R0R_0-algebras and weak dually residuated lattice ordered semigroups

summary:We introduce the notion of weak dually residuated lattice ordered semigroups (WDRL-semigroups) and investigate the relation between $R_0$-algebras and WDRL-semigroups. We prove that the category of $R_0$-algebras is equivalent to the category of some bounded WDRL-semigroups. Moreover, the connection between WDRL-semigroups and DRL-semigroups is studied

Ototoxicity of polystyrene nanoplastics in mice, HEI-OC1 cells and zebrafish

Polystyrene nanoplastics are a novel class of pollutants. They are easily absorbed by living organisms, and their potential toxicity has raised concerns. However, the impact of polystyrene nanoplastics on auditory organs remains unknown. Here, our results showed that polystyrene nanoplastics entered the cochlea of mice, HEI-OC1 cells, and lateral line hair cells of zebrafish, causing cellular injury and increasing apoptosis. Additionally, we found that exposure to polystyrene nanoplastics resulted in a significant elevation in the auditory brainstem response thresholds, a loss of auditory sensory hair cells, stereocilia degeneration and a decrease in expression of Claudin-5 and Occludin proteins at the blood-lymphatic barrier in mice. We also observed a significant decrease in the acoustic alarm response of zebrafish after exposure to polystyrene nanoplastics. Mechanistic analysis revealed that polystyrene nanoplastics induced up-regulation of the Nrf2/HO-1 pathway, increased levels of malondialdehyde, and decreased superoxide dismutase and catalase levels in cochlea and HEI-OC1 cells. Furthermore, we observed that the expression of ferroptosis-related indicators GPX4 and SLC7A11 decreased as well as increased expression of ACLS4 in cochlea and HEI-OC1 cells. This study also revealed that polystyrene nanoplastics exposure led to increased expression of the inflammatory factors TNF-α, IL-1β and COX2 in cochlea and HEI-OC1 cells. Further research found that the cell apoptosis, ferroptosis and inflammatory reactions induced by polystyrene nanoplastics in HEI-OC1 cells was reversed through the pretreatment with N-acetylcysteine, a reactive oxygen species inhibitor. Overall, our study first discovered and systematically revealed the ototoxicity of polystyrene nanoplastics and its underlying mechanism

New Understanding of Cement Hydration Mechanism through Electrical Resistivity Measurement and Microstructure Investigations

The new understanding for the hydration mechanism of cement has been achieved based on the noncontact electrical resistivity measurement. The cement hydration process is divided into dissolution, dynamic balance, setting, hardening, and hardening deceleration stages according to the characteristic points on the electrical resistivity development curve rho(t)-t and the differential curve d rho(t)/dt-t. The microstructure analysis corresponding to each hydration stage is conducted with scanning electron microscope, x-ray diffraction, differential thermal analysis, and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy techniques. This study provides the theoretical foundation for understanding the relationship between setting behavior, hardening properties, and resistivity development

Property characterization of self compact concrete at early age

The process of hydration and solidification of self compact concrete (SCC) has a significant influence on the long term strength and durability of SCC. There is little information regarding the early hydration for SCC. The electrical property characterization of SCC provides a direct and practical method for monitoring and investigating the hydration process of young SCC. In conventional method of electrical resistivity measurement for cement-based materials, there is a problem in contact between specimen, and electrodes. This study adopts electrodeless measurement technique to investigate the electrical resistivity of SCC at early stage. The method eliminates the contact problem and polarization effect. The results obtained by this method have much better accuracy. The test results provided the electric parameters for SCC with different chemical admixture incorporations. The variations and characteristics for SCC with different chemical admixture incorporations. The variations and characteristics of the measured electrical parameters were used to characterize the phuysical and chemical properties of young SCC. These parameters were used to study and analyse the hardening process of young SCC