327 research outputs found
N-Relaxion: Large Field Excursions from a Few Site Relaxion Model
Relaxion models are an interesting new avenue to explain the radiative
stability of the Standard Model scalar sector. They require very large field
excursions, which are difficult to generate in a consistent UV completion and
to reconcile with the compact field space of the relaxion. We propose an N-site
model which naturally generates the large decay constant needed to address
these issues. Our model offers distinct advantages with respect to previous
proposals: the construction involves non-abelian fields, allowing for
controlled high energy behaviour and more model building possibilities, both in
particle physics and inflationary models, and also admits a continuum limit
when the number of sites is large, which may be interpreted as a warped extra
dimension.Comment: 7 pages, 2 figures; v2: version to appear in PR
Improving the room-temperature ferromagnetism in ZnO and low-doped ZnO:Ag films using GLAD sputtering
ZnO and doped ZnO films with non-ferromagnetic metal have been widely used as biosensor elements. In these studies, the electrochemical measurements are explored, though the electrical impedance of the system. In this sense, the ferromagnetic properties of the material can be used for multifunctionalization of the sensor element using external magnetic fields during the measurements. Within this context, we investigate the room-temperature ferromagnetism in pure ZnO and Ag-doped ZnO films presenting zigzag-like columnar geometry. Specifically, we focus on the films’ structural and quasi-static magnetic properties and disclose that they evolve with the doping of low-Ag concentrations and the columnar geometry employed during the deposition. The magnetic characterization reveals ferromagnetic behavior at room temperature for all studied samples, including the pure ZnO one. By considering computational simulations, we address the origin of ferromagnetism in ZnO and Ag-doped ZnO and interpret our results in terms of the Zn vacancy dynamics, its substitution by an Ag atom in the site, and the influence of the columnar geometry on the magnetic properties of the films. Our findings bring to light an exciting way to induce/explore the room-temperature ferromagnetism of a non-ferromagnetic metal-doped semiconductor as a promising candidate for biosensor applications.This works was partially supported by the Brazilian agencies CNPq and CAPES.
Furthermore, this work was also supported by the Portuguese Foundation for Science and Technology
(FCT) in the framework of the Strategic Funding UID/FIS/04650/2019 and project PTDC/BTMMAT/28237/2017. A. Ferreira thanks FCT for the contract under the Stimulus of Scientific Employment (CTTI-31/18–CF (2) junior researcher contract). RMT thanks the Center for Computational
Engineering & Sciences (CCES) at Unicamp for financial support through the FAPESP/CEPID Grant
2013/08293-7. LDM would also like to thank the support of the High-Performance Computing Center
at UFRN (NPAD/UFRN). The work reported in this paper was supported by On-Surf Mobilizar
Competencias Tecnologicas em Engenharia de Superficies, Project POCI-01-0247-FEDER-024521
March1-dependent modulation of donor MHC II on CD103+ dendritic cells mitigates alloimmunity.
In transplantation, donor dendritic cells (do-DCs) initiate the alloimmune response either by direct interaction with host T cells or by transferring intact donor MHC to host DCs. However, how do-DCs can be targeted for improving allograft survival is still unclear. Here we show CD103+ DCs are the major do-DC subset involved in the acute rejection of murine skin transplants. In the absence of CD103+ do-DCs, less donor MHC-II is carried to host lymph nodes, fewer allogenic T cells are primed and allograft survival is prolonged. Incubation of skin grafts with the anti-inflammatory mycobacterial protein DnaK reduces donor MHC-II on CD103+DCs and prolongs graft survival. This effect is mediated through IL-10-induced March1, which ubiquitinates and decreases MHC-II levels. Importantly, in vitro pre-treatment of human DCs with DnaK reduces their ability to prime alloreactive T cells. Our findings demonstrate a novel therapeutic approach to dampen alloimmunity by targeting donor MHC-II on CD103+DCs
Characteristics of resistance training-based protocols in older adults with sarcopenic obesity: a scoping review of training procedure recommendations
Background: Sarcopenic obesity (SO) is a clinical and functional disease
characterized by the coexistence of obesity and sarcopenia. Resistance training
(RT) characteristics for older adults with sarcopenia or obesity are already well
established in the scientific literature. Nonetheless, we still do not know how
detailed the RT protocols are described for older adults with SO. Therefore, we
aimed to analyze the characteristics of RT programs, including each of their
variables, recommended for older adults with SO.
Methods: This is a scoping review study that was conducted in accordance
with the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analysis
for Scoping Reviews. The search was carried out until November 2022 in
PubMed/MEDLINE, EMBASE, Cochrane Library, Web of Science, Scopus, LILACS,
Google Scholar, and medRxiv databases. The studies included SO diagnosis and
RT as an intervention strategy. The RT variables analyzed were as follows: exercise
selection, the volume of sets, the intensity of load, repetition cadence, rest interval
between sets, and weekly frequency.
Results: A total of 1,693 studies were identified. After applying the exclusion
criteria, 15 studies were included in the final analysis. The duration of the RT
intervention ranged from 8 to 24 weeks. All studies included full-body routines,
with single/multi-joint exercises. Regarding the volume of sets, some studies fixed
it in three sets, whereas others varied between one and three sets. The load was
reported by repetition range and the weight lifted, elastic-band color/resistance,
percentage of one repetition maximum, or perceived exertion scale. Repetition
cadence was fixed in some studies, while it was self-selected between concentric
and eccentric phases in others. The interval between sets of rest varied from
30 to 180 s. All studies reported progression overload during the interventions.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio
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