24 research outputs found
Analytical techniques for deoxynivalenol detection and quantification in wheat destined for the manufacture of commercial products
The concern regarding toxicity from the presence of deoxynivalenol (DON) in wheat that affects both economy and public health leads to the need to find appropriate detection methods for determining the degree of DON contamination in terms of the equipment available and the speed required for obtaining the incidence. The objective of this study was to compare the performance of two alternative analytical techniques for DON quantification for use in the food industry with a reference technique. Samples of wheat and the commercial by-products were analysed by high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) with an ultraviolet detector as the reference method and the results compared with those obtained from a rapid lateral-flow immunochromatographic device (Reveal Q+) and of a Fourier-transform-infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy technique. Pearson’s correlation coefficient between the HPLC and Reveal-Q+ data (0.45), although significant (P<0.0003), was lower than that obtained between HPLC and the FTIR method (0.94, P<0.0001). Both methods were considered efficient in quantifying DON levels in wheat-flour samples. This study was aimed at assisting the producers in choosing an appropriate tool for the purpose of analysis and upon consideration of the available equipment.Facultad de Ciencias ExactasCentro de Investigación y Desarrollo en Fermentaciones Industriales (CINDEFI
Energy savings measures in compressed air systems
Compressed air is one of the most widely used application energies in the industry, such as good transportability, safety, purity, cleanliness, storage capacity and ease of use. In many countries, compressed air systems account for approximately 10% of the industry’s total electricity consumption. Despite all its advantages, compressed air is expensive, only between 10% and 30% of the energy consumed reaches the point of final use. Energy is lost as heat, leaks, pressure drop, misuse, among others. Energy efficiency measures such as: reducing compressor pressure, lowering air inlet temperature, adequate storage capacity, recovering residual heat from the air compressor and reducing leakage, can produce energy savings between 20% and 60%, with an average return on investment lower than 2 years. This paper analyzes the main energy efficiency measures that can be applied in the CASs, the potential energy savings, implementation costs and return rate of each of them are being calculated giving a necessary tool for companies in their objectives to reduce greenhouse gas emissions and energy consumption
Analytical techniques for deoxynivalenol detection and quantification in wheat destined for the manufacture of commercial products
The concern regarding toxicity from the presence of deoxynivalenol (DON) in wheat that affects both economy and public health leads to the need to find appropriate detection methods for determining the degree of DON contamination in terms of the equipment available and the speed required for obtaining the incidence. The objective of this study was to compare the performance of two alternative analytical techniques for DON quantification for use in the food industry with a reference technique. Samples of wheat and the commercial by-products were analysed by high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) with an ultraviolet detector as the reference method and the results compared with those obtained from a rapid lateral-flow immunochromatographic device (Reveal Q+) and of a Fourier-transform-infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy technique. Pearson’s correlation coefficient between the HPLC and Reveal-Q+ data (0.45), although significant (P<0.0003), was lower than that obtained between HPLC and the FTIR method (0.94, P<0.0001). Both methods were considered efficient in quantifying DON levels in wheat-flour samples. This study was aimed at assisting the producers in choosing an appropriate tool for the purpose of analysis and upon consideration of the available equipment.Facultad de Ciencias ExactasCentro de Investigación y Desarrollo en Fermentaciones Industriales (CINDEFI
Women with psychotic episodes during pregnancy show increased markers of placental damage with Tenney-Parker changes
y. Psychosis is a hazardous and functionally
disruptive psychiatric condition which may affect
women in pregnancy, entailing negative consequences
for maternofetal well-being. The precise pathophysiological basis and consequences of a psychotic episode in
pregnancy remain to be further elucidated. The placenta
is a pivotal tissue with many functions in the gestational
period, critically influencing the fate and development of
pregnancy. Although detrimental alterations have been
observed in women undergoing severe psychiatric
disorders in pregnancy, there are little studies evaluating
the consequences of suffering from a psychotic episode
in the placental tissue In this work, we have evaluated
the histopathological consequences of a first episode of
psychosis in pregnancy (FE-PW; N=22) and compare
them with healthy pregnant women (HC-PW; N=20) by
using histological, immunohistochemical and gene
expression techniques. Our results define that the
placental tissue of FE-PW display an increase in the
number of placental villi, bridges, syncytial knots and
syncytial knots/villi. Besides, we have also observed an
enhanced gene and protein expression in FE-PW of the
hypoxic marker HIF-1α, together with the apoptotic
markers BAX and Bcl-2. To our knowledge, this is the
first study demonstrating significant histopathological
changes in the placenta of women suffering a new-onset
psychotic episode in pregnancy. Further studies should
be aimed at deepening the knowledge about the
pernicious effects of psychosis in the maternofetal
tissues, as well as the potential implications of these
alterations
4to. Congreso Internacional de Ciencia, Tecnología e Innovación para la Sociedad. Memoria académica
Este volumen acoge la memoria académica de la Cuarta edición del Congreso Internacional de Ciencia, Tecnología e Innovación para la Sociedad, CITIS 2017, desarrollado entre el 29 de noviembre y el 1 de diciembre de 2017 y organizado por la Universidad Politécnica Salesiana (UPS) en su sede de Guayaquil.
El Congreso ofreció un espacio para la presentación, difusión e intercambio de importantes investigaciones nacionales e internacionales ante la comunidad universitaria que se dio cita en el encuentro. El uso de herramientas tecnológicas para la gestión de los trabajos de investigación como la plataforma Open Conference Systems y la web de presentación del Congreso http://citis.blog.ups.edu.ec/, hicieron de CITIS 2017 un verdadero referente entre los congresos que se desarrollaron en el país.
La preocupación de nuestra Universidad, de presentar espacios que ayuden a generar nuevos y mejores cambios en la dimensión humana y social de nuestro entorno, hace que se persiga en cada edición del evento la presentación de trabajos con calidad creciente en cuanto a su producción científica.
Quienes estuvimos al frente de la organización, dejamos plasmado en estas memorias académicas el intenso y prolífico trabajo de los días de realización del Congreso Internacional de Ciencia, Tecnología e Innovación para la Sociedad al alcance de todos y todas
Comparative study of analytical techniques for deoxynivalenol detection and quantification in wheat samples destined for the manufacture of commercial products
The concern regarding toxicity from the presence of deoxynivalenol (DON) in wheat that affects both economy and public health leads to the need to find appropriate detection methods for determining the degree of DON contamination in terms of the equipment available and the speed required for obtaining the incidence. The objective of this study was to compare the performance of two alternative analytical techniques for DON quantification for use in the food industry with a reference technique. Samples of wheat and the commercial by-products were analysed by high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) with an ultraviolet detector as the reference method and the results compared with those obtained from a rapid lateral-flow immunochromatographic device (Reveal Q+) and of a Fourier-transform-infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy technique. Pearson?s correlation coefficient between the HPLC and Reveal-Q+ data (0.45), although significant (P<0.0003), was lower than that obtained between HPLC and the FTIR method (0.94, P<0.0001). Both methods were considered efficient in quantifying DON levels in wheat-flour samples. This study was aimed at assisting the producers in choosing an appropriate tool for the purpose of analysis and upon consideration of the available equipment.Fil: Astoreca, Andrea Luciana. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - La Plata. Centro de Investigación y Desarrollo en Fermentaciones Industriales. Universidad Nacional de La Plata. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas. Centro de Investigación y Desarrollo en Fermentaciones Industriales; ArgentinaFil: Ortega, Leonel Maximilano. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - La Plata. Centro de Investigación y Desarrollo en Fermentaciones Industriales. Universidad Nacional de La Plata. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas. Centro de Investigación y Desarrollo en Fermentaciones Industriales; ArgentinaFil: Fígoli, Cecilia Beatríz. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - La Plata. Centro de Investigación y Desarrollo en Fermentaciones Industriales. Universidad Nacional de La Plata. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas. Centro de Investigación y Desarrollo en Fermentaciones Industriales; ArgentinaFil: Cardós, M.. Molino Campodonico; ArgentinaFil: Cavaglieri, Lilia Reneé. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; Argentina. Universidad Nacional de Río Cuarto. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas, Fisicoquímicas y Naturales. Departamento de Microbiología e Inmunología; ArgentinaFil: Bosch, A.. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - La Plata. Centro de Investigación y Desarrollo en Fermentaciones Industriales. Universidad Nacional de La Plata. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas. Centro de Investigación y Desarrollo en Fermentaciones Industriales; ArgentinaFil: Alconada Magliano, Teresa Maria. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - La Plata. Centro de Investigación y Desarrollo en Fermentaciones Industriales. Universidad Nacional de La Plata. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas. Centro de Investigación y Desarrollo en Fermentaciones Industriales; Argentin
Bacterial Translocation Is Linked to Increased Intestinal IFN-γ, IL-4, IL-17, and mucin-2 in Cholestatic Rats
Background and rationale for the study. Bacterial translocation is an important triggering factor of infection and mortality in cirrhosis. In a rat model using bile duct ligation (BDL), bacterial translocation appears within 24 h after ligation. The dynamic between TH1/TH2/TH17 cytokines and the integrity of the colonic mucosa in the context of cirrhosis is little known. This study aims to determine the link between bacterial translocation and intestinal inflammation in a cholestasis model. Additionally, alterations of the colonic mucus layer and the bacterial load were also addressed.Results. Bacterial translocation detected by microbiological cultures and MALDI-TOF showed that Escherichia coli predominates in mesenteric lymph nodes of BDL rats. Intestinal bacterial load analyzed by qPCR indicates a dramatic Escherichia/Shigella overgrowth at 8 and 30 days post-BDL. IFN-γ, IL-4, and IL-17 evaluated by Western blotting were increased at 8 and 30 days in the small intestine. In the colon, in contrast, only IFN-γ was significantly increased. The colonic mucus layer and mucin-2 expression determined by Alcian blue staining and immunohistochemistry surprisingly showed an increase in the mucus layer thickness related to increased mucin-2 expression during the entire process of liver damage. Hepatic enzymes, as well as collagen I, collagen III, TNF-α, and IL-6 liver gene expression were increased.In conclusion, bacterial overgrowth associated with bacterial translocation is linked to the over-expression of IFN-γ, IL-4, IL-17 and mucin-2. These molecules might facilitate the intestinal permeability through exacerbating the inflammatory process and disturbing tight junctions, leading to the perpetuation of the liver damage
Prognostic role of IRS-4 in the survival of patients with pancreatic cancer
Pancreatic cancer is a malignancy of rising
incidence, especially in developed countries due to
causes such as sedentary lifestyles, tobacco smoking and
ultraprocessed high fat and high sugar diets, amongst
others. It is in fact the 7th cause of cancer-related deaths
worldwide, and, in the following years, it is expected to
climb upwards to 2nd position, after lung cancer. This is
because it may have an asymptomatic course, and when
it becomes evident it is in advanced stages, accompanied
by metastasis generally. For this reason, survival rates
are so low and, even in the few successful cases there is
a high possibility of recurrence. Identifying new
molecular biomarkers is arising as a highly useful tool
for pancreatic cancer clinical management, although
much research and work remain to be done in this field.
Thus, the present study aims to analyze a series of
molecules (IRS-4, Rb1, Ki-67 y COX-2) as candidates
for prognosis and survival by immunohistochemistry
techniques. Additionally, a 60-month longitudinal
surveillance program was conducted, associated with
diverse clinical parameters. Kaplan-Meier curves
estimating the time of survival according to tumoral
expression of those molecules denoted a low cumulative
survival rate. Importantly, we observed that high levels
of IRS-4 were significantly associated with a bad
prognosis of the disease, increasing 160 times the
mortality risk. In this way, our research showed a
relevant value of these biomarkers in pancreatic cancer
patients’ survival, opening a pathway for future research
areas designed to inhibit these component