Banking reforms, performance and risk in China

We investigate the impact of the banking reform started from 2005 on ownership structures in China on commercial banks’ profitability, efficiency and risk over the period 2000–2012, providing comprehensive evidence on the impact of banking reform in China. We find that banks on average tend to have higher profitability, lower risk and lower efficiency after the reforms, and the results are robust with our difference-in-difference approach. Our results also show that the Big 5 state-owned banks (SOCB) underperform banks with other types of ownership when risk is measured by non-performing loans (NPLs) over the entire study period but tend to have fewer NPLs than other banks during the post-reform period. Our results provide some supporting evidence on the ongoing banking reforms in China, suggesting that attracting strategic foreign investors and listing SOCBs on stock exchanges appear to be effective ways to help SOCBs deal with the problem of NPLs and manage their risk

Origin of High-Temperature Superconductivity in Compressed LaH10_{10}

Room-temperature superconductivity has been one of the most challenging subjects in modern physics. Recent experiments reported that lanthanum hydride LaH$_{10{\pm}x}$ ($x$$<$1) raises a superconducting transition temperature $T_{\rm c}$ up to ${\sim}$260 (or 215) K at high pressures around 190 (150) GPa. Here, based on first-principles calculations, we reveal the existence of topological Dirac-nodal-line (DNL) states in compressed LaH$_{10}$. Remarkably, the DNLs protected by the combined inversion and time-reversal symmetry and the rotation symmetry create a van Hove singularity (vHs) near the Fermi energy, giving rise to large electronic density of states. Contrasting with other La hydrides containing cationic La and anionic H atoms, LaH$_{10}$ shows a peculiar characteristic of electrical charges with anionic La and both cationic and anionic H species, caused by a strong hybridization of the La $f$ and H $s$ orbitals. We find that a large number of electronic states at the vHs are strongly coupled to the H-derived high-frequency phonon modes that are induced via the unusual, intricate bonding network of LaH$_{10}$, thereby yielding a high $T_{\rm c}$. Our findings not only elucidate the microscopic origin of the observed high-$T_{\rm c}$ BCS-type superconductivity in LaH$_{10}$, but also pave the route for achieving room-temperature topological superconductors in compressed hydrogen-rich compounds.Comment: 9 pages, 11 figure

Clinical Big Data and Deep Learning: Applications, Challenges, and Future Outlooks

The explosion of digital healthcare data has led to a surge of data-driven medical research based on machine learning. In recent years, as a powerful technique for big data, deep learning has gained a central position in machine learning circles for its great advantages in feature representation and pattern recognition. This article presents a comprehensive overview of studies that employ deep learning methods to deal with clinical data. Firstly, based on the analysis of the characteristics of clinical data, various types of clinical data (e.g., medical images, clinical notes, lab results, vital signs and demographic informatics) are discussed and details provided of some public clinical datasets. Secondly, a brief review of common deep learning models and their characteristics is conducted. Then, considering the wide range of clinical research and the diversity of data types, several deep learning applications for clinical data are illustrated: auxiliary diagnosis, prognosis, early warning, and other tasks. Although there are challenges involved in applying deep learning techniques to clinical data, it is still worthwhile to look forward to a promising future for deep learning applications in clinical big data in the direction of precision medicine

Heavy Bino and Slepton for Muon g-2 Anomaly

In light of very recent E989 experimental result, we investigate the possibility that heavy sparticles explain the muon g-2 anomaly. We focus on the bino-smuon loop in an effective SUSY scenario, where a light gravitino plays the role of dark matter and other sparticles are heavy. Due to the enhancement of left-right mixing of smuons by heavy higgsinos, the contribution of bino-smuon loop can sizably increase the prediction of muon g-2 to the experimental value. Under collider and vacuum stability constraints, we find that TeV scale bino and smuon can still account for the new muon g-2 anomaly. The implications for LHC phenomenology are also discussed.Comment: 10 pages,1 figure;Published in:Nucl.Phys.B 969(2021)115481,add some discussions and references, matches published versio