Underdiagnosis of intestinal parasites in patients with diarrhea

Underdiagnosis of intestinal parasites in patients with diarrhea A compilation from the Swedish public health authority indicates that infections caused by Cryptosporidium spp. increased in Sweden from 47 cases in 2004 to 594 cases in 2016 and Giardia intestinalis causes around 1300 infections per year. The primary aim of this study was to investigate the prevalence of parasites in patients with diarrhea. Furthermore, the study investigated whether samples taken with E-swab could be analyzed with real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR) for detection of Cryptosporidium spp., Dientamoeba fragilis, Entamoeba histolytica/dispar and G. intestinalis rather than Sodium acetate-acetic acid-formaline fixative (SAF-fixative). Prevalence of parasites in fecal samples was collected from 200 samples from patients with bacterial issue ordered. For evaluation of E-swab, 22 frozen, unfixed samples that were positive for intestinal parasites was used. Twelve positive E-swab samples was used as comparative positive controls. This was analyzed using real-time PCR. Bacteria was counted for 9.5% of the infections whilst parasites counted for 14% of the infections. The conclusion was that E-swab could replace SAF-fixative in the diagnosis of intestinal parasites and that there is that an underdiagnosis of intestinal parasites. Keywords: Cryptosporidium spp, Dientamoeba fragilis, Entamoeba histolytica, Entamoeba dispar, Giardia intestinalis, real-time PCR, E-swab, prevalence

Sambandet mellan sömnstörningar och psykosociala tillstånd : en litteraturöversikt

Validerat; 20101217 (root

Storytelling : Hur aktualitet influerar storytelling i modebranschen

Konsumenter utsätts dagligen omedvetet av reklam från varumärken via flera kanaler och idag krävs det något extra för att varumärket ska ge genomslag. Där kommer berättelsen, ett narrativ eller så kallad storytelling, in som ett mäktigt verktyg inom varumärkeskommunikation. En konsument identifierar sig lättare i en berättelse, det är därmed viktigt hur företaget porträtterar sig och bygger sitt budskap. För att lyckas med storytelling krävs det att man berättar rätt historia. Innehållet ska vara intressant, relevant och engagerande. Aktuella händelser i berättelser berör och engagerar då människan alltid fängslats av nyheter. Främjas aktualiteten i storytelling finns möjlighet till ökat engagemang från kunden. Vi har lyft fram kriterier för kommunikationskanaler och dragit slutsatser för hur modeföretag kan använda aktualitet inom storytelling för att främja konsumentengagemang. Studiens syfte var att undersöka hur storytelling används och om aktualiteten influerar storytellingens potential att skapa engagemang hos konsumenter i modebranschen. Vår studie grundas i en kvalitativ metod med en flerfallsdesign. Datainsamlingen har genomförts via semi-strukturerade intervjuer hos utvalda modeföretag och PR-byråer. Vi har valt dessa två företagstyper för att få fler vinklar i vårt företagsperspektiv. Analysen har gjorts utifrån vår teoretiska referensram i en tematisk indelning

The Green User. Design for Sustainable Behaviour.

To reduce the environmental impact of the use phase of products, researchers have suggested applying design strategies for sustainable behaviour. The aim of this study was to evaluate four different design strategies on the basis of longterm acceptability and effectiveness in inducing sustainable behaviours. A literature review was carried out and a model for categorisation of strategies was created containing five categories: Enlighten, Spur, Steer, Force and Match. Four design strategies for sustainable behaviour, belonging to the first four categories, were implemented in prototypes to achieve moderate dosing of washing detergent. The prototypes were distributed to 16 households and a between subject study design was applied. The results indicate that three of the four strategies for many households were both effective and accepted. This suggests that product design can be a feasible way to induce and maintain sustainable behaviour

The Green User. Design for Sustainable Behaviour.

To reduce the environmental impact of the use phase of products, researchers have suggested applying design strategies for sustainable behaviour. The aim of this study was to evaluate four different design strategies on the basis of longterm acceptability and effectiveness in inducing sustainable behaviours. A literature review was carried out and a model for categorisation of strategies was created containing five categories: Enlighten, Spur, Steer, Force and Match. Four design strategies for sustainable behaviour, belonging to the first four categories, were implemented in prototypes to achieve moderate dosing of washing detergent. The prototypes were distributed to 16 households and a between subject study design was applied. The results indicate that three of the four strategies for many households were both effective and accepted. This suggests that product design can be a feasible way to induce and maintain sustainable behaviour

International Variations in Surgical Morbidity and Mortality Post Gynaecological Oncology Surgery: A Global Gynaecological Oncology Surgical Outcomes Collaborative Led Study (GO SOAR1)

Simple Summary Little is known about factors contributing to early post-operative morbidity and mortality in low and middle income countries with a paucity of data limiting global efforts to improve gynaecological cancer care. In this multicentre, international prospective cohort study of women undergoing gynaecological oncology surgery, we show that low and middle versus high income countries were associated with similar post-operative major morbidity. Capacity to rescue patients from surgical complications is a tangible opportunity for meaningful intervention.Abstract Gynaecological malignancies affect women in low and middle income countries (LMICs) at disproportionately higher rates compared with high income countries (HICs) with little known about variations in access, quality, and outcomes in global cancer care. Our study aims to evaluate international variation in post-operative morbidity and mortality following gynaecological oncology surgery between HIC and LMIC settings. Study design consisted of a multicentre, international prospective cohort study of women undergoing surgery for gynaecological malignancies (NCT04579861). Multilevel logistic regression determined relationships within three-level nested-models of patients within hospitals/countries. We enrolled 1820 patients from 73 hospitals in 27 countries. Minor morbidity (Clavien-Dindo I-II) was 26.5% (178/672) and 26.5% (267/1009), whilst major morbidity (Clavien-Dindo III-V) was 8.2% (55/672) and 7% (71/1009) for LMICs/HICs, respectively. Higher minor morbidity was associated with pre-operative mechanical bowel preparation (OR = 1.474, 95%CI = 1.054-2.061, p = 0.023), longer surgeries (OR = 1.253, 95%CI = 1.066-1.472, p = 0.006), greater blood loss (OR = 1.274, 95%CI = 1.081-1.502, p = 0.004). Higher major morbidity was associated with longer surgeries (OR = 1.37, 95%CI = 1.128-1.664, p = 0.002), greater blood loss (OR = 1.398, 95%CI = 1.175-1.664, p <= 0.001), and seniority of lead surgeon, with junior surgeons three times more likely to have a major complication (OR = 2.982, 95%CI = 1.509-5.894, p = 0.002). Of all surgeries, 50% versus 25% were performed by junior surgeons in LMICs/HICs, respectively. We conclude that LMICs and HICs were associated with similar post-operative major morbidity. Capacity to rescue patients from surgical complications is a tangible opportunity for meaningful intervention