Predicting the Influence of Digital Leadership on Performance of Private Higher Education Institutions: Evidence from Malaysia

This paper aims to investigate the impact of digital leadership on the institutional performance of private higher education institutions (PHEIs) in the digital era. Supported by the Resource-Based View Theory and the digital leadership dimensions based on the International Society for Technology in Education-Administrators (ISTE-A) standards, the study examined the roles of visionary leadership, digital-age learning culture, professional excellence, systemic improvement, and digital citizenship influencing the performance of PHEIs in Malaysia. An online questionnaire survey was adopted, and a non-probability sampling method utilizing purposive sampling was applied.  A total of 121 usable responses were collected from leaders in Malaysia PHEIs and analyzed based on structural equation modelling via the SmartPLS 3.3. The results showed that digital-age learning culture, professional excellence, and digital citizenship positively affect the PHEIs performance. However, visionary leadership and systemic improvement do not have a significant positive relationship with performance. The findings provide information to future researchers and leaders in PHEIs on the vital roles of a digital-age learning culture, professional excellence and digital citizenship in today’s institutions. The novelty of this study contributed to the body of knowledge in digital leadership and performance in the context of PHEIs in an emerging market. Research paper Keywords: Digital Leadership; Learning Culture; Professional Excellence; Digital Citizenship; Higher Education Institutions; Performance Reference to this paper should be made as follows: Lim, C. H., & Teoh, A. P. (2022). Predicting the Influence of Digital Leadership on Performance of Private Higher Education Institutions: Evidence from Malaysia. Journal of Entrepreneurship, Business and Economics, 10(1), 1–38

Effect of electrolytes on the electrochemical performance of nickel cobaltite–titania nanotubes composites as supercapacitive materials

The effects of electrolytes on the electrochemical performance of nickel cobaltite–titania nanotubes composites as electrochemical capacitors were evaluated. Four types of electrolytes were selected to assess their effects on the prepared composites, namely aqueous electrolytes of 1.0 M KCl, 1.0 M HCl, 1.0 M KOH; and an organic electrolyte, 0.27 M tetra-n-butylammonium tetrafluoroborate (TBATFB) ionic liquid salt in acetonitrile. The composites performed better in 1.0 M HCl and 1.0 M KOH, than in 1.0 M KCl and 0.27 M TBATFB, which suggested that aqueous electrolytes with non-neutral pH would improve the specific areal capacitance values of the composites. Results have shown optimal performance in 1.0 KOH, which endowed the composite with excellent rate capability up to 200 mV s−1. Cyclic voltammogram of the composite analysed in 1.0 M KOH produced a leaf-shaped like profile, with higher current densities towards more positive potentials. Charge–discharge analyses in 1.0 M KOH has shown that the composite possessed specific areal capacitance of up to 214.76 µF cm−2 when it was evaluated at the current density of 350 µA cm−2. The composite also retained up to 97.79% of its specific areal capacitance when current density was increased to 400 µA cm−2. This material has demonstrated potential application for electrochemical capacitors through its facile fabrication technique

Forest Decline Under Progress in the Urban Forest of Seoul, Central Korea

Vegetation in the urban area showed not only a difference in species composition but also lower diversity compared with that of the natural area. Successional trend was normal in natural area, but that in urban areas showed a retrogressive pattern. Korean mountain ash (Sorbus alnifolia (Siebold & Zucc.) K.Koch), a shade intolerant species, dominated such a retrogressive succession. The vegetation decline is due to changes of mesoclimate and soil properties that imbalanced distribution of green space induced as the result of urbanization. In recent years, new environmental stress due to climate change is imposed additively to this forest decline. Drought is the very environmental stress. Drought-induced plant damage started from withering of leaves of plants introduced for landscaping in the urban area. Over time, branches died and death of the whole plant body followed. In particular, damage of Korean mountain ash, the product of retrogressive succession, was remarkable. As retrogressive succession has already progressed much, thus such phenomenon could be recognized as crisis of urban forest

Quantum-Enhanced Velocimetry with Doppler-Broadened Atomic Vapor

Traditionally, measuring the center-of-mass (c.m.) velocity of an atomic ensemble relies on measuring the Doppler shift of the absorption spectrum of single atoms in the ensemble. Mapping out the velocity distribution of the ensemble is indispensable when determining the c.m. velocity using this technique. As a result, highly sensitive measurements require preparation of an ensemble with a narrow Doppler width. Here, we use a dispersive measurement of light passing through a moving room temperature atomic vapor cell to determine the velocity of the cell in a single shot with a short-term sensitivity of 5.5 $\mu$m s$^{-1}$ Hz$^{-1/2}$. The dispersion of the medium is enhanced by creating quantum interference through an auxiliary transition for the probe light under electromagnetically induced transparency condition. In contrast to measurement of single atoms, this method is based on the collective motion of atoms and can sense the c.m. velocity of an ensemble without knowing its velocity distribution. Our results improve the previous measurements by 3 orders of magnitude and can be used to design a compact motional sensor based on thermal atoms

Capacitive enhancement of reduced titania nanotubes by reversed pulse electrodeposited Mn2O3 and Co3O4

Many attempts have been done to improve the capacitive performance of reduced titania nanotubes (R-TNTs) by incorporation of metal oxides via electrodeposition method. In this study, pulse reverse electrodeposition technique has been applied to deposit Mn2O3 and Co3O4 onto the R-TNTs as this technique has the ability to control the composition of targeted materials while at the same time helps in facilitating the uniformity of deposition and the size of the metal oxides onto the reduced nanotubes. Based on FESEM and TEM analyses, it is proven that both metal oxides were uniformly deposited without covering the nanotubes opening. Besides, Mn2O3 and Co3O4 with crystallite size of 13.6 nm and 12.4 nm were recorded in XRD analysis. Electrochemical analyses were performed to evaluate the capacitive performance of both deposited metal oxides. The CV profiles of both metal oxides showed similar patterns attributed to simultaneous charge-storage mechanisms of electric double-layer in R-TNTs and pseudocapacitance in the metal oxides. Galvanostatic charge-discharge showed Mn2O3/R-TNTs exhibits higher specific capacitance of 37.0 mF cm-2 compared to Co3O4/R-TNTs of 16.9 mF cm-2 at 0.1 mA cm-2. Moreover, these deposited samples also exhibit good electrochemical stability by retaining 87% of the initial capacity over 1000 cycles

Titania nanotubes synthesised via the electrochemical anodisation method: synthesis and supercapacitor applications

Titania nanotube is gaining tremendous interest for its unique features including high surface area, ion-exchange ability, photocatalytic potential and prominent electrical properties. Many attempts were made to manipulate the unique properties of titania nanotubes for supercapacitor application. In this review a comprehensive list of literatures on fabrication of titania nanotubes via anodisation method in fluoride-based electrolytes and its application as supercapacitor are discussed. This review shows that the nanotube morphology can be optimized by varying the anodisation parameter such as electrolyte concentration, pH, voltage, and bath temperature. The review also includes studies on the application of titania nanotubes as supercapacitor on improving the specific capacitance value by doping with metal oxides and conducting polymers

Establishment, Regeneration, and Succession of Korean Red Pine (Pinus densiflora S. et Z.) Forest in Korea

Seed production of Korean red pine (Pinus densiflora Siebold & Zucc.) was ranging from 25 to 27 seeds/m2 with a viability averaging between 42 and 44%. Seed dispersal reaches about 80 m. Germination rate of seed varied from 19 to 90%, and survival rate of seedling varied from 0 to 30% depending on moisture condition in field experiment. Survivorship curve of the pine population showed type III. Species composition of the pine forest was characterized by possessing plants with resistant capacity to water deficit such as Rhododendron micranthum, Vaccinium hirtum var. koreanum, Spodiopogon sibiricus, and Lespedeza cyrtobotrya. Ecological longevity of the pine was about 140 years based on mean age of gap makers. Natural maintenance of the pine forest depended on disturbance regime, which is dominated by endogenous factor. Natural regeneration of the pine forest is possible only in a very restricted site such as ridgetop with thin and infertile soil condition. Therefore, active and systematic management is required for artificial regeneration of the forest as is known in silivicultural method. Pine gall midge damage accelerated succession of the pine forest to the deciduous broadleaved forest dominated by oak except on the ridgetop where the forest can be maintained naturally

Enhancement of capacitive performance in titania nanotubes modified by an electrochemical reduction method

Highly ordered titania nanotubes (TNTs) were synthesised by an electrochemical anodization method for supercapacitor applications. However, the capacitive performance of the TNTs was relatively low and comparable to the conventional capacitor. Therefore, in order to improve the capacitive performance of the TNTs, a fast and facile electrochemical reduction method was applied to modify the TNTs (R-TNTs) by introducing oxygen vacancies into the lattice. X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) data confirmed the presence of oxygen vacancies in the R-TNTs lattice upon the reduction of Ti4+ to Ti3+. Electrochemical reduction parameters such as applied voltage and reduction time were varied to optimize the best conditions for the modification process. The electrochemical performance of the samples was analyzed in a three-electrode configuration cell. The cyclic voltammogram recorded at 200 mV s−1 showed a perfect square-shaped voltammogram indicating the excellent electrochemical performance of R-TNTs prepared at 5 V for 30 s. The total area of the R-TNTs voltammogram was 3 times larger than the unmodified TNTs. A specific capacitance of 11.12 mF cm−2 at a current density of 20 μA cm−2 was obtained from constant current charge-discharge measurements, which was approximately 57 times higher than that of unmodified TNTs. R-TNTs also displayed outstanding cycle stability with 99% capacity retention after 1000 cycles

Quantum dot-sensitized solar cell based on nano-TiO2 electrodes

Quantum dots-sensitized solar cell (QDSSC) is one of the third generation solar cell that is the most promising low cost, easy to manufacture and highly efficient solar cell. Compared to Dye-sensitized solar cell (DSSC), quantum dots (QDs) of QDSSC has a narrow bandgap and possess excellent properties such as tunable band gaps, strong light absorption and high multiple electron generation. Titanium dioxide or titania (TiO2) is an oxides semiconductor material that is frequently used as a photoanode in this photovoltaic system due to high stability under visible light illumination. TiO2 is also known as a good photocatalyst and an excellent choice in environmental purification. The efficiencies of electron injection and light harvesting in QDSSC are affected by the nature, size morphology, and quantity of this nanomaterial. In this review, the concept and principles of the QDSSCs are reviewed. The preparation and fabrication method ofTiO2 electrode in QDSSC are also discussed. It is worthwhile to know the architecture of TiO2 in order to enhance the efficiency of QDSSC

Titania Nanotubes Synthesised via the Electrochemical Anodisation Method: Synthesis and Supercapacitor Applications

Titania nanotube is gaining tremendous interest for its unique features including high surface area, ion-exchange ability, photocatalytic potential and prominent electrical properties. Many attempts were made to manipulate the unique properties of titania nanotubes for supercapacitor application. In this review a comprehensive list of literatures on fabrication of titania nanotubes via anodisation method in fluoride-based electrolytes and its application as supercapacitor are discussed. This review shows that the nanotube morphology can be optimized by varying the anodisation parameter such as electrolyte concentration, pH, voltage, and bath temperature. The review also includes studies on the application of titania nanotubes as supercapacitor on improving the specific capacitance value by doping with metal oxides and conducting polymers