1,311 research outputs found
Parents and children talk: the family dynamics of English language proficiency
This paper extends the analysis of the acquisition of destination language proficiency
among immigrants by explicitly incorporating dynamics among family members—
mother, father and children. Single equation, bivariate, and four-state (multivariate)
probit analyses are employed. Immigrant English language skills are greater the
younger the age at migration, the longer the duration of residence, the higher the
level of education, and for immigrants not from Asia. Large positive correlations in
the unmeasured determinants of proficiency exist between spouses, between
siblings, and between parents and children, although the latter relationship is
stronger for the mother
Two-leg t-J ladder: A mean-field description
[[abstract]]Two-leg t-J ladders are investigated in the framework of a combination of the phase string formulation and bond-operator representation. We develop a mean-field theory in the strong rung interaction regime, i.e., J⊥≫J,t, which provides a unified description of the undoped insulating phase and the low-doping phase-the so-called C1S0 phase. Both of them are characterized by the resonating-valence-bond (RVB) order parameter, with gap opened up in all spin excitations. The ground state of the doped phase is intrinsically a superconductor with a d-wave symmetry, which is driven by the RVB correlations. The ground-state energy is in good agreement with numerical results. Phase separation is shown to occur beyond some critical value of J/t for given doping concentration. The local structure of hole pairs as well as the spectra of various spin and charge modes are analyzed in comparison with other approaches[[fileno]]2010108010026[[department]]物理
A post-tsunami assessment of coastal living resources of Langkawi Archipelago, Peninsular Malaysia
Rapid and detailed post-tsunami surveys carried out in the Langkawi archipelago in January 2005 showed that the coral reefs dOld_ID not suffer any significant structural damage. Nevertheless, there were signs of recent sediment resuspension at the sites studied. The diversity and abundance of coral reef fishes and invertebrates were low. However, this was not attributed to the tsunami effect but rather to the present environmental conditions. The extent of damage at the villages of Kubang Badak and Kuala Teriang may indicate that intact coastal ecosystems such as mangroves have the potential to protect lives and property during natural disasters
Compressive Strength and Water Permeability Performance of Micronised Biomass Silica Concrete
Concrete is a common material that is widely used in construction industry. Cement is the main material component for producing concrete but its production has lead into CO2 emission. This work presents a study on Micronised Biomass Silica (MBS) that can be used as pozzolan material which can enhance the quality of concrete. The material can be produced from a by-product of biomass agricultural waste but for this study rice husk has been used. From the chemical analysis, MBS has a chemical composition that is fulfill the standard requirement for becoming pozzolan material. The result of MBS concrete shows that the MBS material can enhance the performance of concrete by increasing the compressive strength development and reducing the water permeability. The drawback of MBS is the workability of fresh concrete but can be rectify by using superplasticizer. By replacing up to 12% of cement, MBS material gives the highest performance in term of strength and permeability of the concrete
Enhanced Nonperturbative Effects in Z Decays to Hadrons
We use soft collinear effective field theory (SCET) to study nonperturbative
strong interaction effects in Z decays to hadronic final states that are
enhanced in corners of phase space. These occur, for example, in the jet energy
distribution for two jet events near E_J=M_Z/2, the thrust distribution near
unity and the jet invariant mass distribution near zero. The extent to which
such nonperturbative effects for different observables are related is
discussed.Comment: 17 pages. Paper reorganized, and more discussion and results include
Effectiveness of a guided online primary care intervention for fear of cancer recurrence:A randomised controlled trial
ObjectiveFear of Cancer Recurrence (FCR) is highly prevalent among cancer survivors and leads to decreased quality of life and increased healthcare costs. We assessed the effectiveness of a guided online primary care intervention for FCR, compared to waiting list. MethodsIn this RCT, participants were recruited online and randomised 1:1. All adults who finished successful curative cancer treatment between 3 months and 10 years ago, wanted support for FCR, and had sufficient Dutch skills were eligible. The intervention consisted of a 10‐week online programme and three to five video calling sessions with a trained mental health worker. After 6 months, the control group received the same intervention. The primary outcome was the difference between the groups in the change in FCR severity from baseline (T0) to 6 months (T2), measured online with the short form of the Fear of Cancer Recurrence Inventory. ResultsOne hundred and seventy‐three participants were enroled and randomised to the intervention (n = 86) or control group (n = 87). FCR severity dropped 2.1 points more in the intervention group than in the control group (2.7 points (SD = 3.9) versus 0.6 points (SD = 3.6), t(154) = 3.4, p = 0.0007). General mental well‐being also improved significantly in the intervention group and remained stable in the control group. These improvements remained at 10 months follow up.ConclusionsThis easily accessible and relatively inexpensive intervention effectively reduces FCR and has potential to replace or precede existing more intensive psychological treatments, improving patients' access to care. Trial registrationThe trial was prospectively registered in the Netherlands Trial Register on 25‐02‐2019 with number NL757
Need for a primary care based intervention for fear of cancer recurrence:Conclusions from the blanket trial
Background More than half of cancer survivors experience fear of cancer recurrence (FCR). There has been a call for easily accessible, inexpensive interventions for moderate FCR to complement existing specialized care. In the randomized BLANKET trial, we investigated the effectiveness of a short, primary care intervention for FCR. We report on the potential of the intervention and the suitability of primary care to offer this intervention. Methods The BLANKET trial is a cluster randomized controlled trial with change in FCR severity (severity subscale of the Fear of Cancer Recurrence Inventory) as its main outcome. Participating general practitioners invited all patients who completed successful curative cancer treatment between 3 months and 10 years ago. We report effect measures, outcome of our recruitment strategy, intervention uptake, reasons not to participate, and experiences with the intervention. Results Sixty-two of 1368 (4.5%) invited cancer survivors participated. Main reported reasons not to participate were not experiencing FCR and not wanting help. Owing to the low participation, we could not robustly evaluate the intervention's effectiveness. Indicatively, in the intention-to-treat analysis, FCR severity decreased from T0 to T1 by 2.7 points (standard deviation [SD] = 4.7) in the intervention group (n = 27) and 1.8 points (SD = 3.6) in the control group (n = 18). In the per-protocol analysis, the decreases were 3.5 points (SD = 4.5) and 0.7 points (SD = 2.7), respectively. Conclusion Although the prevalence of FCR and the need for help for FCR are high according to the literature, the uptake of our primary care–based intervention was low. Although the intervention shows potential, alternative delivery routes need to be explored because of the low number of patients who need help for FCR per primary care practice. We recommend additional research on the impact of FCR, on which patients require and desire help, and on what kind of intervention and setting are fitting for what patients
On Vanishing Theorems For Vector Bundle Valued p-Forms And Their Applications
Let be a strictly increasing function
with . We unify the concepts of -harmonic maps, minimal
hypersurfaces, maximal spacelike hypersurfaces, and Yang-Mills Fields, and
introduce -Yang-Mills fields, -degree, -lower degree, and generalized
Yang-Mills-Born-Infeld fields (with the plus sign or with the minus sign) on
manifolds. When and
the -Yang-Mills field becomes an ordinary Yang-Mills field,
-Yang-Mills field, a generalized Yang-Mills-Born-Infeld field with the plus
sign, and a generalized Yang-Mills-Born-Infeld field with the minus sign on a
manifold respectively. We also introduce the energy functional (resp.
-Yang-Mills functional) and derive the first variational formula of the
energy functional (resp. -Yang-Mills functional) with
applications. In a more general frame, we use a unified method to study the
stress-energy tensors that arise from calculating the rate of change of various
functionals when the metric of the domain or base manifold is changed. These
stress-energy tensors, linked to -conservation laws yield monotonicity
formulae. A "macroscopic" version of these monotonicity inequalities enables us
to derive some Liouville type results and vanishing theorems for forms with
values in vector bundles, and to investigate constant Dirichlet boundary value
problems for 1-forms. In particular, we obtain Liouville theorems for
harmonic maps (e.g. -harmonic maps), and Yang-Mills fields (e.g.
generalized Yang-Mills-Born-Infeld fields on manifolds). We also obtain
generalized Chern type results for constant mean curvature type equations for
forms on and on manifolds with the global doubling property
by a different approach. The case and is due to Chern.Comment: 1. This is a revised version with several new sections and an
appendix that will appear in Communications in Mathematical Physics. 2. A
"microscopic" approach to some of these monotonicity formulae leads to
celebrated blow-up techniques and regularity theory in geometric measure
theory. 3. Our unique solution of the Dirichlet problems generalizes the work
of Karcher and Wood on harmonic map
Interleukin-13 Genetic Variants, Household Carpet Use and Childhood Asthma
10.1371/journal.pone.0051970PLoS ONE81
Muon anomalous magnetic moment in the standard model with two Higgs doublets
The muon anomalous magnetic moment is investigated in the standard model with
two Higgs doublets (S2HDM) motivated from spontaneous CP violation. Thus all
the effective Yukawa couplings become complex. As a consequence of the non-zero
phase in the couplings, the one loop contribution from the neutral scalar
bosons could be positive and negative relying on the CP phases. The
interference between one and two loop diagrams can be constructive in a large
parameter space of CP-phases. This will result in a significant contribution to
muon anomalous magnetic moment even in the flavor conserving process with a
heavy neutral scalar boson ( 200 GeV) once the effective muon Yukawa
coupling is large (). In general, the one loop contributions
from lepton flavor changing scalar interactions become more important. In
particular, when all contributions are positive in a reasonable parameter space
of CP phases, the recently reported 2.6 sigma experiment vs. theory deviation
can be easily explained even for a heavy scalar boson with a relative small
Yukawa coupling in the S2HDM.Comment: 8 pages, RevTex file, 5 figures, published version Phys. Rev. D 54
(2001) 11501
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