Drought-Tolerant Crops for Southern Africa Proceedings of the SADC/ICRISAT Regional Sorghum and Pearl Millet Workshop, 25 - 29 Jul 1994, Gaborone, Botswana

Small-scale farmers in southern Africa have traditionally relied on sorghum and millet to feed their families. Seventy-five delegates from 17 countries participated in the SADC/ICRISAT Regional Sorghum and Pearl M i l l e t Workshop held at Gaborone, Botswana, 25-29 Jul 1994, to discuss ways of improving sustainable food production in semi-arid areas. Recent research on sorghum and pearl millet was reviewed through presentations that discussed the role of three broad disciplines—genetic enhancement, crop protection, and technology transfer—in increasing food security at household level. Priority areas include enhancement of seed production, strategies of crop protection, reliable on-farm trials to identify promising varieties, and more effective technology transfer

Chemical control of sorghum head bugs (Hemiptera: Miridae)

Eight contact and three systemic insecticides, and an enriched neem extract were tested for the control of sorghum head bug, Calocoris angustatus Leth. at the ICRISAT Center. The insecticides were applied at the complete-anthesis and milk stages (at 500 1/ha) with a knapsack sprayer. On the basis of effectiveness of head bug control, grain yield and 1000-grain mass, carbaryl (at 500 g a.i./ha) was the most effective insecticide followed by fenvalerate (at 50 g a.i./ha), and chlorpyrifos (at 250 g a.i./ha). Among the systemic insecticides, demeton-S-methyl (at 250g a.i./ha), was the most effective. Demeton-S-methyl and dimethoate were also effective for the control of other head bug species—Eurystylus bellevoyei Put. and Reut. and Campylomma sp. Plots sprayed with demeton-S-methyl gave higher grain yields than those treated with carbaryl, which was the best contact insecticide. Two sprays of carbaryl (at 500g a.i./ha) applied at the complete-anthesis and milk stages have been found to be effective for head bug control. Dichlorvos, fenitrothion and monocrotophos were highly phytotoxic and resulted in burning and drying of entire leaves. Dimethoate resulted in a slight drying of leaf tips and margins

Screening of Dementia in Portuguese Primary Care: Methodology, Assessment Tools, and Main Results

The objectives of this article are as follows: (1) to describe the assessment protocol used to outline people with probable dementia in Primary Health Care; (2) to show the methodological design and procedure to obtain a representative sample of patients with probable dementia; and (3) to report the main characteristics of the sample collected in the context of the study “Characteristics and needs of people with probable dementia.” The study protocol was based on the “Community Assessment of Risk and Treatment Strategies (CARTS) Program” and is composed by a set of instruments that allow the assessment of older adults with probable dementia in several areas (health, psychological, functionality, and other). Descriptive analysis was used to characterize the final sample (n = 436). The study protocol as well as the methodological procedure to obtain the referral of research participants and data collection on the condition of people with probable dementia in Primary Health Care proved to be a valuable tool to obtain a sample of patients distributed by the full range of probable dementia in a large geographical area. Results may allocate the design of care pathways for old people with cognitive disorders to prevent, delay impairment, and/or optimize quality of life of patients

Kandungan, Resorpsi N dan P Serta Specifi C Leaf Area Daun Kakao (Theobroma Cacao L.) pada Cekaman Kekeringan

Plant nutrient absorptions depend on their environment and plants' stage of development. Beside from soil, nutrient absorption also proceed through resorption in leaves. The resorption efficiency varies based on types of habitat. Drought stress also influences the efficiency of nutrient resorption, growth rate, and plant development. The purpose of this research was to study the change of nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P) content and leaf resorption value of N and P, and specific leaf area of 6-years old cacao grown under drought stress. Research was carried out in a cacao plantation with 7-years old Gliricidia sepium Jacq. as shading trees. The results showed that drought stress with Troughfall Displacement Experiment (TDE) system did not affect the content and resorption level of N and P of cacao leaves. However, N resorption of cacao leaves tended to increase while P resorption decreased. Cacao plants experienced drought stress have the ability to resorp leaf N for 46.64-50.63%, leaf P for 47.98-58.40%, whereas, the control plants had the leaf N resorption of 45.05-52.97%, and leaf P resorption of 36.64-44.10%. Drought stress for 13 months on 6-years old cacao did not affect specifi c leaf area

Avaliação da satisfação e importância atribuída aos serviços prestados na área da saúde mental

Com o objectivo de avaliar o grau de satisfação e importância atribuída aos serviços prestados na consulta na área da saúde mental e identificar as relações entre as variáveis demográficas e o grau de satisfação do utente foi realizado um estudo descritivo transversal, numa amostra de 305 utentes. Com a aplicação do questionário verificamos que a satisfação conjugada com a importância fornece-nos informação valiosa permitindo identificar pontos fortes, oportunidades ou necessidades de melhoria dos serviços. Neste estudo verificamos que os utentes encontram-se satisfeitos com os serviços prestados e consideram-nos importantes. Na análise bivariada, encontramos relação entre a satisfação e escolaridade.In order to evaluate the degree of satisfaction and importance attached to services provided in the consultation on mental health and identify relationships between demographic variables and the degree of user satisfaction was conducted a cross-sectional survey in a sample of 305 users. With the application of the questionnaire we found that satisfaction coupled with the importance provides us with valuable information allowing identifying strengths, opportunities or needs for improved services. In this study we found that users are satisfied with the services provided and consider them important. In bivariate analysis, we found the relationship between satisfaction and education level

Ground state correlations and mean-field in 16^{16}O

We use the coupled cluster expansion ($\exp(S)$ method) to generate the complete ground state correlations due to the NN interaction. Part of this procedure is the calculation of the two-body G matrix inside the nucleus in which it is being used. This formalism is being applied to $^{16}O$ in a configuration space of 50 $\hbar\omega$. The resulting ground state wave function is used to calculate the binding energy and one- and two-body densities for the ground state of $^{16}O$.Comment: 9 pages, 9 figures, LaTe

Componental analysis of the factors influencing resistance to sorghum midge, Contarinia sorghicola Coq.

Field studies were conducted in Andhra Pradesh, India, from 1982 to 1984 to determine components of resistance to the cecidomyiid Contarinia sorghicola in 4 resistant (DJ 6514, AF 28, TAM 2566 and IS I5107) and 2 susceptible (CSH 1 and Swarna) sorghum cultivars. Short floral parts, faster rate of grain development and a high grain tannin content were apparently associated with resistance to the cecidomyiid. Genotypic and phenotypic correlations between the resistance factors were in the same direction (positive or negative) as their association with resistance. Glume g2, lemma 12, anther and lodicule length, rate of grain development based on dry weight (except oviposition) and tannin content of mature grain showed correlation and path coefficients (direct effects) in the same direction, and were considered characters which could be useful criteria to select for resistance to the cecidomyiid. Using D² and canonical cluster analysis, the position of the cultivar AF 28 was distinct from other sources of resistance. However, based on the number of larvae/100 florets, the position of DJ 6514 was distant from TAM 2566 and IS 15107. Based on egg numbers, the number of adults emerged and grain damage, DJ 6514 was grouped with TAM 2566 and IS 15107. The position of the susceptible hybrid CSH 1 was generally distant from the self-pollinating susceptible variety, Swarna. It is concluded that the results indicated that sources of resistance to the cecidomyiid are diverse, and there is a distinct possibility of increasing the levels and diversity of resistance to this pes