Historiography after Revisionism. Remarks on Pomian’s Idea of Writing History

Krzysztof Pomian’s works on history are one of the most interesting theoretical achievements of contemporary humanities. Being one of the prominent revisionists, Pomian took part in an important period of Polish history. Revisionist movement has also played an important role in shaping some basic ideas of Pomian’s later work. Article shows the meaning of revisionism in Polish tradition concerning historiography, and more specifically the meaning of Pomian’s ideas on historiography

Eurosceptycyzm znad Wełtawy. Inspiracja brytyjska czy oryginalny wariant czeskich konserwatystów?

The aim of this paper is to reveal the connections between the British version of Euroskepticism (as one variety of this political and intellectual phenomenon) and its Czech variant, personified by the present President of the Czech Republic – Vaclav Klaus. The paper discusses the fundamental elements of the Euroskeptical outlook that are sometimes presented to public opinion in EU states as ‘Eurorealism.’ The British variety is presented alongside the most important elements of the same concept in France and Denmark. Although Czech Europskepticism refers to numerous significant structural elements of its British predecessor, it has a number of original features. Among others, they result from the geopolitical conditions of Central Europe. The author analyzes the statements of the present Czech president (who once described himself as a Thatcherist) to show his essential influence on the shape of Euroskeptical attitudes on the Vltava. The author also presents the most important foreign policy documents of the former political circles of Vaclav Klaus, i.e. the Civic Democratic Party (ODS), with their Europskeptical overtones. The paper concludes with the author’s observations concerning the similarities and discrepancies between British and Czech attitudes

Przeobrażenia gospodarcze w Polsce w latach 1989-2016

The article has two purposes, to describe situations of transition. One is to identify the distinctive features of the Polish transformation which may explain why the initial, transformational recession implementation of the economic system. The other objective is to discuss the reforms and policies needed for Poland to continue the process of catching up with the most advanced countries transformation has given citizen. what changes occur for the better. What led to the change and what were the results. a summary of the transformation after 25 years. show a deep analysis of the situation in the EU, plans for the future growth and economic plans of the new government

Coronary age, based on coronary calcium measurement, is increased in patients with morbid obesity

Purpose: Obesity is a well-known of risk factor for atherosclerosis. However, recently an "obesity paradox" has been discussed, which is considered as a protective effect of obesity on the development coronary artery disease (CAD). An aim of the study was to investigate the risk of CAD in morbidly obese patients using coronary artery calcium measurement. Material and methods: Fifty-one patients with morbid obesity (BMI ≥ 40 kg/m2) and thirty controls were scanned to determine the amount of coronary artery calcification (CAC), which was expressed as calcium score (CS) and coronary age (CA). The control group consisted of patients scanned for the clinical suspicion of CAD, who did not fulfil the criteria of obesity. Results: Mean BMI of obese patients and controls was 47.3 and 26.5, respectively (p < 0.0001). Arterial hypertension, dyslipidaemia, and smoking were more frequent in the control group than in the obesity group (p < 0.02). The prevalence of CAC was higher in the obesity group (53% vs. 23%, p < 0.01). The groups did not differ regarding CS and CA. However, the difference between coronary age and metrical age was higher in obese patients than in controls (+5.6 vs. -4.8 years, respectively, p < 0.005). Conclusions: Patients with morbid obesity present an increased risk of CAD that is reflected by the difference between their coronary age and metrical age