ELSA: An Integrated, Semi-Automated Nebular Abundance Package

We present ELSA, a new modular software package, written in C, to analyze and manage spectroscopic data from emission-line objects. In addition to calculating plasma diagnostics and abundances from nebular emission lines, the software provides a number of convenient features including the ability to ingest logs produced by IRAF's splot task, to semi-automatically merge spectra in different wavelength ranges, and to automatically generate various data tables in machine-readable or LaTeX format. ELSA features a highly sophisticated interstellar reddening correction scheme that takes into account temperature and density effects as well as He II contamination of the hydrogen Balmer lines. Abundance calculations are performed using a 5-level atom approximation with recent atomic data, based on R. Henry's ABUN program. Improvements planned in the near future include use of a three-region ionization model, similar to IRAF's nebular package, error propagation, and the addition of ultraviolet and infrared line analysis capability. Detailed documentation for all aspects of ELSA are available at http://www.williams.edu/Astronomy/research/PN .Comment: 2 pages, contributed paper, IAU Symp. 234, Planetary Nebulae in Our Galaxy and Beyon

Beyond the West: Barriers to Globalizing Art History

This article provides an empirical measure of progress toward global inclusiveness in introductory art history textbooks. Using both qualitative and quantitative content analysis, we find that although the discourse of art history has shifted toward global definitions of art, the incorporation of Non-Western artists into introductory textbooks has occurred slowly, making up only 23% of modern and contemporary artists featured in recent editions. There is greater editorial agreement about the canonical significance of Western modern and contemporary artists than about Non-Western artists. Drawing on qualitative interviews with textbook authors, editors, publishers, and reviewers, we identify the epistemological, economic, and institutional factors that have limited movement toward greater global inclusion in survey textbooks

Circuits for local and global signal integration in primary visual cortex

Journal ArticleContrast-dependent changes in spatial summation and contextual modulation of primary visual cortex (V1) neuron responses to stimulation of their receptive field reveal long-distance integration of visual signals within V1, well beyond the classical receptive field (cRF) of single neurons. To identify the cortical circuits mediating these long-distance computations, we have used a combination of anatomical and physiological recording methods to determine the spatial scale and retinotopic logic of intra-areal V1 horizontal connections and inter-areal feedback connections to V1. We have then compared the spatial scales of these connectional systems to the spatial dimensions of the cRF, spatial summation field (SF), and modulatory surround field of macaque V1 neurons. We find that monosynaptic horizontal connections within area V1 are of an appropriate spatial scale to mediate interactions within the SF of V1 neurons and to underlie contrast-dependent changes in SF size. Contrary to common beliefs, these connections cannot fully account for the dimensions of the surround field. The spatial scale of feedback circuits from extrastriate cortex to V1 is, instead, commensurate with the full spatial range of center-surround interactions. Thus these connections could represent an anatomical substrate for contextual modulation and global-to-local integration of visual signals. Feedback projections connect corresponding and equal-sized regions of the visual field in striate and extrastriate cortices and cover anisotropic parts of visual space, unlike V1 horizontal connections that are isotropic in the macaque. V1 isotropic connectivity demonstrates that anisotropic horizontal connections are not necessary to generate orientation selectivity. Anisotropic feedback connections may play a role in contour completion

Tungsten resonance integrals and Doppler coefficients Third quarterly report, Jan. - Mar. 1966

Reactivities, Doppler coefficients, and resonance integrals for tungsten isotope

Aphasia after Left Thalamic Infarction

We Examined a 70-Year-Old Woman Who Became Aphasic after a Left Thalamic Infarction. Computed Tomographic Scan Showed Injury that Was Largely Limited to the Ventral Anterior and Rostral Ventral Lateral Thalamic Nuclei. Speech Was Characterized by Reduced Voice Volume, Impaired Auditory and Reading Comprehension, Perseverations, Intermittent Use of Jargon, Fluctuations in the Ability to Perform Confrontation Naming, Extraneous Intrusions, Verbal Paraphasia, Intact Repetition Skills, and Fluent Speech that Was Laconic But Grammatically Correct. We Propose that the Deficits after Left Thalamic Injury Can Be Grouped into the Following Four Large Clusters: Extrapyramidal Deficits (Decreased or Fading Voice Volume), Deficits in Lexical Access (Anomia, Verbal Paraphasia), Deficits in Vigilance (Neologisms, Intrusions, Fluctuating Performance, Jargon, Perseverations), and Comprehension Defects. © 1984, American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved

The remittances behaviour of the second generation in Europe: altruism or self-interest?

Whereas most research on remittances focuses on first-generation migrants, the aim of this paper is to investigate the remitting behaviour of the host country-born children of migrants - the second generation - in various European cities. Some important studies found that migrant transnationalism is not only a phenomenon for the first generation, but also apply to the second and higher generations, through, among other things, family visits, elder care, and remittances. At the same time, the maintenance of a strong ethnic identity in the ‘host’ society does not necessarily mean that second-generation migrants have strong transnational ties to their ‘home’ country. The data used in this paper is from “The Integration of the European Second Generation” (TIES) project. The survey collected information on approximately 6,250 individuals aged 18-35 with at least one migrant parent from Morocco, Turkey or former Yugoslavia, in 15 European cities, regrouped in 8 ‘countries’. For the purpose of this paper, only analyses for Austria (Linz and Vienna); Switzerland (Basle and Zurich); Germany (Berlin and Frankfurt); France (Paris and Strasbourg); the Netherlands (Amsterdam and Rotterdam); Spain (Barcelona and Madrid); and Sweden (Stockholm) will be presented.