The Material and Immaterial Urban Remains of a Railway Heritage – the case of Araraquara/SP (Brazil)

The Araraquara Railway Station was built in 1885 as a symbol of prosperity. With the passing time it turned to be something indifferent to the city population, being deactivated in 2015. The railway remains are the result of many spatial and cultural changes; they can be discussed as a material or an immaterial heritage, which reinforces the importance of the railway history. This infrastructure is a part of Araraquara history, its remains should be appreciated, reintegrated and reused as the core to save a memory disregarded over the years.Centro Interdisciplinar de História, Culturas e Sociedades - CIDEHUS - UID/HIS/00057/2013 (POCI-01-0145-FEDER-007702

My Theory of Writing

The research is based on analysis of the writing produced throughout the GSW 1110 class. Students were asked to evaluate the writing through reflection of ideas supported and making connections to key rhetorical terms to create our own theory of writing. To start with, in the article “Shitty First Drafts,” Anne Lamott supports the idea of the importance on shaping the writing and self-assurance according to the audience’s demands. Secondly, writing process and revision strategies are approached, reinforced by Nancy Sommers in her article “Revision Strategies of Student Writers and Experienced Adult Writers.” The final aspect addressed is critical thinking, reading and writing in composing papers and analyzing sources, where this idea is highlighted by Laurie Kirszner and Stephen Mandell in their article “Thinking Critically.” It concludes with the emphasis of the importance of the lessons taught in this course, preparing the student for the GSW 1120 class

The mobility role in the São Paulo hinterland consolidation. The case of Estrada de Ferro Araraquarense (19th-20th centuries)

Este artigo apresenta a importância do caminho-de-ferro na consolidação urbana do Estado de São Paulo (Brasil). A primeira estação ferroviária da Estrada de Ferro Araraquarense foi inaugurada em 1885, sendo o início de um troço ferroviário que fez parte do desenvolvimento do oeste do estado de São Paulo conhecido como Sertão Paulista. O crescimento deste caminho-de -ferro ilustra o papel da mobilidade favorecida por este meio de transporte na organização de toda uma região, logo, a Estrada de Ferro Araraquarense fez parte de uma série de estratégias tendentes a favorecer a expansão territorial do oeste Paulista. Durante a primeira metade do século XX, tanto a nível regional como nacional, o sistema ferroviário foi secundarizado perante o avanço do sistema rod oviário. Apesar do caminho-de-ferro ter sido limitado quase exclusivamente ao transporte de mercadorias, ele manteve uma grande influência na consolidação da região da Araraquarense. O objetivo principal deste artigo é analisar os aspetos acima enunciados numa perspetiva interdisciplinar, que considera as áreas do urbanismo, da economia, da tecnologia e da história.CIDEHUS - Centro Interdisciplinar de História, Culturas e Sociedade

An outline to the railway heritage preservation: Ur- ban Heritage, Inventory and Railways (France and Brazil)

O objetivo deste artigo é relacionar duas diferentes políticas de valorização patrimonial, a aplicada na França e a aplicada no Brasil, e o reflexo das mesmas na preservação do patrimônio ferroviário. Entre as diferentes formas de análise do desenvolvimento do patrimônio ferroviário, existe um percurso vinculado com o desenvolvimento do conceito do patrimônio urbano. A criação de inventários tornou a França o país pioneiro no reconhecimento do legado ferroviário, entretanto, em um momento na história, a sua iniciativa encontrou-se com o desenvolvimento internacional das premissas estipuladas para a valorização do patrimônio urbano e passou a segui- lo paralelamente, como o Brasil fez desde o início da sua política de valorização. A adaptabilidade conceitual do patrimônio urbano mostrou-se fundamental para a compreensão da concepção do patrimônio ferroviário e do destino dado ao mesmo

Centralidade urbana: configuração espacial e condições socioeconômicas na cidade de São Paulo, Brasil

Este artigo explora São Paulo, a maior cidade da América do Sul. O crescimento da cidade caracteriza-se por um deslocamento do centro urbano em direção ao sudoeste. Este teve consequências deletérias sobre o centro histórico, que sofreu uma deterioração do seu ambiente construído e um aumento da privação socioeconômica. Este artigo examina como a morfologia transformada de São Paulo no século XXI afetou a distribuição socioeconômica e a diversidade demográfica. Ele emprega uma abordagem da sintaxe espacial, que é um conjunto de técnicas e teoria que investiga as relações entre configuração espacial e os fenômenos socioeconômicos. Análises revelam que a morfologia de São Paulo apresenta um “colcha de retalhos”, que são morfologicamente diferenciados pela sua relação de escala com a estrutura urbana maior. As consequências socioeconômicas dessa fragmentação tem sido o aumento da diferenciação de classes sociais consistentes com a sua acessibilidade às concentrações de atividade que ocorrem em diferentes escalas urbanas.This paper explores São Paulo, the largest city in South America. The growth of the city has been characterized by a shift of the urban centre towards the southwest. This had deleterious consequences on the historic centre, which experienced a deterioration of its built environment and an increase in socio-economic deprivation. This paper examines how the transformed morphology of twenty-first century São Paulo affected its socio-economic distribution and demographic diversity. It employs theoretical and methodological space syntax approach, which is a set of techniques and theory that investigates relationships between spatial layout and socio-economic phenomena. The analysis found that the morphology of São Paulo presents a ‘patchwork’ of offset grids, which are morphologically differentiated by their scaled relationship to the larger urban structure. Socioeconomic consequences of this fragmentation have been to increase the differentiation of social classes consistent with their accessibility to concentrations of activity taking place at different scales.Peer Reviewe

Keynes' view of the economic system as a complex organic whole

O presente artigo argumenta que elementos da abordagem da complexidade, recentemente aplicada à economia, já estavam presentes na obra de Keynes e destaca a fecundidade de uma interação entre elas. A abordagem da complexidade tem como uma idéia central a de que as ações individuais promovem conseqüências não intencionais como resultado de um processo de auto-organização, permitindo o funcionamento do sistema. Keynes explorou tal idéia, por exemplo, na elaboração do paradoxo da poupança, na análise da formação das expectativas e na incorporação do efeito multiplicador. Destaca-se que a complexidade do sistema econômico, segundo a perspectiva de Keynes, começa com a complexidade do ser humano. Por fim, sustenta-se que a visão de Keynes do sistema econômico como um organismo complexo teve a influência do filósofo G. E. Moore.This paper claims that some elements of the complexity approach, which has been recently applied to economics, were already contained in Keynes' economics, and argues for the fecundity of an interaction between them. One of the central ideas of the complexity approach is that individual actions have unintended overall consequences as a result of a self-organization process, which allows the functioning of the system. Keynes played around with the idea of unintended consequences of individual actions, for instance, in the formulation of the paradox of parsimony, in the analysis of the expectations formation, and in the inclusion of the multiplier effect. It is argued that the complexity of the economy, from Keynes' perspective, is firstly related to the complexity of the human being. Also, it is suggested that Keynes' view of the economy as a complex organism was influenced by the philosopher G. E. Moore

ESG Performance and Credit Risk in Latin America

Previous studies suggest that the environmental, social and governance performance of companies helps to build a stronger image and reputation, thus providing better financial performance. However, the adoption of environmental, social and governance (ESG) practices as a tool for financial risk management is still little explored, especially in undeveloped economies. This research seeks to fill this gap by investigating whether the adoption of ESG practices reduces credit risk in publicly traded companies in Latin America. The results, obtained through an ordered logistic regression, considering the rating of the companies as a dependent variable and the indices of the ESG dimensions, obtained by the Refinitiv base, as explanatory variables, provide evidence that ESG practices are not being considered for the assignment of credit risk ratings from Moody’s and Fitch agencies. Thus, ESG practices are not helping to reduce credit risk, especially when we consider Argentine and Peruvian companies. The results are robust, even when considering the capital structure, profitability, leverage, size, and asset turnover. Thus, the article contributes by showing that even with the advances of credit rating agencies in adopt ESG indicators, it is still not possible to observe an impact on credit risk reduction, as evidenced by the literature

Role of community pharmacy and pharmacists in self-care in Brazil

Global healthcare systems, including the National Health System in Brazil - one of the largest public models in the world -, continue to evolve, as well as populations' health needs, currently shaped by individuals feeling a greater desire to manage their own health. Self-care practices are part of several public policies and clinical guidelines in Brazil including the National Policy on Complementary and Integrative Practices, the National AIDS Control Program, the National Policy for Women's Health, and the Guidelines for Care of People with Chronic Diseases. There are over 100,700 community pharmacies, in the country (89.2% privately owned) employing 234,300 pharmacists, representing an important delivery point for self-care, as they are the first point of access to care for most patients. Self-medication is a common practice in Brazil (prevalence rates of self-medication ranging from 16.1% to 35.0%), especially with non-prescription/over-the-counter medicinal products (65.0%). In fact, these products represent over 25% of the volume marketed of medicines, summing revenues of USD 1.9 billion per year. Studies demonstrated a positive budget impact as important savings for the National Health System due to reductions in unnecessary medical appointments and loss of working days. In addition to minor ailments management, other self-care services provided by community pharmacies that are frequently sought by Brazilian citizens (20-25% of cases) are smoking cessation and weight management (costs per service ranging from around USD 5.00-12.00). However, pharmacy services are not yet as fully integrated in Brazil to the same extent as in other countries. Barriers such as standardization of processes (from services' design, implementation, and evaluation in practice), pharmacist remuneration for the provision of services and the amount to be charged for the service are still a matter of controversy. For more rapid and sustainable advances in these practices, communication among various stakeholders, professional practice and healthcare regulations, standardization of services, and financing of self-care (both publicly and privately) are urgently needed. This paper provides an overview of some self-care services provided by community pharmacies in Brazil and calls attention to the ongoing challenges to move the National Health system forward.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio