1,937 research outputs found
An efficient compressive sensing based PS-DInSAR method for surface deformation estimation
Permanent scatterers differential interferometric synthetic aperture radar (PS-DInSAR) is a
technique for detecting surface micro-deformation, with an accuracy at the centimeter to millimeter
level. However, its performance is limited by the number of SAR images available (normally more than
20 are needed). Compressive Sensing (CS) has been proven to be an effective signal recovery method
with only a very limited number of measurements. Applying CS to PS-DInSAR, a novel
CS-PS-DInSAR method is proposed to estimate the deformation with fewer SAR images. By analyzing
the PS-DInSAR process in detail, first the sparsity representation of deformation velocity difference is
obtained; then, the mathematical model of CS-PS-DInSAR is derived and the restricted isometry
property (RIP) of the measurement matrix is discussed to validate the proposed CS-PS-DInSAR in
theory. The implementation of CS-PS-DInSAR is achieved by employing basis pursuit algorithms to
estimate the deformation velocity. With the proposed method, DInSAR deformation estimation can be
achieved by a much smaller number of SAR images, as demonstrated by simulation result
Structural Invariance of Sunspot Umbrae Over the Solar Cycle: 1993-2004
Measurements of maximum magnetic flux, minimum intensity, and size are
presented for 12 967 sunspot umbrae detected on the NASA/NSO
spectromagnetograms between 1993 and 2004 to study umbral structure and
strength during the solar cycle. The umbrae are selected using an automated
thresholding technique. Measured umbral intensities are first corrected for a
confirming observation of umbral limb-darkening. Log-normal fits to the
observed size distribution confirm that the size spectrum shape does not vary
with time. The intensity-magnetic flux relationship is found to be steady over
the solar cycle. The dependence of umbral size on the magnetic flux and minimum
intensity are also independent of cycle phase and give linear and quadratic
relations, respectively. While the large sample size does show a low amplitude
oscillation in the mean minimum intensity and maximum magnetic flux correlated
with the solar cycle, this can be explained in terms of variations in the mean
umbral size. These size variations, however, are small and do not substantiate
a meaningful change in the size spectrum of the umbrae generated by the Sun.
Thus, in contrast to previous reports, the observations suggest the equilibrium
structure, as testified by the invariant size-magnetic field relationship, as
well as the mean size (i.e. strength) of sunspot umbrae do not significantly
depend on solar cycle phase.Comment: 17 pages, 6 figures. Published in Solar Physic
A simple derivation of level spacing of quasinormal frequencies for a black hole with a deficit solid angle and quintessence-like matter
In this paper, we investigate analytically the level space of the imaginary
part of quasinormal frequencies for a black hole with a deficit solid angle and
quintessence-like matter by the Padmanabhan's method \cite{Padmanabhan}.
Padmanabhan presented a method to study analytically the imaginary part of
quasinormal frequencies for a class of spherically symmetric spacetimes
including Schwarzschild-de Sitter black holes which has an evenly spaced
structure. The results show that the level space of scalar and gravitational
quasinormal frequencies for this kind of black holes only depend on the surface
gravity of black-hole horizon in the range of -1 < w < -1/3, respectively . We
also extend the range of to , the results of which are similar
to that in -1 < w < -1/3 case. Particularly, a black hole with a deficit solid
angle in accelerating universe will be a Schwarzschild-de Sitter black hole,
fixing and . And a black hole with a deficit solid
angle in the accelerating universe will be a Schwarzschild black hole,when
and . In this paper, is the parameter of state
equation, is a parameter relating to a deficit solid angle and
is the density of static spherically symmetrical quintessence-like
matter at .Comment: 6 pages, Accepted for publication in Astrophysics & Space Scienc
Guillain-Barré Syndrome-related campylobacter jejuni in Bangladesh: ganglioside mimicry and cross-reactive antibodies
BACKGROUND:
<br/>
Campylobacter jejuni is the predominant antecedent infection in Guillain-Barré syndrome (GBS). Molecular mimicry and cross-reactive immune responses to C. jejuni lipo-oligosaccharides (LOS) precipitate the development of GBS, although this mechanism has not been established in patients from developing countries. We determined the carbohydrate mimicry between C. jejuni LOS and gangliosides, and the cross-reactive antibody response in patients with GBS in Bangladesh.<br/>
METHODOLOGY:<br/>
Sera from 97 GBS patients, and 120 neurological and family controls were tested for antibody reactivity against LOS from C. jejuni isolates from GBS patients in Bangladesh (BD-07, BD-39, BD-10, BD-67 and BD-94) by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Cross-reactivity to LOS was determined by ELISA. The LOS outer core structures of C. jejuni strains associated with GBS/MFS were determined by mass spectrometry.<br/>
PRINCIPLE FINDINGS:<br/>
IgG antibodies to LOS from C. jejuni BD-07, BD-39, BD-10, and BD-67 IgG antibodies were found in serum from 56%, 58%, 14% and 15% of GBS patients respectively, as compared to very low frequency (<3%) in controls (p<0.001). Monoclonal antibodies specific for GM1 and GD1a reacted strongly with LOS from the C. jejuni strains (BD-07 and BD-39). Mass spectrometry analysis confirmed the presence of GM1 and GD1a carbohydrate mimics in the LOS from C. jejuni BD-07 and BD-39. Both BD-10 and BD-67 express the same LOS outer core, which appears to be a novel structure displaying GA2 and GD3 mimicry. Up to 90-100% of serum reactivity to gangliosides in two patients (DK-07 and DK-39) was inhibited by 50 µg/ml of LOS from the autologous C. jejuni isolates. However, patient DK-07 developed an anti-GD1a immune response while patient DK-39 developed an anti-GM1 immune response.<br/>
CONCLUSION:<br/>
Carbohydrate mimicry between C. jejuni LOS and gangliosides, and cross-reactive serum antibody precipitate the majority of GBS cases in Bangladesh
Tracing KAM tori in presymplectic dynamical systems
We present a KAM theorem for presymplectic dynamical systems. The theorem has
a " a posteriori " format. We show that given a Diophantine frequency
and a family of presymplectic mappings, if we find an embedded torus which is
approximately invariant with rotation such that the torus and the
family of mappings satisfy some explicit non-degeneracy condition, then we can
find an embedded torus and a value of the parameter close to to the original
ones so that the torus is invariant under the map associated to the value of
the parameter. Furthermore, we show that the dimension of the parameter space
is reduced if we assume that the systems are exact.Comment: 33 pages and one figur
Fracture Characteristics of B1500HS Steel Hot Blank Parts
Warm and hot blanking processes were developed for solving problems in piercing and trimming of press-hardened parts, some fine blank parts with comprehensive mechanical properties could be produced by hot blanking. To establish the optimum blanking processes and evaluate the effect of blanking temperature on the sheared section surface and fracture direction. Along with the fracture mechanism and microstructure of the parts, a series of hot blanking experiments for B1500HS steels were carried out at different blanking temperatures (450–800°C) and an 8% die clearance. The experimental results show that with the blanking temperature, the smooth (burnish) zone width increases, and the fracture direction becomes nearly normal. The sheared section surface of the parts mainly demonstrates ductile fracture mainly, accompanied by local brittle fracture over the blanking temperature range of 450–600°C. A ductile fracture region contains a great amount of fine equiaxed dimples over the blanking temperature range of 650–800°C, their microstructure is of complete martensite.Разработаны процессы холодной и горячей вырубки, позволяющие решить проблемы пробивки и обрезки заготовок, полученных упрочнением под давлением. Показано, что горячая вырубка позволяет получать небольшие заготовки с полным набором механических свойств для определения оптимальных режимов вырубки и оценки влияния температуры на поверхность площадки сдвига и направление разрушения. Изучены механизм разрушения и микроструктура заготовок, выполнена серия экспериментов по горячей вырубке для стали B1500HS при различных температурах (450-800°С) и 8% отношении зазора в штампе. Экспериментально доказано, что с ростом температуры вырубки увеличивается ширина гладкой зоны, а направление разрушения становится близким к вертикальному. Поверхность площадки сдвига характеризуется вязким разрушением, сопровождающимся локальным хрупким разрушением в диапазоне температур 450-600°С. Область вязкого разрушения содержит большое количество мелких равноосных лунок в диапазоне температур 650-800°С, их микроструктура полностью состоит из мартенсита
Optical realization of universal quantum cloning
Beyond the no-cloning theorem, the universal symmetric quantum cloning
machine was first addressed by Buzek and Hillery. Here, we realized the
one-to-two qubits Buzek-Hillery cloning machine with linear optical devices.
This method relies on the representation of several qubits by a single photon.
We showed that, the fidelities between the two output qubits and the original
qubit are both 5/6 (which proved to be the optimal fidelity of one-to-two
qubits universal cloner) for arbitrary input pure states.Comment: 5 Pages, 2 Figure
Bulk Scale Factor at Very Early Universe
In this paper we propose a higher dimensional Cosmology based on FRW model
and brane-world scenario. We consider the warp factor in the brane-world
scenario as a scale factor in 5-dimensional generalized FRW metric, which is
called as bulk scale factor, and obtain the evolution of it with space-like and
time-like extra dimensions. It is then showed that, additional space-like
dimensions can produce exponentially bulk scale factor under repulsive strong
gravitational force in the empty universe at a very early stage.Comment: 7 pages, October 201
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