O encontro com o crack: inicio, tempo, quantidade diária e formas de uso

The aim of this study was to discover trajectories of use as well as consumption patterns among those who use crack. This is a descriptive-exploratory study with a qualitative approach, conducted with 14 individuals monitored by the Reduced Harm Strategy in the city of Pelotas/RS, using a semi-structured interview. The results indicate that the majority of users’ first contact with illegal drugs was with marihuana and other forms of cocaine, before choosing crack as their drug of choice. Although crack use is compulsive, there are those who manage to control their use of substance.O objetivo desta pesquisa foi conhecer as trajetórias de uso, assim como o padrão de consumo da substância entre pessoas que consomem crack. Trata-se de um estudo descritivo-exploratório com abordagem qualitativa, realizado por meio de entrevista semiestruturada, com 14 pessoas acompanhadas pela Estratégia de Redução de Danos da cidade de Pelotas/RS. Os resultados apontam que a maioria dos usuários teve o primeiro contato com drogas ilícitas utilizando a maconha e outras formas de administração da cocaína até elegerem o crack como droga de escolha. Embora o uso de crack seja de forma compulsiva há aqueles que conseguem fazer um uso controlado da substância.El objetivo de esta investigación fue conocer las trayectorias de uso, así como el patrón de consumo de la sustancia entre consumidores de crack. Se trata de un estudio descriptivoexploratorio con enfoque cualitativo, realizado por medio de entrevista semiestructurada, con 14 personas, acompañadas por la Estrategia de Reducción de Daños, realizada en la ciudad de Pelotas, estado Rio Grande do Sur. Los resultados apuntan que la mayoría de usuarios tuvo su primer contacto con la drogas ilícitas utilizando mariguana y otras formas de administración de la cocaína hasta que eligieron el crack como su drogapersonal . Aunque el crack genere uso compulsivo, algunas personal consiguen hacer un uso controlado de la sustancia

Contexto de vida de pessoas usuárias de drogas na perspectiva de gênero

Objetivo: Caracterizar o contexto de vida e vulnerabilidade de pessoas usuárias de drogas na perspectiva do gênero. Método: Estudo transversal exploratório com 505 usuários de drogas. Foram consideradas as variáveis: sexo, perfil socioeconômico e eventos ocorridos no último ano. Resultados: Observa-se que mulheres usuárias de drogas, mesmo em menor número do que os homens, apresentam maior ocorrência de violência sofrida e abuso sexual, perda de seus filhos para o conselho tutelar e mudanças em seus hábitos de vida, como o sono. Conclusões: É necessário refletir a respeito do desenvolvimento de políticas públicas sobre a atenção oferecida para as pessoas que considerem a perspectiva de gênero

Brazilian Flora 2020: Leveraging the power of a collaborative scientific network

International audienceThe shortage of reliable primary taxonomic data limits the description of biological taxa and the understanding of biodiversity patterns and processes, complicating biogeographical, ecological, and evolutionary studies. This deficit creates a significant taxonomic impediment to biodiversity research and conservation planning. The taxonomic impediment and the biodiversity crisis are widely recognized, highlighting the urgent need for reliable taxonomic data. Over the past decade, numerous countries worldwide have devoted considerable effort to Target 1 of the Global Strategy for Plant Conservation (GSPC), which called for the preparation of a working list of all known plant species by 2010 and an online world Flora by 2020. Brazil is a megadiverse country, home to more of the world's known plant species than any other country. Despite that, Flora Brasiliensis, concluded in 1906, was the last comprehensive treatment of the Brazilian flora. The lack of accurate estimates of the number of species of algae, fungi, and plants occurring in Brazil contributes to the prevailing taxonomic impediment and delays progress towards the GSPC targets. Over the past 12 years, a legion of taxonomists motivated to meet Target 1 of the GSPC, worked together to gather and integrate knowledge on the algal, plant, and fungal diversity of Brazil. Overall, a team of about 980 taxonomists joined efforts in a highly collaborative project that used cybertaxonomy to prepare an updated Flora of Brazil, showing the power of scientific collaboration to reach ambitious goals. This paper presents an overview of the Brazilian Flora 2020 and provides taxonomic and spatial updates on the algae, fungi, and plants found in one of the world's most biodiverse countries. We further identify collection gaps and summarize future goals that extend beyond 2020. Our results show that Brazil is home to 46,975 native species of algae, fungi, and plants, of which 19,669 are endemic to the country. The data compiled to date suggests that the Atlantic Rainforest might be the most diverse Brazilian domain for all plant groups except gymnosperms, which are most diverse in the Amazon. However, scientific knowledge of Brazilian diversity is still unequally distributed, with the Atlantic Rainforest and the Cerrado being the most intensively sampled and studied biomes in the country. In times of “scientific reductionism”, with botanical and mycological sciences suffering pervasive depreciation in recent decades, the first online Flora of Brazil 2020 significantly enhanced the quality and quantity of taxonomic data available for algae, fungi, and plants from Brazil. This project also made all the information freely available online, providing a firm foundation for future research and for the management, conservation, and sustainable use of the Brazilian funga and flora