Metastable spontaneous breaking of N=2 supersymmetry

We show that contrary to the common lore it is possible to spontaneously break N=2 supersymmetry even in simple theories without constant Fayet-Iliopoulos terms. We consider the most general N=2 supersymmetric theory with one hypermultiplet and one vector multiplet without Fayet-Iliopoulos terms, and show that metastable supersymmetry breaking vacua can arise if both the hyper-Kahler and the special-Kahler geometries are suitably curved. We then also prove that while all the scalars can be massive, the lightest one is always lighter than the vector boson. Finally, we argue that these results also directly imply that metastable de Sitter vacua can exist in N=2 supergravity theories with Abelian gaugings and no Fayet-Iliopoulos terms, again contrary to common lore, at least if the cosmological constant is sufficiently large.Comment: 16 pages, no figures; v2 improved introduction and conclusions; v3 minor correction

Preparative scale enzymatic synthesis of D-sedoheptulose-7-phosphate from β-hydroxypyruvate and D-ribose-5-phosphate

International audienceAn enzymatic method for ready access to D-sedoheptulose-7-phosphate on a preparative scale was developed, based on the irreversible transketolase-catalyzed reaction: β-hydroxypyruvate + D-ribose-5- phosphate → D-sedoheptulose-7-phosphate. D-Sedoheptulose-7-phosphate disodium salt was obtained in 81% overall yield determined using a standard curve obtained by LC/MS/MS

Favorable impact of long-term exercise on disease symptoms in pediatric patients with inflammatory bowel disease

Evidence is growing that both short- and long-term physical exercise have the potential to positively impact on the physiological system related to inflammatory indices, though, such patterns are unknown for pediatric patients with Inflammatory Bowel Disease (IBD). The aim of the present intervention study was to investigate the influence of a single bout and chronic moderate-intensity exercise on IBD-related inflammatory indices and exercise capacity among pediatric individuals with IBD and healthy controls.; Twenty-one pediatric patients with IBD, split into a "remission-group" (IBD-RE; n = 14) and an "active disease group" (IBD-AD; n = 7), were compared to 23 age matched healthy controls (HC). All participants completed a single bout of exercise at baseline and an 8-week exercise intervention. Before and after the single bout of exercise IBD-related inflammatory indices (erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR), albumin, C-reactive protein (CRP), cortisol, hemoglobin, hematocrit, thrombocytes and leukocytes) were assessed.; At baseline, after a single bout of exercise, inflammation (albumin, hemoglobin, erythrocytes, hematocrit and leukocytes) increased in all three groups IBD-AD, IBD-RE and HC. CRP and thrombocytes were only elevated in IBD-AD and IBD-RE, compared to HC. After a longer-term exercise intervention, ESR, CRP and thrombocytes significantly decreased in all groups. The longer-term exercise intervention did not decrease acute immunopathologic responses after a single bout of exercise, compared to baseline.; Whereas a single bout of exercise increases albumin, erythrocytes and leukocytes, longer-term moderate-intensity exercise reduced inflammatory markers in pediatric patients with IBD. Children and teenagers with IBD should be encouraged to engage in regular moderate-intensity exercise activities, as such activities may contribute to inflammation suppression and improved disease management

Chemoenzymatic synthesis of L-tyrosine derivative for a transketolase assay

We have prepared an l-tyrosine derivative bearing a d-threo ketose moiety by a convenient chemoenzymatic route. This compound is of potential interest for developing stereospecific assays for enzymes catalyzing C–C bond cleavage such as transketolase. We showed in vitro by analytical studies (LC/MS and 31P NMR) that this compound can release l-tyrosine in the presence of wild type TK extract and bovine serum albumin. This assay is the first step towards a mutant TK selection test that could be developed for yeast cells auxotrophic for l-tyrosin

Biotransformation of the triketone herbicide Mesotrione by a Bacillus strain. Metabolite profiling using liquid chromatography/electrospray ionization quadrupole-time of flight mass spectrometry.

The metabolic pathway involved in the biotransformation of the herbicide mesotrione by the bacterial strain Bacillus sp. 3B6 was investigated by a reliable liquid chromatography/electrospray ionization quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry (LC/ESI-QTOF-MS) method. The LC/ESI-MS method, both in positive and negative mode, with the assistance of MS2 fragments and isotopic pattern analyses, allowed us to identify five metabolites. This work constitutes the first complete monitoring of mesotrione degradation kinetics. Among the transformation products found by both techniques, one was formed by intramolecular cyclization between a hydroxylamine and a keto function, which is quite a rare biological reactivity process. For each identified metabolite, a fragmentation pathway is proposed for negative and positive mod

Influence des paramètres nutritionnels et inflammatoires sur la survie des patients hémodialysés à 7 ans

BORDEAUX2-BU Santé (330632101) / SudocSudocFranceF

Pharmaciens du Cher face à la mise en place des pompes à morphine à domicile

Les soins palliatifs à domicile ont connu depuis 2002 un essor important en réponse à la demande permanente des malades en fin de vie. Ce maintien nécessite un suivi et une prise en charge globale du patient, et plus particulièrement de sa douleur physique. Dans ce contexte, ce travail présente la constitution, dans le Cher, d'équipes pluridisciplinaires à domicile, amenées à mettre en place des pompes à morphine. La place du pharmacien y est particulièrement détaillée, ainsi que les difficultés inhérentes à cette pratique. Tout d'abord, nous avons exposé l'arsenal thérapeutique et le matériel à disposition des équipes. Puis, au travers de cas cliniques, nous avons essayé de résumer les situations les plus caractéristiques afin de formuler clairement les problèmes posés. Enfin, grâce aux témoignages de pharmaciens, nous avons dégagé, des propositions concrètes dans le but d'améliorer la qualité de la prise en charge interdisciplinaire des patients et de leur entourageTOURS-BU Sciences Pharmacie (372612104) / SudocSudocFranceF