767 research outputs found
Análise da composição físico-química de salames coloniais e bacons comercializados no município de Concórdia, Santa Catarina.
Projeto/Plano de Ação: 01.06.06.001
Large-scale tests of a low-rise unreinforced masonry building system
Issued as final repor
Delocalizing effect of the Hubbard repulsion for electrons on a two-dimensional disordered lattice
We study numerically the ground-state properties of the repulsive Hubbard
model for spin-1/2 electrons on two-dimensional lattices with disordered
on-site energies. The projector quantum Monte Carlo method is used to obtain
very accurate values of the ground-state charge density distributions with
and particles. The difference in these charge densities allows us
to study the localization properties of an added particle. The results obtained
at quarter-filling on finite clusters show that the Hubbard repulsion has a
strong delocalizing effect on the electrons in disordered 2D lattices. However,
numerical restrictions do not allow us to reach a definite conclusion about the
existence of a metal-insulator transition in the thermodynamic limit in
two-dimensions.Comment: revtex, 7 pages, 7 figure
Uptake and transport of novel amphiphilic polyelectrolyte-insulin nanocomplexes by caco-2 cells - towards oral insulin
“The original publication is available at www.springerlink.com”. Copyright SpringerPurpose: The influence of polymer architecture on cellular uptake and transport across Caco-2 cells of novel amphiphilic polyelectrolyte-insulin nanocomplexes was investigated. Method: Polyallylamine (PAA) (15 kDa) was grafted with palmitoyl chains (Pa) and subsequently modified with quaternary ammonium moieties (QPa). These two amphiphilic polyelectrolytes (APs) were tagged with rhodamine and their uptake by Caco-2 cells or their polyelectrolyte complexes (PECs) with fluorescein isothiocyanate-insulin (FITC-insulin) uptake were investigated using fluorescence microscopy. The integrity of the monolayer was determined by measurement of transepithelial electrical resistance (TEER). Insulin transport through Caco-2 monolayers was determined during TEER experiments. Result: Pa and insulin were co-localised in the cell membranes while QPa complexes were found within the cytoplasm. QPa complex uptake was not affected by calcium, cytochalasin D or nocodazole. Uptake was reduced by co-incubation with sodium azide, an active transport inhibitor. Both polymers opened tight junctions reversibly where the TEER values fell by up to 35 % within 30 minutes incubation with Caco-2 cells. Insulin transport through monolayers increased when QPa was used (0.27 ngmL-1 of insulin in basal compartment) compared to Pa (0.14 ngmL-1 of insulin in basal compartment) after 2 hours. Conclusion: These APs have been shown to be taken up by Caco-2 cells and reversibly open tight cell junctions. Further work is required to optimise these formulations with a view to maximising their potential to facilitate oral delivery of insulin.Peer reviewe
Treatment of Allergic Airway Inflammation and Hyperresponsiveness by Antisense-Induced Local Blockade of Gata-3 Expression
Recent studies in transgenic mice have revealed that expression of a dominant negative form of the transcription factor GATA-3 in T cells can prevent T helper cell type 2 (Th2)-mediated allergic airway inflammation in mice. However, it remains unclear whether GATA-3 plays a role in the effector phase of allergic airway inflammation and whether antagonizing the expression and/or function of GATA-3 can be used for the therapy of allergic airway inflammation and hyperresponsiveness. Here, we analyzed the effects of locally antagonizing GATA-3 function in a murine model of asthma. We could suppress GATA-3 expression in interleukin (IL)-4–producing T cells in vitro and in vivo by an antisense phosphorothioate oligonucleotide overlapping the translation start site of GATA-3, whereas nonsense control oligonucleotides were virtually inactive. In a murine model of asthma associated with allergic pulmonary inflammation and hyperresponsiveness in ovalbumin (OVA)-sensitized mice, local intranasal administration of fluorescein isothiocyanate–labeled GATA-3 antisense oligonucleotides led to DNA uptake in lung cells associated with a reduction of intracellular GATA-3 expression. Such intrapulmonary blockade of GATA-3 expression caused an abrogation of signs of lung inflammation including infiltration of eosinophils and Th2 cytokine production. Furthermore, treatment with antisense but not nonsense oligonucleotides induced a significant reduction of airway hyperresponsiveness in OVA-sensitized mice to levels comparable to saline-treated control mice, as assessed by both enhanced pause (PenH) responses and pulmonary resistance determined by body plethysmography. These data indicate a critical role for GATA-3 in the effector phase of a murine asthma model and suggest that local delivery of GATA-3 antisense oligonucleotides may be a novel approach for the treatment of airway hyperresponsiveness such as in asthma. This approach has the potential advantage of suppressing the expression of various proinflammatory Th2 cytokines simultaneously rather than suppressing the activity of a single cytokine
A quark model framework for the study of nuclear medium effects
A quark-model framework for studying nuclear medium effects on nucleon
resonances is described and applied here to pion photoproduction on the
deuteron, which is the simplest composite nucleon system and serves as a first
test case. Pion photoproduction on nuclei is discussed within a chiral
constituent quark model in which the quark degrees of freedom are explicitly
introduced through an effective chiral Lagrangian for the
quark-pseudoscalar-meson coupling. The advantage of this model is that a
complete set of nucleon resonances can be systematically included with a
limited number of parameters. Also, the systematic description of the nucleon
and its resonances at quark level allows us to self-consistently relate the
nuclear medium's influence on the baryon properties to the intrinsic dynamic
aspects of the baryons. As the simplest composite nucleus, the deuteron
represents the first application of this effective theory for meson
photoproduction on light nuclei. The influence of the medium on the transition
operators for a free nucleon is investigated in the Delta resonance region. No
evidence is found for a change of the Delta properties in the pion
photoproduction reaction on the deuteron since the nuclear medium here involves
just one other nucleon and the low binding energy implies low nuclear density.
However, we show that the reaction mechanism is in principle sensitive to
changes of Delta properties that would be produced by the denser nuclear medium
of heavier nuclei through the modification of the quark model parameters.Comment: Revtex, 8 pages, 4 figure
The Schroedinger Problem, Levy Processes Noise in Relativistic Quantum Mechanics
The main purpose of the paper is an essentially probabilistic analysis of
relativistic quantum mechanics. It is based on the assumption that whenever
probability distributions arise, there exists a stochastic process that is
either responsible for temporal evolution of a given measure or preserves the
measure in the stationary case. Our departure point is the so-called
Schr\"{o}dinger problem of probabilistic evolution, which provides for a unique
Markov stochastic interpolation between any given pair of boundary probability
densities for a process covering a fixed, finite duration of time, provided we
have decided a priori what kind of primordial dynamical semigroup transition
mechanism is involved. In the nonrelativistic theory, including quantum
mechanics, Feyman-Kac-like kernels are the building blocks for suitable
transition probability densities of the process. In the standard "free" case
(Feynman-Kac potential equal to zero) the familiar Wiener noise is recovered.
In the framework of the Schr\"{o}dinger problem, the "free noise" can also be
extended to any infinitely divisible probability law, as covered by the
L\'{e}vy-Khintchine formula. Since the relativistic Hamiltonians
and are known to generate such laws, we focus on
them for the analysis of probabilistic phenomena, which are shown to be
associated with the relativistic wave (D'Alembert) and matter-wave
(Klein-Gordon) equations, respectively. We show that such stochastic processes
exist and are spatial jump processes. In general, in the presence of external
potentials, they do not share the Markov property, except for stationary
situations. A concrete example of the pseudodifferential Cauchy-Schr\"{o}dinger
evolution is analyzed in detail. The relativistic covariance of related waveComment: Latex fil
Off shell behaviour of the in medium nucleon-nucleon cross section
The properties of nucleon-nucleon scattering inside dense nuclear matter are
investigated. We use the relativistic Brueckner-Hartree-Fock model to determine
on-shell and half off-shell in-medium transition amplitudes and cross sections.
At finite densities the on-shell cross sections are generally suppressed. This
reduction is, however, less pronounced than found in previous works. In the
case that the outgoing momenta are allowed to be off energy shell the
amplitudes show a strong variation with momentum. This description allows to
determine in-medium cross sections beyond the quasi-particle approximation
accounting thereby for the finite width which nucleons acquire in the dense
nuclear medium. For reasonable choices of the in-medium nuclear spectral width,
i.e. MeV, the resulting total cross sections are, however,
reduced by not more than about 25% compared to the on-shell values. Off-shell
effect are generally more pronounced at large nuclear matter densities.Comment: 31 pages Revtex, 12 figures, typos corrected, to appear in Phys. Rev.
Photoproduction of phi mesons from nuclei
We investigate the consequences of possible medium modifications of the phi
meson at finite nuclear matter density on the K+K- mass distribution in
photonuclear reactions. The inclusive cross sections for K+K- pair production
are calculated within a semi--classical BUU transport model, which combines the
initial state interaction of the incoming photon with the final state
interactions of the produced particles. The effects of final state interactions
on the invariant mass distribution of the observed K+K- pairs are discussed in
detail. In addition we calculate the Coulomb correction and possible effects of
hadronic kaon potentials on the K+K- mass spectrum. Due to the large cross
sections for reactions of the final state particles with the surrounding
nuclear medium and the influence of the Coulomb potential we find no measurable
sensitivity of the observables to the phi properties at finite baryon density.Comment: revtex4, 24 page
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