The project of Zone Atelier Pyrenees-Garonne (ZA PYGAR)Pyrénées-Garonne LTSER

International audienceThe ZA PYGAR project aims at studying the spatial dynamics of socio-ecological systems (SES) in SouthWestern France, going from the Pyrenees mountains to the plains of the Garonne river basin. PYGAR tries to answer three main scientific questions: 1/ What are the respective contributions of climate change and local anthropogenic disturbances to ecosystem changes (biodiversity, bio-physical characteristics)? 2/ How human practices drive ecosystem services? 3/ What are the relationships between resources availability and their accessibility, and the historic and prehistoric human population structure? The main transversal question of PYGAR is the adaption and response time of the different SES to global changes. The SES are studied at different time scales from the last glacial maximum to the present-day. PYGAR clusters 17 Labs (40 full-time permanent staffs: 23 researchers/professors & 17 engineers/technicians) from Toulouse and Bordeaux, supported by the University of Toulouse and several French research organisms (CNRS, INRA, IRSTEA, IRD, CNES, BRGM, Météo France). Socioeconomic partners (companies, farmer's associations…) and public services (Occitania Region, Water Agency…) are strongly interested in the project. PYGAR includes 4 territories (sites ateliers): the central Pyrenees mountain range, the Garonne River, the agricultural hills and valleys of the Gascogne region and the Viaur-Aveyron river basin. The theory of SES provides a valuable tool to set up an interdisciplinary approach to deal with the co-evolution and resilience of the social and ecological templates of the studied systems facing global changes (climate change and land cover)

Genetic diversity, linkage disequilibrium, population structure and construction of a core collection of Prunus avium L. landraces and bred cultivars

A3CInternational audienceDepiction of the genetic diversity, linkage disequilibrium (LD) and population structure is essential for the efficient organization and exploitation of genetic resources. The objectives of this study were to (i) to evaluate the genetic diversity and to detect the patterns of LD, (ii) to estimate the levels of population structure and (iii) to identify a 'core collection' suitable for association genetic studies in sweet cherry.The present study constitutes the first population genetics analysis in cultivated sweet cherry using a medium-density SNP (single nucleotide polymorphism) marker array. We provided estimations of linkage disequilibrium, genetic structure and the definition of a first INRA’s Sweet Cherry core collection useful for breeding programs, germplasm management and association genetics studies

Nuestro vivir en la Amazonía ecuatoriana: entre la finca y el petróleo

El petróleo, "sangre de la tierra", es la principal fuente de energía fósil en el mundo. La Amazonia ecuatoriana, tierra de explotación petrolera y de colonización agrίcola, es símbolo de la riqueza natural del planeta pero también un testigo del daño causado por las actividades humanas. En el corazón de este bosque, de su biodiversidad, de sus recursos y de sus habitantes, se teje el hilo de un viaje científico c interdisciplinario. Este libro comparte saberes, conocimientos e imágenes sobre los impactos y riesgos de las actividades petroleras en el medio ambiente, la salud, la sociedad y refleja las condiciones de vida en la Amazonίa.Le pétrole est le « sang de la terre » et la principale source d'énergie fossile au monde. L'Amazonie équatorienne, terre d'exploitation pétrolière et de colonisation agricole, est un symbole des richesses naturelles de la planète mais aussi un témoin des dommages causés par les activités humaines. Au cœur de cette forêt, de sa biodiversité, de ses ressources et de ses habitants, se tisse le fil d'un voyage scientifique et interdisciplinaire. Ce livre partage des savoirs, des connaissances et des images sur les impacts et risques liés aux activités pétrolières sur l'environnement, la santé, la société et dépeint les conditions de vie en Amazonie