Performance of lactate in discriminating bacterial meningitis from enteroviral meningitis

The cytological and biochemical examination of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) has been used for the presumed diagnosis of bacterial meningitis until the final microbiological results are achieved. We assessed the ability of CSF lactate in comparison with other CSF parameters to discriminate bacterial and enteroviral community acquired meningitis. We included 1,187 CSF samples of acute community-acquired meningitis, being 662 cases of bacterial and 525 of enteroviral meningitis. Lactate concentration (mg/dL), leukocyte count/mm3 , protein (mg/dL), and glucose (mg/dL) were compared between bacterial and viral meningitis. Receiver operator characteristic (ROC) curves were used to assess diagnostic performance. CSF leukocytes, CSF protein and CSF lactate were significantly higher in bacterial meningitis cases (P<0.0001). CSF glucose was significantly lower in bacterial meningitis cases (P<0.0001). CSF lactate showed the best predictive ability with an area under the curve of 0.944 (95% CI 0.929 – 0.959). Considering a cut off of CSF lactate of 30 mg/dL, the sensitivity and specificity for bacterial meningitis were 84.1% and 99%, respectively. In the cytological and biochemical CSF analysis, CSF lactate was the most accurate marker for bacterial meningitis

A esclerose múltipla em uma abordagem metabolômica untargeted por espectrometria de massas

Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a chronic autoimmune chronic inflammatory neurological disease of the central nervous system (CNS) that attacks the myelin sheath causing its destruction to varying degrees. The cause of MS is unknown and the most accepted theory involves combining genetic susceptibility with a non-genetic trigger in addition to a conducive immune system and contributing factors in the CNS. There is still no biological marker capable of detecting MS or predicting the prognosis of the disease or its clinical evolution. There are several possible biomarkers, but they still remain clinically relevant and none have the sensitivity and reliability to diagnose MS and monitor the course of the disease. The objective of clinical research in the area of demyelinating diseases and mainly MS is to find biomarkers that make it possible to evidence subclinical disease, disease activity or allow evaluation of treatment. This study analyzed by mass spectrometry cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) metabolic aspects in patients with suspected and confirmed diagnosis of Multiple Sclerosis with the objective and to discover a biomarker able to differentiate non-diseased persons from people diagnosed with multiple sclerosis in addition to being able to differentiate different classifications of multiple sclerosis. The untarget analysis performed demonstrated that there are viable means of differentiating patients with multiple sclerosis from normal individuals in addition to differentiating patients from different MS types. Through the analysis by PCA, PLS-DA, VIP and Heat map, it was possible to evidence a possible candidate for biomarker. This biomarker candidate is already cited in the literature. However, there are still few studies that show the mechanism and the relationship of decreased phosphatidylcholine levels in CSF samples. It is believed that the levels of this potential biomarker is directly related to the increased age of affected patients.A esclerose múltipla (EM) é uma doença neurológica inflamatória crônica autoimune do sistema nervoso central (SNC) que agride a bainha de mielina causando sua destruição em graus variados. A causa da EM é desconhecida e a teoria mais aceita envolve a combinação da suscetibilidade genética com um gatilho não genético associado a um sistema imune propício e fatores contribuintes no SNC. Ainda não existe marcador biológico capaz de detectar a EM ou prever o prognóstico da doença nem sua evolução clínica. Existem vários possíveis biomarcadores, mas ainda permanecem sem relevância clínica e nenhum possui sensibilidade e confiabilidade para diagnosticar EM e monitorar o curso da doença. O objetivo da pesquisa clínica na área de doenças desmielinizantes e principalmente EM é encontrar biomarcadores que possibilitem evidenciar doença subclínica, a atividade da doença ou permitam avaliação do tratamento. Este estudo analisou por cromatografia líquida acoplada à espectrometria de massas (LC-MS) aspectos metabolômicos de líquido cefalorraquidiano (Líquor - LCR) em pacientes com suspeita e diagnóstico confirmado de EM com o objetivo de descobrir um biomarcador capaz de diferenciar pessoas não doentes de pessoas com o diagnóstico de esclerose múltipla e caracterizar as diferentes classificações de EM. Neste trabalho, a análise LC-MS com abordagem untarget demonstrou que existem meios viáveis de diferenciar pacientes com EM de indivíduos normais e diferenciar pacientes de diferentes tipos de EM. Através de análises estatísticas como PCA, PLS-DA, da VIP e do Heat map consegui-se evidenciar um possível candidato a biomarcador, a fosfatidilcolina. Entretanto, ainda há poucos estudos que mostram o mecanismo e a relação da diminuição dos níveis de fosfatidilcolina em amostras de líquor. Acredita-se que os níveis deste potencial biomarcador está diretamente relacionado com o aumento da idade de pacientes afetados.Dados abertos - Sucupira - Teses e dissertações (2019

Performance of lactate in discriminating bacterial meningitis from enteroviral meningitis

ABSTRACT The cytological and biochemical examination of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) has been used for the presumed diagnosis of bacterial meningitis until the final microbiological results are achieved. We assessed the ability of CSF lactate in comparison with other CSF parameters to discriminate bacterial and enteroviral community acquired meningitis. We included 1,187 CSF samples of acute community-acquired meningitis, being 662 cases of bacterial and 525 of enteroviral meningitis. Lactate concentration (mg/dL), leukocyte count/mm3, protein (mg/dL), and glucose (mg/dL) were compared between bacterial and viral meningitis. Receiver operator characteristic (ROC) curves were used to assess diagnostic performance. CSF leukocytes, CSF protein and CSF lactate were significantly higher in bacterial meningitis cases (P<0.0001). CSF glucose was significantly lower in bacterial meningitis cases (P<0.0001). CSF lactate showed the best predictive ability with an area under the curve of 0.944 (95% CI 0.929 – 0.959). Considering a cut off of CSF lactate of 30 mg/dL, the sensitivity and specificity for bacterial meningitis were 84.1% and 99%, respectively. In the cytological and biochemical CSF analysis, CSF lactate was the most accurate marker for bacterial meningitis