catena-Poly[[[bis­[4-(1H-1,3,7,8-tetra­azacyclo­penta­[l]phenanthren-2-yl)phenol-κ2 N 7,N 8]manganese(II)]-μ-naphthalene-1,4-dicarboxyl­ato-κ2 O 1:O 4] naphthalene-1,4-dicarboxylic acid hemisolvate monohydrate]

The 1,4-dicarboxyl­ate dianions in the title compound, [Mn(C12H6O4)(C19H12N4O)2]·0.5C12H8O4·H2O, bond to two 4-(1H-1,3,7,8-tetra­azacyclo­penta­[l]phenanthren-2-yl)phenol-chelated Mn atoms to form a chain that features the metal atom in an octa­hedral coordination geometry. Adjacent chains inter­act with the uncoordinated water mol­ecules to form a three-dimensional network. The naphthalene-1,4-dicarboxylic acid solvent mol­ecule, which is disordered about a centre of inversion, occupies the space within the network but is not bonded to the network. One NH group is disordered equally over two positions

Gender-specific association of MSA2756G with hypertension in patients attending a health facility in Ningxia Province, China

Purpose: To investigate the distribution of methionine synthase A2756G (MSA2756G) in the hypertensive patients in northwest Chinese population.Methods: A total of 378 unrelated hypertensive patients attending Ningxia Peoples Hospital, Ningxia Province, China, were recruited for this study. We analyzed genotype by amplication - created restriction sites (ACRS) and polymerase chain reaction - restrict fragment length polymorphism (PCR - RFLP) in hypertensive patients, and inspected the relation of the genotype with hypertension by χ2 and t test.Results: The frequency of G allele was 10.25 % in the control group and 14.04 % in hypertension group; it was not statistically different (p > 0.05). In the male group, the frequency of allele G was 11.50 % in control group, and 8.79 % in hypertension group. There was no significant difference between control and hypertension groups (p > 0.05). In the female group, the frequency of allele G was 9.00 %, in control and 19.54 % in hypertension group (p < 0.05), while in the hypertension group, allele G was 8.79 % in males which is significantly lower (p < 0.05) than in females (19.54 %) .Conclusion: Allele G of MSA2756G is a risk factor for hypertension in female in this Chinese population of this study.Keywords: Hypertension, Methionine synthase, Polymorphism, Gender, Amplification-created restriction sites, Allele G, MSA2756

Dexamethasone combined with other antiemetics for prophylaxis after laparoscopic cholecystectomy

SummaryBackground/ObjectivePostoperative nausea and vomiting (PONV) is one of the most common and distressing adverse events after laparoscopic cholecystectomy (LC). A meta-analysis of randomized clinical trials (RCTs) was performed to determine the efficacy and safety of dexamethasone combined with other antiemetic in the prevention of PONV in patients undergoing LC.MethodsA systematic literature search was conducted to identify all relevant RCTs. The primary outcome was PONV in the early period (0–3 hours, 0–4 hours, or 0–6 hours), late period (>6 hours), and the overall period (0–24 hours).ResultsNine RCTs with a total of 1089 patients were included in the analysis. Pooled analysis showed that dexamethasone combined with other antiemetics provided significantly better prophylaxis than single antiemetics in the early period [odds ratio (OR): 0.34; 95% confidence interval (CI): 0.21–0.55; p < 0.001], late period (OR: 0.35; 95% CI: 0.22–0.57; p < 0.001), and the overall period (OR: 0.36; 95% CI: 0.27–0.49; p < 0.001). Correspondingly, rescue antiemetic usage was significantly less in the combination therapy group (OR: 0.22; 95% CI: 0.12–0.41; p < 0.001). The most frequently reported adverse events were headache, dizziness, and itching. The incidence of adverse events did not differ between the two groups.ConclusionDexamethasone combined with other antiemetics was significantly better than single antiemetics for prophylaxis of PONV in patients undergoing LC, without apparent side effects

GPT4Tools: Teaching Large Language Model to Use Tools via Self-instruction

This paper aims to efficiently enable Large Language Models (LLMs) to use multimodal tools. Advanced proprietary LLMs, such as ChatGPT and GPT-4, have shown great potential for tool usage through sophisticated prompt engineering. Nevertheless, these models typically rely on prohibitive computational costs and publicly inaccessible data. To address these challenges, we propose the GPT4Tools based on self-instruct to enable open-source LLMs, such as LLaMA and OPT, to use tools. It generates an instruction-following dataset by prompting an advanced teacher with various multi-modal contexts. By using the Low-Rank Adaptation (LoRA) optimization, our approach facilitates the open-source LLMs to solve a range of visual problems, including visual comprehension and image generation. Moreover, we provide a benchmark to evaluate the ability of LLMs to use tools, which is performed in both zero-shot and fine-tuning ways. Extensive experiments demonstrate the effectiveness of our method on various language models, which not only significantly improves the accuracy of invoking seen tools, but also enables the zero-shot capacity for unseen tools. The code and demo are available at https://github.com/StevenGrove/GPT4Tools

Antimicrobial and molecular interaction studies on derivatives of curcumin against Streptococcus pneumoniae which caused pneumonia

Background: The antimicrobial properties and molecular interaction analysis of curcumin and its derivatives against three different strains of Streptococcus pneumoniae (Penicillin-susceptible, Penicillin-intermediate and Penicillin-resistant) are studied. Results: These properties were analyzed based on the measurement of the inhibition zone, minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC), and rate of kill revealed that curcumin monoglucoside, curcumin diglucoside and curcumin possessed strong antimicrobial properties even on the Penicillin-resistant strains. Additionally, the molecular docking simulation analyses against Penicillin Binding Protein of S. pneumoniae also confirm that these compounds docked at the active site of the enzyme. Further, the molecular dynamics simulation validates the conformational stability of the docked ligand\u2013protein complexes in the dynamic environment. Conclusion: curcumin monoglucoside, curcumin diglucoside and curcumin can be prescribed for treatment against Penicillin-resistant S. pneumoniae

Chlorido(10,11,12,13-tetra­hydro-4,5,9,14-tetra­aza­benzo[b]triphenyl­ene-κ2 N 4,N 5)copper(I)

The CuI atom in the title compound, [CuCl(C18H14N4)], is N,N′-chelated by the N-heterocyclic ligand and coordinated by one Cl− anion in a distorted trigonal geometry. In the crystal, the CuI atom is disordered over two positions in a 0.667 (6):0.333 (6) ratio. The deviation of the Cu atom from the N/N/Cl coordination plane is 0.013 (3) Å for the major component and 0.073 (6) Å for the minor component. Two methyl­ene C atoms are also disordered over two positions in a 0.667 (6):0.333 (6) ratio

A new alkaloid from Portulaca oleracea L. and its antiacetylcholinesterase activity

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2-Phenyl-1H-1,3,7,8-tetra­azacyclo­penta­[l]phenanthrene

There are two mol­ecules in the asymmetric unit of the title compound, C19H12N4, with dihedral angles of 2.41 (10) and 10.53 (12)° between the fused ring system and the pendant phenyl ring. In the crystal, mol­ecules are linked into chains by N—H⋯N hydrogen bonds and aromatic π–π stacking inter­actions [shortest centroid–centroid distance = 3.6176 (16) Å] complete the structure