Towards a unification of HRT and SCOZA. Analysis of exactly solvable mean-spherical and generalized mean-spherical models

The hierarchical reference theory (HRT) and the self-consistent Ornstein-Zernike approximation (SCOZA) are two liquid state theories that both furnish a largely satisfactory description of the critical region as well as the phase coexistence and equation of state in general. Furthermore, there are a number of similarities that suggest the possibility of a unification of both theories. Earlier in this respect we have studied consistency between the internal energy and free energy routes. As a next step toward this goal we here consider consistency with the compressibility route too, but we restrict explicit evaluations to a model whose exact solution is known showing that a unification works in that case. The model in question is the mean spherical model (MSM) which we here extend to a generalized MSM (GMSM). For this case, we show that the correct solutions can be recovered from suitable boundary conditions through either of SCOZA or HRT alone as well as by the combined theory. Furthermore, the relation between the HRT-SCOZA equations and those of SCOZA and HRT becomes transparent.Comment: Minimal correction of some typos found during proof reading. Accepted for publication in Phys. Rev.

Dynamics and hysteresis in square lattice artificial spin-ice

Dynamical effects under geometrical frustration are considered in a model for artificial spin ice on a square lattice in two dimensions. Each island of the spin ice has a three-component Heisenberg-like dipole moment subject to shape anisotropies that influence its direction. The model has real dynamics, including rotation of the magnetic degrees of freedom, going beyond the Ising-type models of spin ice. The dynamics is studied using a Langevin equation solved via a second order Heun algorithm. Thermodynamic properties such as the specific heat are presented for different couplings. A peak in specific heat is related to a type of melting-like phase transition present in the model. Hysteresis in an applied magnetic field is calculated for model parameters where the system is able to reach thermodynamic equilibrium.Comment: Revised versio

Beable trajectories for revealing quantum control mechanisms

The dynamics induced while controlling quantum systems by optimally shaped laser pulses have often been difficult to understand in detail. A method is presented for quantifying the importance of specific sequences of quantum transitions involved in the control process. The method is based on a ``beable'' formulation of quantum mechanics due to John Bell that rigorously maps the quantum evolution onto an ensemble of stochastic trajectories over a classical state space. Detailed mechanism identification is illustrated with a model 7-level system. A general procedure is presented to extract mechanism information directly from closed-loop control experiments. Application to simulated experimental data for the model system proves robust with up to 25% noise.Comment: Latex, 20 pages, 13 figure

Fire dynamics during the 20th century simulated by the Community Land Model

Fire is an integral Earth System process that interacts with climate in multiple ways. Here we assessed the parametrization of fires in the Community Land Model (CLM-CN) and improved the ability of the model to reproduce contemporary global patterns of burned areas and fire emissions. In addition to wildfires we extended CLM-CN to account for fires related to deforestation. We compared contemporary fire carbon emissions predicted by the model to satellite-based estimates in terms of magnitude and spatial extent as well as interannual and seasonal variability. Long-term trends during the 20th century were compared with historical estimates. Overall we found the best agreement between simulation and observations for the fire parametrization based on the work by Arora and Boer (2005). We obtained substantial improvement when we explicitly considered human caused ignition and fire suppression as a function of population density. Simulated fire carbon emissions ranged between 2.0 and 2.4 Pg C/year for the period 1997–2004. Regionally the simulations had a low bias over Africa and a high bias over South America when compared to satellite-based products. The net terrestrial carbon source due to land use change for the 1990s was 1.2 Pg C/year with 11% stemming from deforestation fires. During 2000–2004 this flux decreased to 0.85 Pg C/year with a similar relative contribution from deforestation fires. Between 1900 and 1960 we predicted a slight downward trend in global fire emissions caused by reduced fuels as a consequence of wood harvesting and also by increases in fire suppression. The model predicted an upward trend during the last three decades of the 20th century as a result of climate variations and large burning events associated with ENSO-induced drought conditions

Quantitative or momentum-based multi-style rotation? UK experience

The objective of this article is to examine whether short-term variation in the ranking of size and style index returns in the UK equity market is better predictable and exploitable by means of quantitative or momentum style-rotation strategies. Using UK index data, we assess the profitability of a number of long-only and long/short multi-stylerotation strategies based on these two alternative methods. The findings suggest that trading rules based on simple short-term momentum strategies are able to generate higher Sharpe ratios and greater end-of-period wealth at a reasonable level of transaction costs than our quantitatively based trading rules. This result is particularly pronounced among the long-only strategies

Analisis Curahan Tenaga Kerja Wanita Tani Pada Usahatani Bawang Merah Tuk-Tuk Di Desa Fatuketi Kecamatan Kakuluk Mesak Kabupaten Belu

This research was conducted to know: 1) the amount of farmer women labor alocation on Tuk-Tuk shallot farming 2) the revenues of Tuk-Tuk shallot farming and 3) the contribution of farmer women revenues on Tuk-Tuk shallot farming toward farmer household revenues at Fatuketi Village, KakulukMesakSub-District,Belu Regency. Fatuketi Village was selected as research location using purposive sampling technique. Data collection was conducted in February 2019 and data analysis was performed using descriptive analysis.The variables measured were the alocation of women labor (MD), the revenues from tuk-tuk shallot farming (Rp), and the contribution of farmer women revenues on tuk-tuk shallot farming toward farmer household revenues(%). The results showed that (1) the average alocation of females farmer's work time on Tuk-Tuk shallot farming was 17.1 MDcomprised land preparation and processing 1.7 MD, nursery 3,1 MD, planting 1,1 MD, Fertilizing 0.9 MD, maintenance 8,4 MD, harvesting 0.9 MD, and post-harvest 0.9 MD. (2) the total revenues obtained from tuk-tuk shallot farming was Rp. 10.897.500, - (3) the revenues of farmer women on tuk-tuk shallot farming wasRp. 3.149.973, and (4) contribution of farmer women revenues to thefarmer household revenueswas 28,90%.This value indicated that the farmer women revenues contribution was small Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui; 1) besarnya curahan tenaga kerja wanita pada usahatani bawang merah tuk-tuk, 2) penerimaan usahatani bawang merah tuk-tuk dan 3) kontribusi penerimaanwanitatanipadausahatanibawang merah tuk-tuk terhadap penerimaanrumahtanggapetanidi Desa Fatuketi Kecamatan Kakuluk Mesak Kabupaten Belu. Desa Fatuketi dipilih sebagai lokasi penelitian menggunakan teknik purposive sampling. Pengumpulan data dilakukan pada bulan februari 2019 dan analisis data dilakukan menggunakan analisis deskriptif. Variabel yang diukur adalah besar curahan tenaga kerja wanita (HKO), penerimaan usahatani bawang merah tuk-tuk (Rp), dan Kontribusi penerimaan wanita pada usahatani bawang merah tuk-tuk terhadap pendapatan rumah tangga (%). Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa (1) rerata curahan waktu kerja wanita tani pada usahatani bawang merah tuk-tuk sebesar 17,1 HKO dengan rincian pengolahan lahan 1,7 HKO, persemaian 3,1 HKO, penanaman 1,1 HKO, Pemupukan 0,9 HKO, perawatan 8,4 HKO, pemanenan 0,9 HKO, dan pasca panen 0,9 HKO.(2) penerimaan usahatani bawang merah tuk-tuk sebesar Rp. 10.897.500, (3) penerimaan wanita tani dalam usahatani bawang merah tuk-tuk adalah sebesar Rp. 3.149.973, dan (4) kontribusi penerimaan wanita tani terhadap penerimaan usahatani adalah sebesar 28,90%. Nilai tersebut menunjukan kontribusi penerimaan wanita tani tergolong kecil

An integrated approach to cardioprotection in lymphomas

In potentially curable cancers, long-term survival depends not only on the successful treatment of the malignancy but also on the risks associated with treatment-related toxicity, especially cardiotoxicity. Malignant lymphomas affect patients at any age, with acute and late toxicity risks that could have a severe effect on morbidity, mortality, and quality of life. Although our understanding of chemotherapy-associated and radiotherapy-associated cardiovascular disease has advanced considerably, new drugs with potential cardiotoxicity have been introduced for the treatment of lymphomas. In this Review, we summarise the mechanisms of treatment-related cardiac injury, available clinical data, and protocols for optimising cardioprotection in lymphomas. We discuss ongoing research strategies to advance our knowledge of the molecular basis of drug-induced and radiation-induced toxicity. Additionally, we emphasise the potential for personalised follow-up and early detection, including the role of biomarkers and novel diagnostic tests, highlighting the role of the cardio-oncology team

Simulating the Biogeochemical and Biogeophysical Impacts of Transient Land Cover Change and Wood Harvest in the Community Climate System Model (CCSM4) from 1850 to 2100

This is the publisher's version, also available electronically from http://journals.ametsoc.org/doi/abs/10.1175/JCLI-D-11-00256.1.To assess the climate impacts of historical and projected land cover change in the Community Climate System Model, version 4 (CCSM4), new time series of transient Community Land Model, version 4 (CLM4) plant functional type (PFT) and wood harvest parameters have been developed. The new parameters capture the dynamics of the Coupled Model Intercomparison Project phase 5 (CMIP5) land cover change and wood harvest trajectories for the historical period from 1850 to 2005 and for the four representative concentration pathway (RCP) scenarios from 2006 to 2100. Analysis of the biogeochemical impacts of land cover change in CCSM4 reveals that the model produced a historical cumulative land use flux of 127.7 PgC from 1850 to 2005, which is in general agreement with other global estimates of 156 PgC for the same period. The biogeophysical impacts of the transient land cover change parameters were cooling of the near-surface atmosphere over land by −0.1°C, through increased surface albedo and reduced shortwave radiation absorption. When combined with other transient climate forcings, the higher albedo from land cover change was counteracted by decreasing snow albedo from black carbon deposition and high-latitude warming. The future CCSM4 RCP simulations showed that the CLM4 transient PFT parameters can be used to represent a wide range of land cover change scenarios. In the reforestation scenario of RCP 4.5, CCSM4 simulated a drawdown of 67.3 PgC from the atmosphere into the terrestrial ecosystem and product pools. By contrast the RCP 8.5 scenario with deforestation and high wood harvest resulted in the release of 30.3 PgC currently stored in the ecosystem