Researching Environmental Justice: A Conversation

The U.S. Environmental Protection Agency defines environmental justice as “the fair treatment and meaningful involvement of all people regardless of race, color, national origin, or income with respect to the development, implementation, and enforcement of environmental laws, regulations, and policies.” The concerns that arise in this complex environmental context extend beyond the scope of traditional legal research resources to include historical, social, scientific, and governmental documents that reside in unique archival collections. Through the conversation that follows, senior archivist William LeFevre of the Walter P. Reuther Library shares his experience and insights on how archival resources can provide essential support for legal researchers seeking to discover the foundations, background, and motivation underlying environmental justice concerns

Further biembeddings of twofold triple systems

We construct face two-colourable triangulations of the graph 2Kn in an orientable surface; equivalently biembeddings of two twofold triple systems of order n, for all n ξ 16 or 28 (mod 48). The biembeddings come from index 1 current graphs lifted under a group ℤn/4 × 4

Identifying flaws in the security of critical sets in latin squares via triangulations

In this paper we answer a question in theoretical cryptography by reducing it to a seemingly unrelated geometrical problem. Drápal (1991) showed that a given partition of an equilateral triangle of side n into smaller, integer-sided equilateral triangles gives rise to, under certain conditions, a latin trade within the latin square based on the addition table for the integers (mod n). We apply this result in the study of flaws within certain theoretical cryptographic schemes based on critical sets in latin squares. We classify exactly where the flaws occur for an infinite family of critical sets. Using Drápal's result, this classification is achieved via a study of the existence of triangulations of convex regions that contain prescribed triangles

Results from the Advance Power Technology Experiment on the Starshine 3 Satellite

The Starshine 3 satellite was put into orbit on September 30, 2001 as part of the Kodiak Star mission. Starshine 3’s primary mission is to measure the atmospheric density of the thermosphere and serve as a learning outreach tool for primary and secondary school age children. Starshine 3 also carries a power technology experiment. Starshine 3 has a small, 1 Watt power system using state-of-the-art components. Eight small clusters of solar cells are distributed across the surface. Each cluster consists of a 6-cell string of 2 cm x 2 cm, GaInP/GaAs/Ge, triple-junction solar cells. These cells have twice the power-to-area ratio as traditional silicon solar cells and 25% more power than GaAs cells. Starshine 3 also carries novel integrated microelectronic power supplies (IMPS). The idea behind an IMPS unit is to allow greater flexibility in circuit design with a power source not tied to a central bus. Each IPS is used to provide 50 microwatts of continuous power throughout the mission. Early results show that this design can be used to provide continuous power under very adverse operating conditions

Learning and development journeys towards effective communications with children

There are continuing concerns about the quality of social workers' communication and engagement with children. This has led to a focus in England on whether qualifying courses prepare students sufficiently for practice. Although research has uncovered the capabilities social workers need to engage and communicate effectively with children, there has continued to be limited evidence in relation to which pedagogical approaches might best enable students to develop capability. This paper attempts to address some of this deficit by reporting in-depth case study findings from a larger longitudinal study into the factors that supported a cohort of students in England in learning to communicate with children. Case analyses are presented in respect of two participants whose learning journeys were emblematic of many in the cohort. Their trajectories draw attention to the significant role that pre-course experience with children can play in the development of students' self-efficacy and in providing a rich source of experiential learning that can be built upon. Suggestions are made for how qualifying courses might provide alternative experiential learning opportunities, including role play, child observation and opportunities for reflection on pre-course experience with adults to help students establish the transferability of their learning

Advanced Simulations of Optical Transition and Diraction Radiation

Charged particle beam diagnostics is a key task in modern and future accelerator installations. The diagnostic tools are practically the “eyes” of the operators. The precision and resolution of the diagnostic equipment are crucial to define the performance of the accelerator. Transition and diffraction radiation (TR and DR) are widely used for electron beam parameter monitoring. However, the precision and resolution of those devices are determined by how well the production, transport and detection of these radiation types are understood. This paper reports on simulations of TR and DR spatial-spectral characteristics using the physical optics propagation (POP) mode of the Zemax advanced optics simulation software. A good consistency with theory is demonstrated. Also, realistic optical system alignment issues are discussed

DAPK3 participates in the mRNA processing of immediate early genes in Chronic Lymphocytic Leukaemia

Cross‐linking of the B cell receptor (BCR) induces transcriptional activation of immediate early genes (IEGs) including EGR1 and DUSP2 in chronic lymphocytic leukaemia (CLL). Here, we have shown that this transcriptional activation correlated with histone H3 threonine 6 and 11 phosphorylation. Both transcription and histone post‐translational modifications are repressed by ibrutinib, a small molecule inhibitor used in CLL treatment. Moreover, we have identified the Death‐Associated Protein Kinase 3 (DAPK3), as the kinase mediating these histone phosphorylation marks in response to activation of the BCR signalling pathway with this kinase being recruited to RNA polymerase II in an anti‐IgM‐dependent manner. DAPK inhibition mimics ibrutinib‐induced repression of both IEG mRNA and histone H3 phosphorylation and has anti‐proliferative effect comparable to ibrutinib in CLL in vitro. DAPK inhibitor (DAPKi) does not repress transcription itself but impacts on mRNA processing and has a broader anti‐tumour effect than ibrutinib, by repressing both anti‐IgM‐ and CD40L‐dependent activation

Modeling the Dust Properties of z ~ 6 Quasars with ART^2 -- All-wavelength Radiative Transfer with Adaptive Refinement Tree

The detection of large quantities of dust in z ~ 6 quasars by infrared and radio surveys presents puzzles for the formation and evolution of dust in these early systems. Previously (Li et al. 2007), we showed that luminous quasars at z > 6 can form through hierarchical mergers of gas-rich galaxies. Here, we calculate the dust properties of simulated quasars and their progenitors using a three-dimensional Monte Carlo radiative transfer code, ART^2 -- All-wavelength Radiative Transfer with Adaptive Refinement Tree. ART^2 incorporates a radiative equilibrium algorithm for dust emission, an adaptive grid for inhomogeneous density, a multiphase model for the ISM, and a supernova-origin dust model. We reproduce the SED and dust properties of SDSS J1148+5251, and find that the infrared emission are closely associated with the formation and evolution of the quasar host. The system evolves from a cold to a warm ULIRG owing to heating and feedback from stars and AGN. Furthermore, the AGN has significant implications for the interpretation of observation of the hosts. Our results suggest that vigorous star formation in merging progenitors is necessary to reproduce the observed dust properties of z~6 quasars, supporting a merger-driven origin for luminous quasars at high redshifts and the starburst-to-quasar evolutionary hypothesis. (Abridged)Comment: 26 pages, 22 figures, accepted by ApJ. Version with full resolution images is available at http://www.cfa.harvard.edu/~yxli/ARTDUST/astroph0706.3706.pd