Pseudotumors due to pulmonary infarction

The preferred treatment of pulmonary infarction is nonoperative when the diagnosis can be established. In the present study, five cases are described in which failure of resolution or growth of a radiographic density resulted in eventual thoracotomy and pulmonary resection. Carcinoma was suspected in each case, and in one patient, unremitting hemoptysis was an additional indication for operation. It is thought that the infarction was due to an embolus in four patients and to pulmonary arterial thrombosis in the other. Only one of the patients had evidence of peripheral thrombophlebitis, and none had underlying cardiac disease. The infarcts involved the upper lobes in two patients, the lower lobes in two, and both the upper and lower lobes in one. The benign nature of the process was recognized at operation and conservative resections performed. The typical finding was atelectasis of the involved parenchyma with a central necrotic area. In two patients organizing pulmonary emboli were encountered when transecting the pulmonary arterial supply, and in one of these, pulmonary endarterectomy of the remaining vessel was successfully performed. The apparent ages of the infarcts ranged from two weeks to several months. After the diagnosis had been established at operation, prophylactic anticoagulant therapy was not given in four patients, and no recurrences were observed. In the fifth, bilateral superficial femoral vein ligation was performed, also with a good result. © 1963

Electron-Positron Annihilation Lifetime Spectroscopy of MgO and Aluminum-Doped MgO

Radiation is a form of energy that can damage materials at an atomic level. This has implications for the mobility of radioactive waste through containment materials. We are characterizing atomic defects in materials by using Electron-Positron Annihilation Lifetime Spectroscopy (EPALS). When an electron and positron come into contact with each other, they annihilate and release two antiparallel 511-keV gamma rays. In a pristine crystalline sample, positrons can easily annihilate with electrons, but in a sample with vacancies/defects in the crystal structure, positrons take longer to annihilate. Therefore, the more vacancies in a sample, the longer the average lifetime of a positron in the sample. We measure the lifetime by detecting the time between the emission of a 1274-keV gamma ray when the positron is created and the emission of the 511-keV gamma ray. We have experimentally measured pure, single-crystal MgO samples and found that our results are within the range of past published results (120 ps - 280 ps) with average lifetimes at 258±34.8 ns and 266±12.1 ns. We have also made measurements that span over the course of 1-3 days, resulting in similar lifetimes of 265±2.62 ns. In future experiments, we plan on analyzing pure Fe and Aluminum-doped MgO and then comparing these positron lifetimes with radiation-damaged versions of the same samples

Experiences of Women STEM Professors Who Are Considering Leadership Positions at Research Universities

Empirical evidence is needed to discern the reasons for inequities among those with doctorates hired in science, technology, engineering, and mathematics (STEM) fields. It is necessary to create a successful and motivational atmosphere for various types of female leaders who are seeking opportunities to become leaders, especially in STEM fields. This qualitative-method study used an exploratory design. The study first sought to gather information about female STEM professors’ experiences through open-ended qualitative interviews to explain gaps in details of women’s experiences as professors in STEM departments of universities. Second, the researcher sought to discern common themes in interview responses for the study to report on data analysis and findings. This research built on educational-leadership and educational-psychology theories and perspectives where the research problems closely follow the research questions. The data collection involved one-to-one interviews with female professors of universities, and interview responses and observations guided the data analysis and findings. Most interpretation rested on coding similar themes and trends discovered during the transcription of interview responses. This study explored the deep internal vulnerabilities of female professors working on highly competitive campuses

A Preliminary Study of Acculturation Among the Cree Indians of Winisk, Ontario

Reports a study in summer 1958 of cultural changes resulting from establishment of a radar base in the Hudson Bay area of northern Ontario. The Indians' former life and contacts with whites as hunters and trappers are described, also their experiences as wage earners at the base. Among the changes are year-round residence in Winisk village, displacement of the family as the basic unit of production, and disappearance of hunting skills as the main factor in social prestige. Despite certain undesirable aspects, as substitution of canned food for fresh meat, loss of parental control over children, deterioration of public morality, etc., the new way of life is preferred by the Indians because of the greater economic security and the stimulation of community living