RESPONSES OF PNP WOMEN’S DESK OFFICERS’ TO VIOLENCE AGAINST WOMEN

The study mainly assessed the responses of WCPD officers on cases of violence against women. Further, the problems encountered during their responses were also highlighted.Survey questionnaire and interview were used to gather data from twenty three WCPD officers and five abused women from each city and municipality in Cavite. Findings revealed that RA 9262 (Anti-Violence against Women and Children) is the most common violation committed against women.Also, majority of the perception of the WCPD officers and abused women on the responses of the WCPD officers on cases of VAW are similar. During initial response, in terms of receiving complaint, officers basically ask the full name and address of the caller/abused women to establish their identity. In contrast, they cannot respond at the scene within 5 minutes due to unavailability of marked vehicle. In terms of after call/complaint, WCPD officers immediately call the attention of their co-officers to assist them. However, they do not often coordinate with the involved barangay. In the arrival at the scene, in case the abused woman was injured, officers advise her to undergo medicolegal examination, likewise, inquire on the nature of dispute for comprehensive investigation. However, they seldom execute arrest, because sometimes, perpetrator already escaped or the dispute is already settled.Further, in the conduct of interview, asking question at a time and free narrative were the strategies of officers to give abused women the time to answer each question. In contrast, WCPD officers seldom use gadgets that would facilitate the interview because of its unavailability.On the other hand, in filing the complaint, it indicated contradicting perceptions. For WCPD officers, they acquire copies of marriage contract and birth certificate since most of the cases involved marital violence while for abused women, they highly perceived that medical records is the most requested document.The problems encountered by WCPD officers in responding to VAW cases are: uncooperativeness of the caller/complainant, unavailability of facilities and WCPD officer inadequacy of knowledge on laws result to slow police service

SERVICES IMPLEMENTED AT SELECTED DRUG REHABILITATION CENTERS IN CAVITE: AN ASSESSMENT

The study mainly assessed the services implemented on drug rehabilitation centers in Cavite. Three out of six drug rehabilitation centers in Cavite gave their consent to conduct the study in their centers. Survey questionnaire and interview of the administrators, program facilitators and patients were utilized to gather necessary data.The findings showed that in terms of operational management, all centers strictly follow the standards set by Department of Health (DOH). On the other hand, most of the program facilitators are on-call.In terms of administrator and program facilitators, they are always on time in performing their duties but the center could not maintain its employees due to lack of provision on security of tenure.In terms of resources, all is properly monitored. They have division of budget for their operation. On the other hand, two of the centers lack financial support from NGO for their trainings. Findings further revealed that, centers established linkages with religious groups. Every phase of their activities often involve religious adoration. In contrast, there is limited linkage with local and non-government agencies in support to the traditional healing of the patient.In terms of physical facility, its privacy and comfort helps in the immediate recovery of the patient.Further, evaluation conducted by program facilitators is indispensable in the formulation of individualized treatment program.Moreover, monitoring of patients is also done through interaction with them. They also keep in touch with their graduated patients

SERVICES IMPLEMENTED AT SELECTED DRUG REHABILITATION CENTERS IN CAVITE: AN ASSESSMENT

The study mainly assessed the services implemented on drug rehabilitation centers in Cavite. Three out of six drug rehabilitation centers in Cavite gave their consent to conduct the study in their centers. Survey questionnaire and interview of the administrators, program facilitators and patients were utilized to gather necessary data.The findings showed that in terms of operational management, all centers strictly follow the standards set by Department of Health (DOH). On the other hand, most of the program facilitators are on-call.In terms of administrator and program facilitators, they are always on time in performing their duties but the center could not maintain its employees due to lack of provision on security of tenure.In terms of resources, all is properly monitored. They have division of budget for their operation. On the other hand, two of the centers lack financial support from NGO for their trainings. Findings further revealed that, centers established linkages with religious groups. Every phase of their activities often involve religious adoration. In contrast, there is limited linkage with local and non-government agencies in support to the traditional healing of the patient.In terms of physical facility, its privacy and comfort helps in the immediate recovery of the patient.Further, evaluation conducted by program facilitators is indispensable in the formulation of individualized treatment program.Moreover, monitoring of patients is also done through interaction with them. They also keep in touch with their graduated patients

RESPONSES OF PNP WOMEN’S DESK OFFICERS’ TO VIOLENCE AGAINST WOMEN

The study mainly assessed the responses of WCPD officers on cases of violence against women. Further, the problems encountered during their responses were also highlighted.Survey questionnaire and interview were used to gather data from twenty three WCPD officers and five abused women from each city and municipality in Cavite. Findings revealed that RA 9262 (Anti-Violence against Women and Children) is the most common violation committed against women.Also, majority of the perception of the WCPD officers and abused women on the responses of the WCPD officers on cases of VAW are similar. During initial response, in terms of receiving complaint, officers basically ask the full name and address of the caller/abused women to establish their identity. In contrast, they cannot respond at the scene within 5 minutes due to unavailability of marked vehicle. In terms of after call/complaint, WCPD officers immediately call the attention of their co-officers to assist them. However, they do not often coordinate with the involved barangay. In the arrival at the scene, in case the abused woman was injured, officers advise her to undergo medicolegal examination, likewise, inquire on the nature of dispute for comprehensive investigation. However, they seldom execute arrest, because sometimes, perpetrator already escaped or the dispute is already settled.Further, in the conduct of interview, asking question at a time and free narrative were the strategies of officers to give abused women the time to answer each question. In contrast, WCPD officers seldom use gadgets that would facilitate the interview because of its unavailability.On the other hand, in filing the complaint, it indicated contradicting perceptions. For WCPD officers, they acquire copies of marriage contract and birth certificate since most of the cases involved marital violence while for abused women, they highly perceived that medical records is the most requested document.The problems encountered by WCPD officers in responding to VAW cases are: uncooperativeness of the caller/complainant, unavailability of facilities and WCPD officer inadequacy of knowledge on laws result to slow police service

Student Encounters with Philippine Embroidery in a Tourism Destination: The Case of Lumban, Laguna

Tourism has been traditionally regarded as a business and management concern. This paper explores how cultural settings can be used to open opportunities for other stakeholders in communities to participate in touristic activities. It aims to contribute to what the authors believe to be the emerging importance of alternative definitions of tourism as a phenomenon. It documents research activities of two academics that did participant observation and interviews in a third-class municipality known for heritage skills in embroidery. Content analysis of field notes obtained months before the off icial start of the university’s semester was done to put structure in an out-of-classroomlearning activity (OCLA) of three sections of undergraduate students. Pre- and post-trip surveys were conducted to gather data on the one-day OCLA. Data obtained from students and local tourism stakeholders were analyzed quantitatively and qualitatively using a culture tourism framework. The paper ends with insights on OCLAs of undergraduate students and a description of how a visit to a destination can uncover meanings that contribute toward understanding of embroidery, self-identity, and embedded meanings of the visited place

Policultivo del acocil (Procambarus acanthophorus) y tilapia del Nilo (Oreochromis niloticus) como estrategia de uso sustentable del agua

Background. The crayfish Procambarus acanthophorus has a high potential for cultivation; however, it is necessary to evaluate its performance in polyculture with tilapia as a strategy for sustainable production in the rural sector where resources are limited. Goals. Assess the effect of polyculture of the crayfish and tilapia by measuring survival and growth. Methods. Three methods of cultivation with three replicates were evaluated: T1) crayfish monoculture, T2) polyculture crayfish/tilapia and T3) tilapia monoculture. Nine high-density polyethylene tanks (3 m diameter × 1.2 m deep) were used during the trial. The tilapia were fed commercial feed, 32/5% protein / lipids, while the crayfish were given commercial shrimp feed with 35/7% protein / lipids. The productive efficiency of mono- and biculture was determined based on survival feeding efficiency and growth performance. Results. Contrary to what was expected, interspecific competition, space, food availability, and weight gain of crayfish were similar in all treatments, whereas survival was influenced by the treatment, particularly during polyculture, where it was observed that tilapia affected the survival of crayfish. Unlike crayfish, tilapia maintained similar growth and survival in all treatments. Conclusions. The results indicate that polyculture of crayfish/tilapia in a recirculation system is possible and promotes the use of the water column. However, it is necessary to consider the antagonistic effect between species.Antecedentes. Los cangrejos de río Procambarus acanthophorus, tiene un alto potencial de cultivo; sin embargo, es necesario evaluar su desempeño en policultivo con tilapia como estrategia de producción sustentable para el sector rural, donde los recursos son limitados. Objetivos. Evaluar el efecto del policultivo del acocil y la tilapia en la supervivencia y el crecimiento. Métodos. Se evaluaron tres esquemas de cultivo con tres réplicas: T1) monocultivo de acocil, T2) policultivo acocil/; T3) monocultivo de tilapia. Nueve tanques de polietileno de alta densidad (3 m diámetro x 1.2 m profundidad) fueron usados durante el estudio. Las tilapias se alimentaron con alimento comercial con 32/5% proteína/lípidos, mientras que a los acociles se les dio alimento comercial de camarón con 35/7% proteína/lípidos. La eficiencia productiva en el mono- y bicultivo se determinó en base a la supervivencia, eficiencia alimenticia y crecimiento. Resultados. Contrario a lo esperado en relación con la competencia interespecífica, espacio y disponibilidad de alimento, fue similar el peso ganado de los acociles en todos los tratamientos, mientras que su supervivencia estuvo influenciada por los tratamientos, particularmente en el policultivo, en donde se observó que la tilapia afectó la supervivencia de los acociles. A diferencia de los acociles, las tilapias presentaron una supervivencia y crecimiento similar en todos los tratamientos. Conclusiones. Los resultados indican que es posible realizar el policultivo de acocil/tilapia en un sistema de recirculación, lo que promueve el aprovechamiento de la columna de agua, considerando sin embargo el efecto antagónico entre especies

The role of glucocorticoids in the induction of zinc-α2-glycoprotein expression in adipose tissue in cancer cachexia

Loss of adipose tissue in cancer cachexia in mice bearing the MAC16 tumour arises from an increased lipid mobilisation through increased expression of zinc-α2-glycoprotein (ZAG) in white (WAT) and brown (BAT) adipose tissue. Glucocorticoids have been suggested to increase ZAG expression, and this study examines their role in cachexia and the mechanisms involved. In mice bearing the MAC16 tumour, serum cortisol concentrations increased in parallel with weight loss, and the glucocorticoid receptor antagonist RU38486 (25 mg kg−1) attenuated both the loss of body weight and ZAG expression in WAT. Dexamethasone (66 μg kg−1) administration to normal mice produced a six-fold increase in ZAG expression in both WAT and BAT, which was also attenuated by RU38486. In vitro studies using 3T3-L1 adipocytes showed dexamethasone (1.68 μM) to stimulate lipolysis and increase ZAG expression, and both were attenuated by RU38486 (10 μM), anti-ZAG antibody (1 μgml−1), and the β3-adrenoreceptor (β3-AR) antagonist SR59230A (10 μM). Zinc-α2-glycoprotein also increased its own expression and this was attenuated by SR59230A, suggesting that it was mediated through the β3-AR. This suggests that glucocorticoids stimulate lipolysis through an increase in ZAG expression, and that they are responsible for the increase in ZAG expression seen in adipose tissue of cachectic mice

Monocarboxylate transporter 4 (MCT4) and CD147 overexpression is associated with poor prognosis in prostate cancer

BACKGROUND. Monocarboxylate transporters (MCTs) are transmembrane proteins involved in the transport of monocarboxylates across the plasma membrane, which appear to play an important role in solid tumours, however the role of MCTs in prostate cancer is largely unknown.The aim of the present work was to evaluate the clinico-pathological value of monocarboxylate transporters (MCTs) expression, namely MCT1, MCT2 and MCT4, together with CD147 and gp70 as MCT1/4 and MCT2 chaperones, respectively, in prostate carcinoma. METHODS. Prostate tissues were obtained from 171 patients, who performed radical prostatectomy and 14 patients who performed cystoprostatectomy. Samples and clinico-pathological data were retrieved and organized into tissue microarray (TMAs) blocks. Protein expression was evaluated by immunohistochemistry in neoplastic (n= 171), adjacent non-neoplastic tissues (n= 135), PIN lesions (n=40) and normal prostatic tissue (n=14). Protein expression was correlated with patients' clinicopathologic characteristics. RESULTS. In the present study, a significant increase of MCT2 and MCT4 expression in the cytoplasm of tumour cells and a significant decrease in both MCT1 and CD147 expression in prostate tumour cells was observed when compared to normal tissue. All MCT isoforms and CD147 were expressed in PIN lesions. Importantly, for MCT2 and MCT4 the expression levels in PIN lesions were between normal and tumour tissue, which might indicate a role for these MCTs in the malignant transformation. Associations were found between MCT1, MCT4 and CD147 expressions and poor prognosis markers; importantly MCT4 and CD147 overexpression correlated with higher PSA levels, Gleason score and pT stage, as well as with perineural invasion and biochemical recurrence. CONCLUSIONS. Our data provides novel evidence for the involvement of MCTs in prostate cancer. According to our results, we consider that MCT2 should be further explored as tumour marker and both MCT4 and CD147 as markers of poor prognosis in prostate cancer.NPG, CP and VMG received fellowships from the Portuguese Foundation for Science and Technology (FCT), refs. SFRH/BD/61027/2009, SFRH/BPD/69479/ 2010 and SFRH/BI/33503/2008, respectively. This work was supported by the FCT grant ref. PTDC/SAU-FCF/104347/2008, under the scope of Programa Operacional Temático Factores de Competitividade” (COMPETE) of Quadro Comunitário de Apoio III and co-financed by Fundo Comunitário Europeu FEDER