diversas aplicações, sobretudo nos seguimentos elétricos e na construção civil, devido às excelentes propriedades, como a alta condutividade térmica e elétrica. A prospecção tecnológica é um método de mapear o progresso científico e a tecnologia que facilita a orientação de empresas e pesquisadores. Este artigo discute uma busca por patentes de cobre refinado a fogo. A metodologia utilizada foi a revisão sistemática, tomando como base de dados a plataforma do EPO, INPI e o Google Patents e busca nas bases de artigos Web of Science e Science Direct® is Elsevier®. Os resultados foram 35 patentes e 27 artigos relacionados, dos quais se observou que nos últimos anos o campo permanece no estágio embrionário, não havendo uma evolução significativa da tecnologia, com tendências na China, nos Estados Unidos, na Austrália, na Polônia, na França e na Alemanha. Na última década, notou-se maior difusão do tema na China, além de observar a necessidade de maiores investimentos na área, a fim incentivar a conexão entre empresas e universidades para estimular o desenvolvimento e a produção de inovações de técnicas de refino

Social cost of pending the patent examination in Brazil: An analysis of the deleteric effects of the sole paragraph of Art. 40 of law No. 9.279/96 in the post-patent segment

In Brazil, the general rule is that the invention patent has a duration of 20 years and that of a utility model, 15 years, counted from the filing date of the patent application. However, if the examination of a patent of invention or utility model is not completed within 10 or 8 years, respectively, the sole paragraph of art. 40 of Law nº 9,279/96 - Industrial Property Law (LPI) determines a differentiated methodology for the calculation of the validity of the right. The standard in question provides that, in this case, the patent will be valid for at least ten years in the case of IP and seven years in the case of MU, counting from the date of the granting of patent (and not the file). The present paper deals with the problematic involved in the extension of the term of validity of patent in the hypothesis of administrative slowness of Brazilian Office (INPI) in the appraisal of the application. As the vast majority of patents are granted using the benefit provided in the sole paragraph of art. 40 of the LPI, it will be analyzed the social cost of the automatic extension of the term of validity of the patent in the post-patent segment (pharmaceuticals and agricultural pesticides). It was found that the accumulated loss of the public coffers only taking into account nine medicines purchased by public health system (SUS) in regular centralized purchases up to January 2016 was over R$2 billion. As for agricultural pesticides, there was an annual cost of approximately R$ 318 million for the group of eight patents that were extended with the application of the legal safeguard