Comment On Vortices In Chern-Simons And Maxwell Electrodynamics

We compare the vortex-like solutions of two different theories in (2+1) dimensions. In the first a nonrelativistic field self-interacts through a Chern-Simons gauge connection. It is $P$ and $T$ violating. The second is the standard Maxwell scalar electrodynamics. We show that for specific values of some parameters the same vortex-configurations provide solutions for both theories.Comment: 10 pages, Plain Te

Morbidity after surgical management of cervical cancer in low and middle income countries: A systematic review and meta-analysis

Objective: To investigate morbidity for patients after the primary surgical management of cervical cancer in low and middle-income countries (LMIC). Methods: The Pubmed, Cochrane, the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, Embase, LILACS and CINAHL were searched for published studies from 1st Jan 2000 to 30th June 2017 reporting outcomes of surgical management of cervical cancer in LMIC. Randomeffects meta-analytical models were used to calculate pooled estimates of surgical complications including blood transfusions, ureteric, bladder, bowel, vascular and nerve injury, fistulae and thromboembolic events. Secondary outcomes included five-year progression free (PFS) and overall survival (OS). Findings: Data were available for 46 studies, including 10,847 patients from 11 middle income countries. Pooled estimates were: blood transfusion 29% (95%CI 0.19–0.41, P = 0.00, I 2 = 97.81), nerve injury 1% (95%CI 0.00–0.03, I 2 77.80, P = 0.00), bowel injury, 0.5% (95%CI 0.01–0.01, I 2 = 0.00, P = 0.77), bladder injury 1% (95%CI 0.01–0.02, P = 0.10, I 2 = 32.2), ureteric injury 1% (95%CI 0.01–0.01, I 2 0.00, P = 0.64), vascular injury 2% (95% CI 0.01– 0.03, I 2 60.22, P = 0.00), fistula 2% (95%CI 0.01–0.03, I 2 = 77.32, P = 0.00,), pulmonary embolism 0.4% (95%CI 0.00–0.01, I 2 26.69, P = 0.25), and infection 8% (95%CI 0.04–0.12, 2 95.72, P = 0.00). 5-year PFS was 83% for laparotomy, 84% for laparoscopy and OS was 85% for laparotomy cases and 80% for laparoscopy. Conclusion: This is the first systematic review and meta-analysis of surgical morbidity in cervical cancer in LMIC, which highlights the limitations of the current data and provides a benchmark for future health services research and policy implementation

Degenerate Topological Vortex solutions from a generalized Abelian Higgs Model with a Chern-Simons term

We consider a generalization of the abelian Higgs model with a Chern-Simons term by modifying two terms of the usual Lagrangian. We multiply a dielectric function with the Maxwell kinetic energy term and incorporate nonminimal interaction by considering generalized covariant derivative. We show that for a particular choice of the dielectric function this model admits topological vortices satisfying Bogomol'nyi bound for which the magnetic flux is not quantized even though the energy is quantized. Furthermore, the vortex solution in each topological sector is infinitely degenerate.Comment: 13 pages (one figure not included), Revtex, IP/BBSR/93-5

Bogomol'nyi equations for solitons in Maxwell-Chern-Simons gauge theories with the magnetic moment interaction term

Without assuming rotational invariance, we derive Bogomol'nyi equations for the solitons in the abelian Chern-Simons gauge theories with the anomalous magnetic moment interaction. We also evaluate the number of zero modes around a static soliton configuration.Comment: 9 pages, Revtex, SNUTP-94/6

Topological and Nontopological Solitons in a Gauged O(3) Sigma Model with Chern-Simons term

The $O(3)$ nonlinear sigma model with its $U(1)$ subgroup gauged, where the gauge field dynamics is solely governed by a Chern-Simons term, admits both topological as well as nontopological self-dual soliton solutions for a specific choice of the potential. It turns out that the topological solitons are infinitely degenerate in any given sector.Comment: Few minor changes have been made. To appear in Phys. Lett.

Effects of a transitional palliative care model on patients with end-stage heart failure: study protocol for a randomized controlled trial

BACKGROUND: Heart failure (HF) is characterized by high rates of readmission after hospitalization, and readmission is a major contributor to healthcare costs. The transitional care model has proven efficacy in reducing the readmission rate and economic outcomes, and increasing satisfaction with care. However, the effectiveness of the transitional care model has not been evaluated in patients with end-stage HF. This study was designed to compare the customary hospital-based care and a comprehensive transitional care model, namely the Home-based Palliative HF Program (HPHP), in terms of readmission rate, quality of life, and satisfaction with care among end-stage HF patients under palliative care. METHODS/DESIGN: This is a randomized controlled trial taking place in hospitals in Hong Kong. We have been recruiting patients with end-stage HF who are identified as appropriate for palliative care during hospitalization, on referral by their physicians. A set of questionnaires is collected from each participant upon discharge. Participants are randomized to receive usual care (customary hospital-based care) or the intervention (HPHP). The HPHP will be implemented for up to 12 months. Outcome measures will be performed at 1, 3, 6, and 12 months post-discharge. The primary outcome of this study is quality of life measured by the Chronic Heart Failure Questionnaire - Chinese version; secondary outcomes include readmission rate, symptom intensity, functional status, and satisfaction with care. DISCUSSION: This study is original and will provide important information for service development in the area of palliative care. The introduction of palliative care to end-stage organ failure patients is new and has received increasing attention worldwide in the last decade. This study adopts the randomized controlled trial, a vigorous research design, to establish scientific evidence in exploring the best model for end-stage HF patients receiving palliative care. TRIAL REGISTRATION: This trial was registered as NCT02086305 on 7 March 2014 in the United States Clinical Trials Registration, and in the Clinical Trials Registry, Hong Kong University with the trial number UW12202. ELECTRONIC SUPPLEMENTARY MATERIAL: The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s13063-016-1303-7) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users

SELF-DUAL NON-ABELIAN VORTICES IN A \PHI^2 CHERN-SIMONS THEORY

We study a non-Abelian Chern-Simons gauge theory in $2+ 1$ dimensions with the inclusion of an anomalous magnetic interaction. For a particular relation between the Chern-Simons (CS) mass and the anomalous magnetic coupling the equations for the gauge fields reduce from second- to first order differential equations of the pure CS type. We derive the Bogomol'nyi-type or self-dual equations for a \bphi^2 scalar potential, when the scalar and topological masses are equal. The corresponding vortex solutions carry magnetic flux that is not quantized due to the non-toplogical nature of the solitons. However, as a consequence of the quantization of the CS term, both the electric charge and angular momentum are quantized.Comment: 14 pages, Latex file, no figure

Self-dual Vortices in the Generalized Abelian Higgs Model with Independent Chern-Simons Interaction

Self-dual vortex solutions are studied in detail in the generalized abelian Higgs model with independent Chern-Simons interaction. For special choices of couplings, it reduces to a Maxwell-Higgs model with two scalar fields, a Chern-Simons-Higgs model with two scalar fields, or other new models. We investigate the properties of the static solutions and perform detailed numerical analyses. For the Chern-Simons-Higgs model with two scalar fields in an asymmetric phase, we prove the existence of multisoliton solutions which can be viewed as hybrids of Chern-Simons vortices and $CP^1$ lumps. We also discuss solutions in a symmetric phase with the help of the corresponding exact solutions in its nonrelativistic limit. The model interpolating all three models---Maxwell-Higgs, Chern-Simons-Higgs, and $CP^1$ models--- is discussed briefly. Finally we study the possibility of vortex solutions with half-integer vorticity in the special case of the model. Numerical results are negative.Comment: 32 pages, LATEX, SNUTP 92-7