Art Practice and the Community

ART AS SOCIAL ACTION will be a general introduction and textbook to the field of social practice art and include valuable lesson plans offering examples of pedagogical projects for instructors at both the college and high school levels. With contributions written by leading social practice artists, teachers and thinkers it's content will be arranged thematically to around such themes as labor rights, environmental justice, urban policy, the rights of women and girls, inequality, migrant's rights, Black Lives Matter, the rights of prisoner's and the global nexus of art/labor/capital among other areas of topical concern. Some lesson plans will be written by the students, alumni and faculty members of Social Practice Queens (SPQ), a unique partnership between Queens College CUNY and the Queens Museum. The book will consist of two main parts. A set of introductory materials focused on the concept of teaching socially engaged art (with some of these essays having an associated 20 minute podcast created for classroom use online at: http://www.socialpracticequeens.org/ ). Part two of the book will consist of two dozen actual lesson plans

Cluster-based ensemble means for climate model intercomparison

Clustering – the automated grouping of similar data – can provide powerful and unique insight into large and complex data sets, in a fast and computationally efficient manner. While clustering has been used in a variety of fields (from medical image processing to economics), its application within atmospheric science has been fairly limited to date, and the potential benefits of the application of advanced clustering techniques to climate data (both model output and observations) has yet to be fully realised. In this paper, we explore the specific application of clustering to a multi-model climate ensemble. We hypothesise that clustering techniques can provide (a) a flexible, data-driven method of testing model–observation agreement and (b) a mechanism with which to identify model development priorities. We focus our analysis on chemistry–climate model (CCM) output of tropospheric ozone – an important greenhouse gas – from the recent Atmospheric Chemistry and Climate Model Intercomparison Project (ACCMIP). Tropospheric column ozone from the ACCMIP ensemble was clustered using the Data Density based Clustering (DDC) algorithm. We find that a multi-model mean (MMM) calculated using members of the most-populous cluster identified at each location offers a reduction of up to  ∼  20 % in the global absolute mean bias between the MMM and an observed satellite-based tropospheric ozone climatology, with respect to a simple, all-model MMM. On a spatial basis, the bias is reduced at  ∼  62 % of all locations, with the largest bias reductions occurring in the Northern Hemisphere – where ozone concentrations are relatively large. However, the bias is unchanged at 9 % of all locations and increases at 29 %, particularly in the Southern Hemisphere. The latter demonstrates that although cluster-based subsampling acts to remove outlier model data, such data may in fact be closer to observed values in some locations. We further demonstrate that clustering can provide a viable and useful framework in which to assess and visualise model spread, offering insight into geographical areas of agreement among models and a measure of diversity across an ensemble. Finally, we discuss caveats of the clustering techniques and note that while we have focused on tropospheric ozone, the principles underlying the cluster-based MMMs are applicable to other prognostic variables from climate models

Citizen innovation: DIY design and the Thames water turbine

“When electricity prices prevent older people from heating their homes, and the River Thames is just down the road, why are we not using it to power our city?” was a question posed by a member of the Geezers Club at an AgeUK centre in East London. The Geezers are a group of older men aged from 55 to late 80’s, who meet weekly in Tower Hamlets. For the last five years they have been working with artist Loraine Leeson, engineer Toby Borland and others to realise their dream of using the River Thames to provide energy for London’s riverside communities. The project was initiated by an art commission responding to the Democratising Technology research project being carried out by Ann Light and others at Queen Mary University of London that questioned why the extensive life experience of older people was failing to inform new developments in technology. Members of the Geezers group were able to recollect developments in tidal and wave power from years earlier, many of which were brought to a premature end in the 1980’s. Though research into energy from wind turbines did re-commence, the power of the Thames remains relatively untapped to this day. During the life of the project Active Energy has involved a practical proposal for installing tidal turbines at the Thames Barrier, renewable energy workshops at a local school, a wind-driven public light-work for the roof of an Age UK centre, prototyping workshops at University of East London and art exhibitions in both the UK and USA that have brought these issues to public attention. The most recent phase of the project has been to create an ultra low-cost turbine to produce energy from the river and prompt a debate on the use of the River Thames as a source of energy for the city. The process of creative facilitation that has driven this work and fostered citizen-led innovation by older people has gained international attention, whilst the small scale turbine that has been designed specifically for slow moving tidal rivers is thought to be the first of its kind and capable of low-cost replication for developing nations overseas

How Many #Followers Do You Have?: Evaluating the Rise of Social Media and Issues Concerning \u3ci\u3eIn Re CTLI\u3c/i\u3e’s Determination that Social Media Accounts are Property of the Estate

With the rise of social media use, legal disputes have surfaced with litigants looking to the courts to determine issues of ownership and legal authority. As a matter of first impression, a U.S. Bankruptcy Court in Texas held that a Twitter and Facebook social media account were to be regarded as property of the estate pursuant to Section 541 of the Bankruptcy Code. The court analogized the social media accounts to subscriber lists because they provide valuable access to customers. Although the court addressed the question of whether social media applications are to be regarded as property in bankruptcy proceedings, it did not address the issue of whether additional legal protection should be afforded to social media and the data it generates. This lack of guidance is particularly problematic because courts will likely struggle with the implication of assigning legal rights to social media accounts that are now to be regarded as property interests. This Note reviews a recent case decided by a U.S. Bankruptcy Court in Texas, In re CTLI, in which the court recognized a Twitter and Facebook social media account as property of a bankruptcy estate. Furthermore, this Note examines the court’s classification of social media accounts as customer lists and explores the possible application of existing legal principles involving trade secrets to social media accounts by reviewing how courts have classified customer lists as trade secrets. After considering the legal impact social media could have on trade secret law, this Note identifies three legal issues that courts now face now that social media accounts are property interests: ownership, consumer privacy, and trade secret protection

The Taylor rule and the transformation of monetary policy

This paper examines the intellectual history of the Taylor Rule and its considerable influence on macroeconomic research and monetary policy. The paper traces the historical antecedents to the Taylor rule, emphasizing the contributions of three prominent advocates of rules--Henry Simons, A.W. H. Phillips, and Milton Friedman. The paper then examines the evolution of John Taylor's thinking as an academic and policy advisor leading up to his formulation of the Taylor rule. Finally, the paper documents the influence of the Taylor rule on macroeconomic research and the Federal Reserve's conduct of monetary policy.Taylor's rule ; Taylor, John B. ; Simons, Henry ; Phillips, A.W.H. ; Friedman, Milton ; Monetary policy

The Taylor rule and the practice of central banking

The Taylor rule has revolutionized the way many policymakers at central banks think about monetary policy. It has framed policy actions as a systematic response to incoming information about economic conditions, as opposed to a period-by-period optimization problem. It has emphasized the importance of adjusting policy rates more than one-for-one in response to an increase in inflation. And, various versions of the Taylor rule have been incorporated into macroeconomic models that are used at central banks to understand and forecast the economy. ; This paper examines how the Taylor rule is used as an input in monetary policy deliberations and decision-making at central banks. The paper characterizes the policy environment at the time of the development of the Taylor rule and describes how and why the Taylor rule became integrated into policy discussions and, in some cases, the policy framework itself. Speeches by policymakers and transcripts and minutes of policy meetings are examined to explore the practical uses of the Taylor rule by central bankers. While many issues remain unresolved and views still differ about how the Taylor rule can best be applied in practice, the paper shows that the rule has advanced the practice of central banking.

The Energy Landscape of Myoglobin: An Optical Study

In this paper we demonstrate how the potential energy surface of a protein, which determines its conformational degrees of freedom, can be constructed from a series of advanced nonlinear optical experiments. The energy landscape of myoglobin was probed by studying its low-temperature structural dynamics, using several spectral hole burning and photon echo techniques. The spectral diffusion of the heme group of the protein was studied on a time scale ranging from nanoseconds to several days while covering a temperature range from 100 mK to 23 K. The spectral line broadening, as measured in three-pulse stimulated photon echo experiments, occurs in a stepwise fashion, while the exact time dependence of the line width is critically dependent on temperature. From these results we obtained the energy barriers between the conformational states of the protein. Aging time dependent hole-burning experiments show that, at 100 mK, it takes several days for the protein to reach thermal equilibrium. When, after this period a spectral hole is burned, the line broadening induced by well-defined temperature cycles is partly reversed over a period of several hours. From this we conclude that a rough structure is superimposed on the overall shape of the potential energy surface of the protein. By combining the hole burning and photon echo results, we construct a detailed image of this energy landscape, supporting the general concept of a structural hierarchy. More specifically, we show that the number of conformational substates in the lower hierarchical tiers is much lower than was previously anticipated and, in fact, is comparable to the number of taxonomic substates.

p-Adic Models of Ultrametric Diffusion Constrained by Hierarchical Energy Landscapes

We demonstrate that p-adic analysis is a natural basis for the construction of a wide variety of the ultrametric diffusion models constrained by hierarchical energy landscapes. A general analytical description in terms of p-adic analysis is given for a class of models. Two exactly solvable examples, i.e. the ultrametric diffusion constraned by the linear energy landscape and the ultrametric diffusion with reaction sink, are considered. We show that such models can be applied to both the relaxation in complex systems and the rate processes coupled to rearrangenment of the complex surrounding.Comment: 14 pages, 6 eps figures, LaTeX 2.0

The Relationship Between Learning Orientation And Business Performance And The Moderating Effect Of Competitive Advantage: A Service Organization Perspective

This study examines the influence of learning orientation on business performance (the achievement of sales and profit objectives) in the context of pure service. The conceptual framework used in this research has been drawn from marketing, finance, and organizational behavior theory. Specifically, relationships related to learning orientation, sources of competitive advantage, and business performance have been identified. This research develops and tests a framework about learning orientation and its consequences in an organization. Specifically, this study focused on several research questions, including: 1)Is there a relationship between learning orientation and business performance in terms of the achievement of sales and profit objectives in pure service and service-reliantorganizations?, 2) Is there a relationship between learning orientation and competitive advantage in pure service and service-reliant organizations?, and 3) Does competitive advantage moderate the relationship between learning orientation and business performance in pure service and service-reliant organizations?A survey-based research methodology is used to explore these research questions and pertinent findings reported in the light of previous studies (Martinette, 2006, Martinette and Obenchain-Leeson, 2010).The findings of this study suggested that competitive advantage moderates the relationship between learning orientation and business performance in pure service and service-reliant organizations