2,505 research outputs found
Charmonium Suppression - Interplay of Hadronic and Partonic Degrees of Freedom
Last year the E866-group of the Fermilab measured the dependence of
and suppression in collisions. We discuss two of the
effects found in that experiment with regard to color coherence effects: the
different suppression of the and the at and the
significant suppression of both at large . The small regions is
dominated by fully formed charmonium states and thus enables us to discuss the
formation time and the cross section of the different charmonium states. In the
large region the interaction of the charmonium states with nuclear matter
has to be described by partonic degrees of freedom, because in that kinematic
domain the formation time is much larger than the nuclear radii. The
understanding of this region will be crucial for the interpretation of the data
of the future heavy ion colliders RHIC and LHC.Comment: 4 pages, 1 table, 1 figure, Contribution to the Proceedings of the
15th Particles and Nuclei International Conference (PANIC 99), Uppsala,
Sweden, June 10-16, 199
Polarization Diffusion from Spacetime Uncertainty
A model of Lorentz invariant random fluctuations in photon polarization is
presented. The effects are frequency dependent and affect the polarization of
photons as they propagate through space. We test for this effect by confronting
the model with the latest measurements of polarization of Cosmic Microwave
Background (CMB) photons.Comment: 4 pages, 1 figur
An Anomalous Component of Galactic Emission
We present results from microwave background observations at the Owens Valley
Radio Observatory. These observations, at 14.5 and 32 GHz, are designed to
detect intrinsic anisotropy on scales of 7'. After point source removal, we
detect significant emission with temperature spectral index beta ~ -2 towards
the North Celestial Pole (NCP). Comparison of our data with the IRAS 100 micron
map of the same fields reveals a strong correlation between this emission and
the infrared dust emission. From the lack of detectable H-alpha emission, we
conclude that the signals are consistent either with flat-spectrum synchrotron
radiation, or with free-free emission from T_e ~ 10^6 K gas, probably
associated with a large HI feature known as the NCP Loop. Assuming beta = -2.2,
our data indicate a conversion T_f/I_(100 micron) = 0.075*nu(GHz)^-2.2
K/(MJy/sr).
The detection of such a component suggests that we should be cautious in any
assumptions made regarding foregrounds when designing experiments to map the
microwave background radiation.Comment: 6 pages, Latex, 3 Postscript figures, uses aas2pp4.st
Preoperative systemic inflammation predicts postoperative infectious complications in patients undergoing curative resection for colorectal cancer
The presence of systemic inflammation before surgery, as evidenced by the glasgow prognostic score (mGPS), predicts poor long-term survival in colorectal cancer. The aim was to examine the relationship between the preoperative mGPS and the development of postoperative complications in patients undergoing potentially curative resection for colorectal cancer. Patients (n=455) who underwent potentially curative resections between 2003 and 2007 were assessed consecutively, and details were recorded in a database. The majority of patients presented for elective surgery (85%) were over the age of 65 years (70%), were male (58%), were deprived (53%), and had TNM stage I/II disease (61%), had preoperative haemoglobin (56%), white cell count (87%) and mGPS 0 (58%) in the normal range. After surgery, 86 (19%) patients developed a postoperative complication; 70 (81%) of which were infectious complications. On multivariate analysis, peritoneal soiling (P<0.01), elevated preoperative white cell count (P<0.05) and mGPS (P<0.01) were independently associated with increased risk of developing a postoperative infection. In elective patients, only the mGPS (OR=1.75, 95% CI=1.17-2.63, P=0.007) was significantly associated with increased risk of developing a postoperative infection. Preoperative elevated mGPS predicts increased postoperative infectious complications in patients undergoing potentially curative resection for colorectal cancer
Genomic repeat abundances contain phylogenetic signal
A large proportion of genomic information, particularly repetitive elements, is usually ignored when researchers are using next-generation sequencing. Here we demonstrate the usefulness of this repetitive fraction in phylogenetic analyses, utilizing comparative graph-based clustering of next-generation sequence reads, which results in abundance estimates of different classes of genomic repeats. Phylogenetic trees are then inferred based on the genome-wide abundance of different repeat types treated as continuously varying characters; such repeats are scattered across chromosomes and in angiosperms can constitute a majority of nuclear genomic DNA. In six diverse examples, five angiosperms and one insect, this method provides generally well-supported relationships at interspecific and intergeneric levels that agree with results from more standard phylogenetic analyses of commonly used markers. We propose that this methodology may prove especially useful in groups where there is little genetic differentiation in standard phylogenetic markers. At the same time as providing data for phylogenetic inference, this method additionally yields a wealth of data for comparative studies of genome evolution
Overview of charm production at RHIC
In this presentation, I discussed a) the charm total cross-section and its
comparisons to measurements at other beam energies and pQCD calculations; b)
the semileptonic decay of charmed hadrons and the sensitivity of non-photonic
leptons to charm quark collective flow and freeze-out; c) semileptonic decayed
electron spectrum at high transverse momentum, its comparison to FONLL in p+p
and d+Au collisions, and heavy-quark energy loss in Au+Au collisions.Comment: 8 pages, 4 figures, overview talk at SQM2006: Strangeness in Quark
Matter Los Angeles, CA, Mar. 26-31, 2006; minor text changes and references
adde
A Multi-Wavelength Mass Analysis of RCS2 J232727.6-020437, a ~3x10M Galaxy Cluster at z=0.7
We present an initial study of the mass and evolutionary state of a massive
and distant cluster, RCS2 J232727.6-020437. This cluster, at z=0.6986, is the
richest cluster discovered in the RCS2 project. The mass measurements presented
in this paper are derived from all possible mass proxies: X-ray measurements,
weak-lensing shear, strong lensing, Sunyaev Zel'dovich effect decrement, the
velocity distribution of cluster member galaxies, and galaxy richness. While
each of these observables probe the mass of the cluster at a different radius,
they all indicate that RCS2 J232727.6-020437 is among the most massive clusters
at this redshift, with an estimated mass of M_200 ~3 x10^15 h^-1 Msun. In this
paper, we demonstrate that the various observables are all reasonably
consistent with each other to within their uncertainties. RCS2 J232727.6-020437
appears to be well relaxed -- with circular and concentric X-ray isophotes,
with a cool core, and no indication of significant substructure in extensive
galaxy velocity data.Comment: 19 pages, 15 figures, submitted to ApJ on March 5, 2015; in press.
Manuscript revised following the referee revie
HI Narrow Self-Absorption in Dark Clouds: Correlations with Molecular Gas and Implications for Cloud Evolution and Star Formation
We present the results of a comparative study of HI narrow self-absorption
(HINSA), OH, 13CO, and C18O in five dark clouds. The HINSA follows the
distribution of the emission of the carbon monoxide isotopologues, and has a
characteristic size close to that of 13CO. This confirms that the HINSA is
produced by cold HI which is well mixed with molecular gas in well-shielded
regions. The ratio of the atomic hydrogen density to total proton density for
these sources is 5 to 27 x 10^{-4}. Using cloud temperatures and the density of
HI, we set an upper limit to the cosmic ray ionization rate of 10^{-16} s^{-1}.
Comparison of observed and modeled fractional HI abundances indicates ages for
these clouds to be 10^{6.5} to 10^{7} yr. The low values of the HI density we
have determined make it certain that the time scale for evolution from an
atomic to an almost entirely molecular phase, must be a minimum of several
million years. This clearly sets a lower limit to the overall time scale for
star formation and the lifetime of molecular clouds
The C-Band All-Sky Survey (C-BASS): Constraining diffuse Galactic radio emission in the North Celestial Pole region
The C-Band All-Sky Survey C-BASS is a high-sensitivity all-sky radio survey
at an angular resolution of 45 arcmin and a frequency of 4.7 GHz. We present a
total intensity 4.7 GHz map of the North Celestial Pole (NCP) region of sky,
above declination +80 deg, which is limited by source confusion at a level of
~0.6 mK rms. We apply the template-fitting (cross-correlation) technique to
WMAP and Planck data, using the C-BASS map as the synchrotron template, to
investigate the contribution of diffuse foreground emission at frequencies
~20-40 GHz. We quantify the anomalous microwave emission (AME) that is
correlated with far-infrared dust emission. The AME amplitude does not change
significantly (<10%) when using the higher frequency C-BASS 4.7 GHz template
instead of the traditional Haslam 408 MHz map as a tracer of synchrotron
radiation. We measure template coefficients of and
K per unit when using the Haslam and C-BASS synchrotron templates,
respectively. The AME contributes K rms at 22.8 GHz and accounts
for ~60% of the total foreground emission. Our results suggest that a harder
(flatter spectrum) component of synchrotron emission is not dominant at
frequencies >5 GHz; the best-fitting synchrotron temperature spectral index is
from 4.7 to 22.8 GHz and from 22.8 to
44.1 GHz. Free-free emission is weak, contributing ~K rms (~7%) at 22.8
GHz. The best explanation for the AME is still electric dipole emission from
small spinning dust grains.Comment: 18 pages, 6 figures, version matches version accepted by MNRA
Quarkonia production at RHIC
Quarkonia (J/Psi, Psi', Upsilon) production provides a sensitive probe of
gluon distributions and their modification in nuclei; and is a leading probe of
the hot-dense (deconfined) matter created in high-energy collisions of heavy
ions. I will discuss our current understanding of the modification of gluon
distributions in nuclei and other cold-nuclear-matter effects in the context of
recent p-p and p(d)-A quarkonia measurements. Then I will review the latest
results for nucleus-nucleus collisions from RHIC, and together with the
baseline results from d-A and p-p collisions, discuss several alternative
explanations for the observed suppressions and future prospects for
distinguishing these different pictures.Comment: 8 pages including figures, writeup of talk given at Strange Quark
Matter 2006, UCLA 26-31 March, 200
- …