The applicability of self-regulation theories in sport : goal adjustment capacities, stress appraisals, coping and well-being among athletes

Objectives: We examined a model, informed by self-regulation theories, which included goal adjustment capacities, appraisals of challenge and threat, coping, and well-being. Design: Prospective. Methods: Two hundred and twelve athletes from the United Kingdom (n = 147) or Australia (n = 65), who played team (n = 135) or individual sports (n = 77), and competed at international (n = 7), national (n = 11), county (n = 67), club (n = 84), or beginner (n = 43) levels participated in this study. Participants completed measures of goal adjustment capacities and stress appraisals two days before competing. Athletes also completed questions on coping and well-being within three hours of their competition ending. Results: The way an athlete responds to an unattainable goal is associated with his or her well-being in the period leading up to and including the competition. Goal reengagement positively predicted well-being, whereas goal disengagement negatively predicted well-being. Further, goal reengagement was positively associated with challenge appraisals, which in turn was linked to task-oriented coping, and task-oriented coping positively associated with well-being. Conclusion: When highly-valued goals become unattainable, consultants could encourage athletes to seek out alternative approaches to achieve the same goal or help them develop a completely new goal

QUASAT: An orbiting very long baseline interferometer program using large space antenna systems

QUASAT, which stands for QUASAR SATELLITE, is the name given to a new mission being studied by NASA. The QUASAT mission concept involves a free flying Earth orbiting large radio telescope, which will observe astronomical radio sources simultaneously with ground radio telescopes. The primary goal of QUASAT is to provide a system capable of collecting radio frequency data which will lead to a better understanding of extremely high energy events taking place in a variety of celestial objects including quasars, galactic nuclei, interstellar masers, radio stars and pulsars. QUASAT's unique scientific contribution will be the increased resolution in the emission brightness profile maps of the celestial objects

Galilean Limit of Equilibrium Relativistic Mass Distribution

The low-temperature form of the equilibrium relativistic mass distribution is subject to the Galilean limit by taking $c\rightarrow \infty .$ In this limit the relativistic Maxwell-Boltzmann distribution passes to the usual nonrelativistic form and the Dulong-Petit law is recovered.Comment: TAUP-2081-9

Thermodynamic Properties of the Spin-1/2 Antiferromagnetic ladder Cu2(C2H12N2)2Cl4 under Magnetic Field

Specific heat ($C_V$) measurements in the spin-1/2 Cu$_2$(C$_2$H$_{12}$N$_2$)$_2$Cl$_4$ system under a magnetic field up to $H=8.25 T$ are reported and compared to the results of numerical calculations based on the 2-leg antiferromagnetic Heisenberg ladder. While the temperature dependences of both the susceptibility and the low field specific heat are accurately reproduced by this model, deviations are observed below the critical field $H_{C1}$ at which the spin gap closes. In this Quantum High Field phase, the contribution of the low-energy quantum fluctuations are stronger than in the Heisenberg ladder model. We argue that this enhancement can be attributed to dynamical lattice fluctuations. Finally, we show that such a Heisenberg ladder, for $H>H_{C1}$, is unstable, when coupled to the 3D lattice, against a lattice distortion. These results provide an alternative explanation for the observed low temperature ($T_C\sim 0.5K$ -- $0.8K$) phase (previously interpreted as a 3D magnetic ordering) as a new type of incommensurate gapped state.Comment: Minor changes, list of authors complete

Quantum Monte Carlo Algorithm Based on Two-Body Density Functional Theory for Fermionic Many-Body Systems: Application to 3He

We construct a quantum Monte Carlo algorithm for interacting fermions using the two-body density as the fundamental quantity. The central idea is mapping the interacting fermionic system onto an auxiliary system of interacting bosons. The correction term is approximated using correlated wave functions for the interacting system, resulting in an effective potential that represents the nodal surface. We calculate the properties of 3He and find good agreement with experiment and with other theoretical work. In particular, our results for the total energy agree well with other calculations where the same approximations were implemented but the standard quantum Monte Carlo algorithm was usedComment: 4 pages, 3 figures, 1 tabl

The temperature dependence of the isothermal bulk modulus at 1 bar pressure

It is well established that the product of the volume coefficient of thermal expansion and the bulk modulus is nearly constant at temperatures higher than the Debye temperature. Using this approximation allows predicting the values of the bulk modulus. The derived analytical solution for the temperature dependence of the isothermal bulk modulus has been applied to ten substances. The good correlations to the experiments indicate that the expression may be useful for substances for which bulk modulus data are lacking

Structure maps for hcp metals from first principles calculations

The ability to predict the existence and crystal type of ordered structures of materials from their components is a major challenge of current materials research. Empirical methods use experimental data to construct structure maps and make predictions based on clustering of simple physical parameters. Their usefulness depends on the availability of reliable data over the entire parameter space. Recent development of high throughput methods opens the possibility to enhance these empirical structure maps by {\it ab initio} calculations in regions of the parameter space where the experimental evidence is lacking or not well characterized. In this paper we construct enhanced maps for the binary alloys of hcp metals, where the experimental data leaves large regions of poorly characterized systems believed to be phase-separating. In these enhanced maps, the clusters of non-compound forming systems are much smaller than indicated by the empirical results alone.Comment: 7 pages, 4 figures, 1 tabl

Electronic inhomogeneity at magnetic domain walls in strongly-correlated systems

We show that nano-scale variations of the order parameter in strongly-correlated systems can induce local spatial regions such as domain walls that exhibit electronic properties representative of a different, but nearby, part of the phase diagram. This is done by means of a Landau-Ginzburg analysis of a metallic ferromagnetic system near an antiferromagnetic phase boundary. The strong spin gradients at a wall between domains of different spin orientation drive the formation of a new type of domain wall, where the central core is an insulating antiferromagnet, and connects two metallic ferromagnetic domains. We calculate the charge transport properties of this wall, and find that its resistance is large enough to account for recent experimental results in colossal magnetoresistance materials. The technological implications of this finding for switchable magnetic media are discussed.Comment: Version submitted to Physical Review Letters, except for minor revisions to reference