The Vehicle, Fall 2008

Table of Contents DwIFoFErREINdTPhilip Gallagherpage 17 LeftoversAmanda Vealepage 18 the bogGrace Lawrencepage 19 Visitor\u27s Morning on EarthSteven T. Coxpage 20 The Moon Man Philip Gallagherpage 21 SearchingsAmanda Vealepage 23 Becoming WiseAmanda Vealepage 24 PerennialsAmanda Vealepage 26 SoldierMary Lieskepage 27 Desecration of a RelicAmanda Vealepage 29 New LifeJennifer O\u27Neilpage 30 GardenerKrystina Levyapage 43 The Reasons WhyMary Lieskepage 44 Dining at the MortuaryAmanda Vealepage 45 Poetry Hop Scotch BehopJake Dawsonpage 1 Empty RoomAmanda Vealepage 2 Mantis (from memory) Muddy ShoesGina Marie LoBiancopage 3 MEMOSamuel Clowardpage 5 MathMary Lieskepage 7 To a Little Black GirlJustin Sudkamppage 8 Government OfficeSamuel Clowardpage 9 FirstKellen Fasnachtpage 10 Seeing Artichoke, Call MeAmanda Vealepage 11 TrumpetSarah Fairchildpage 12 That\u27s the StuffJake Dawsonpage 13 Your Hair is ThinningAmanda Vealepage 15 UnableDonica Millerpage 16 Dance PartnersSamantha Sauerpage 32 I StillMegan Mathypage 33 IncandescenceSarah Fairchildpage 34 Stone CraneBrendan Hughespage 35 The Road TakenSamantha Sauerpage 36 YouMegan Mathypage 37 Zhangjiajie National Forest Park, Zhangjiajie, ChinaBrendan Hughespage 38 Spotlight on 2008 Chapbook LessonsGlen Davispage 62 Interview with Glen DavisRebecca Griffithpage 64 Contributorspage 69 Submission Guidelines/Reading Event Blues Mad FoolJake Dawsonpage 47 Good WomanJake Dawsonpage 49 Good ManJake Dawsonpage 51 And I Miss YouDonica Millerpage 53 Entropy of Your ShirtAmanda Vealepage 56 Mavericks Philip Gallagherpage 57 Untitled [It\u27s 10:15 p.m....]Philip Gallagherpage 59 Prose A Birdhouse for GrandpaLeslie Hancockpage 39 MotivationMary Lieskepage 55 Art Forgotten GardenBrendan Hughescovers BeMegan Mathypage 31https://thekeep.eiu.edu/vehicle/1088/thumbnail.jp

Ecological and Cultural Understanding as a Basis for Management of a Globally Significant Island Landscape

Islands provide the opportunity to explore management regimes and research issues related to the isolation, uniqueness, and integrity of ecological systems. K’gari (Fraser Island) is an Australian World Heritage property listed based on its outstanding natural value, specifically, the unique wilderness characteristics and the diversity of ecosystem types. Our goal was to draw on an understanding of the natural and cultural environment of K’gari as a foundation on which to build a management model that includes First Nations Peoples in future management and research. Our research involved an analysis of papers in the peer-reviewed scientific literature, original reports, letters, and other manuscripts now housed in the K’gari Fraser Island Research Archive. The objectives of the research were: (1) to review key historical events that form the cultural, social, and environmental narrative; (2) review the major natural features of the island and threats; (3) identify the gaps in research; (4) analyse the management and conservation challenges associated with tourism, biosecurity threats, vegetation management practices, and climate change and discuss whether the requirements for sustaining island ecological integrity can be met in the future; and (5) identify commonalities and general management principles that may apply globally to other island systems and other World Heritage sites listed on the basis of their unique natural and cultural features. We found that the characteristics that contribute to island uniqueness are also constraints for research funding and publication; however, they are important themes that warrant more investment. Our review suggests that K’gari is a contested space between tourist visitation and associated environmental impacts, with an island that has rich First Nations history, extraordinary ecological diversity, and breathtaking aesthetic beauty. This juxtaposition is reflected in disparate views of custodianship and use, and the management strategies are needed to achieve multiple objectives in an environmentally sustainable way whilst creating cultural equity in modern times. We offer a foundation on which to build a co-management model that includes First Nations Peoples in governance, management, research, and monitoring

Food security, remoteness and consolidation of supermarket distribution centres: factors contributing to food pricing inequalities across Queensland, Australia

There is a clear association between food prices, affordability and issues of food security. Australian food supply chains have lengthened in recent years in response to consolidation policies of the dominant supermarkets, which have reduced the number of distribution centres in order to maximise economic efficiencies. This study presents a spatial analysis of a healthy food basket survey undertaken across Queensland, Australia in order to identify the primary determinants of food pricing. Ambiguity in the academic literature on this subject is largely due to limitations of the utilised methods. Our results indicate that food price variability is directly related to the type of store surveyed, and the distance of the surveyed store to the supermarket distribution centres in Brisbane, or urban centres on the east coast of Australia. Population size of towns and the level of social disadvantage observed in communities were indirect determinants of food prices. Therefore, in order to lessen the disadvantage already encountered by communities located in outer regional and remote areas who pay increasingly more for food than their urban counterparts, policy interventions need to move beyond subsiding food costs and consider the relationship between fuel prices and the lengthening of dominant food supply chains, in addition to the capacity of local supply chains

Differential modulation of neural network and pacemaker activity underlying eupnea and sigh-breathing activities.

Many networks generate distinct rhythms with multiple frequency and amplitude characteristics. The respiratory network in the pre-B?nger complex (pre-B?generates both the low-frequency, large-amplitude sigh rhythm and a faster, smaller-amplitude eupneic rhythm. Could the same set of pacemakers generate both rhythms? Here we used an in vitro respiratory brainslice preparation. We describe a subset of synaptically isolated pacemakers that spontaneously generate two distinct bursting patterns. These two patterns resemble network activity including sigh-like bursts that occur at low frequencies and have large amplitudes and eupneic-like bursts with higher frequency and smaller amplitudes. Cholinergic neuromodulation altered the network and pacemaker bursting: fictive sigh frequency is increased dramatically, whereas fictive eupneic frequency is drastically lowered. The data suggest that timing and amplitude characteristics of fictive eupneic and sigh rhythms are set by the same set of pacemakers that are tuned by changes in the neuromodulatory state