Exact Wavefunctions for a Delta Function Bose Gas with Higher Derivatives

A quantum mechanical system describing bosons in one space dimension with a kinetic energy of arbitrary order in derivatives and a delta function interaction is studied. Exact wavefunctions for an arbitrary number of particles and order of derivative are constructed. Also, equations determining the spectrum of eigenvalues are found

Stability of Relativistic Matter With Magnetic Fields

Stability of matter with Coulomb forces has been proved for non-relativistic dynamics, including arbitrarily large magnetic fields, and for relativistic dynamics without magnetic fields. In both cases stability requires that the fine structure constant alpha be not too large. It was unclear what would happen for both relativistic dynamics and magnetic fields, or even how to formulate the problem clearly. We show that the use of the Dirac operator allows both effects, provided the filled negative energy `sea' is defined properly. The use of the free Dirac operator to define the negative levels leads to catastrophe for any alpha, but the use of the Dirac operator with magnetic field leads to stability.Comment: This is an announcement of the work in cond-mat/9610195 (LaTeX

The Ground States of Large Quantum Dots in Magnetic Fields

The quantum mechanical ground state of a 2D $N$-electron system in a confining potential $V(x)=Kv(x)$ ($K$ is a coupling constant) and a homogeneous magnetic field $B$ is studied in the high density limit $N\to\infty$, $K\to \infty$ with $K/N$ fixed. It is proved that the ground state energy and electronic density can be computed {\it exactly} in this limit by minimizing simple functionals of the density. There are three such functionals depending on the way $B/N$ varies as $N\to\infty$: A 2D Thomas-Fermi (TF) theory applies in the case $B/N\to 0$; if $B/N\to{\rm const.}\neq 0$ the correct limit theory is a modified $B$-dependent TF model, and the case $B/N\to\infty$ is described by a ``classical'' continuum electrostatic theory. For homogeneous potentials this last model describes also the weak coupling limit $K/N\to 0$ for arbitrary $B$. Important steps in the proof are the derivation of a new Lieb-Thirring inequality for the sum of eigenvalues of single particle Hamiltonians in 2D with magnetic fields, and an estimation of the exchange-correlation energy. For this last estimate we study a model of classical point charges with electrostatic interactions that provides a lower bound for the true quantum mechanical energy.Comment: 57 pages, Plain tex, 5 figures in separate uufil

The Flux-Phase of the Half-Filled Band

The conjecture is verified that the optimum, energy minimizing magnetic flux for a half-filled band of electrons hopping on a planar, bipartite graph is $\pi$ per square plaquette. We require {\it only} that the graph has periodicity in one direction and the result includes the hexagonal lattice (with flux 0 per hexagon) as a special case. The theorem goes beyond previous conjectures in several ways: (1) It does not assume, a-priori, that all plaquettes have the same flux (as in Hofstadter's model); (2) A Hubbard type on-site interaction of any sign, as well as certain longer range interactions, can be included; (3) The conclusion holds for positive temperature as well as the ground state; (4) The results hold in $D \geq 2$ dimensions if there is periodicity in $D-1$ directions (e.g., the cubic lattice has the lowest energy if there is flux $\pi$ in each square face).Comment: 9 pages, EHL14/Aug/9

Free Energy of a Dilute Bose Gas: Lower Bound

A lower bound is derived on the free energy (per unit volume) of a homogeneous Bose gas at density $\rho$ and temperature $T$. In the dilute regime, i.e., when $a^3\rho \ll 1$, where $a$ denotes the scattering length of the pair-interaction potential, our bound differs to leading order from the expression for non-interacting particles by the term $4\pi a (2\rho^2 - [\rho-\rho_c]_+^2)$. Here, $\rho_c(T)$ denotes the critical density for Bose-Einstein condensation (for the non-interacting gas), and $[ ]_+$ denotes the positive part. Our bound is uniform in the temperature up to temperatures of the order of the critical temperature, i.e., $T \sim \rho^{2/3}$ or smaller. One of the key ingredients in the proof is the use of coherent states to extend the method introduced in [arXiv:math-ph/0601051] for estimating correlations to temperatures below the critical one.Comment: LaTeX2e, 53 page

Quantum shock waves in the Heisenberg XY model

We show the existence of quantum states of the Heisenberg XY chain which closely follow the motion of the corresponding semi-classical ones, and whose evolution resemble the propagation of a shock wave in a fluid. These states are exact solutions of the Schroedinger equation of the XY model and their classical counterpart are simply domain walls or soliton-like solutions.Comment: 15 pages,6 figure

Ground state energy of large polaron systems

The last unsolved problem about the many-polaron system, in the Pekar-Tomasevich approximation, is the case of bosons with the electron-electron Coulomb repulsion of strength exactly 1 (the 'neutral case'). We prove that the ground state energy, for large $N$, goes exactly as $-N^{7/5}$, and we give upper and lower bounds on the asymptotic coefficient that agree to within a factor of $2^{2/5}$.Comment: 16 page

Further implications of the Bessis-Moussa-Villani conjecture

We find further implications of the BMV conjecture, which states that for hermitian matrices A and B, the function Tr exp(A - t B) is the Laplace transform of a positive measure.Comment: LaTeX, 8 page

The Ground State Energy of Dilute Bose Gas in Potentials with Positive Scattering Length

The leading term of the ground state energy/particle of a dilute gas of bosons with mass $m$ in the thermodynamic limit is $2\pi \hbar^2 a \rho/m$ when the density of the gas is $\rho$, the interaction potential is non-negative and the scattering length $a$ is positive. In this paper, we generalize the upper bound part of this result to any interaction potential with positive scattering length, i.e, $a>0$ and the lower bound part to some interaction potentials with shallow and/or narrow negative parts.Comment: Latex 28 page

Stability of atoms and molecules in an ultrarelativistic Thomas-Fermi-Weizsaecker model

We consider the zero mass limit of a relativistic Thomas-Fermi-Weizsaecker model of atoms and molecules. We find bounds for the critical nuclear charges that ensure stability.Comment: 8 pages, LaTe