Social studies in West German schools

Includes bibliographical references and index.The authors describe the process and results of the implementation of a social sciences curriculum in German schools after World War II, and compares this curriculum with that of American schools.Authority and the unpolitical German : The cultural context of German "politische Bildung" -- The contemporary political-educational context -- The school system -- The new "politische Bildung" : The curriculum plans of the Social Democratic Party -- The curriculum -- Instructional goals -- Methods, materials, and classroom tone -- Education of teachers -- Questions for social-studies educators -- Glossary of German terms.Digitized at the University of Missouri--Columbia MU Libraries Digitization Lab in 2013. Digitized at 600 dpi with Zeutschel, OS 15000 scanner. Access copy, available in MOspace, is 400 dpi, grayscale

Halting indigenous biodiversity decline: ambiguity, equity, and outcomes in RMA assessment of significance

In New Zealand, assessment of ‘significance’ is undertaken to give effect to a legal requirement for local authorities to provide for protection of significant sites under the Resource Management Act (1991). The ambiguity of the statute enables different interests to define significance according to their goals: vested interests (developers), local authorities, and non-vested interests in pursuit of protection of environmental public goods may advance different definitions. We examine two sets of criteria used for assessment of significance for biological diversity under the Act. Criteria adapted from the 1980s Protected Natural Areas Programme are inadequate to achieve the maintenance of biological diversity if ranking is used to identify only highest priority sites. Norton and Roper-Lindsay (2004) propose a narrow definition of significance and criteria that identify only a few high-quality sites as significant. Both sets are likely to serve the interests of developers and local authorities, but place the penalty of uncertainty on non-vested interests seeking to maintain biological diversity, and are likely to exacerbate the decline of biological diversity and the loss of landscape-scale processes required for its persistence. When adopting criteria for assessment of significance, we suggest local authorities should consider whose interests are served by different criteria sets, and who will bear the penalty of uncertainty regarding biological diversity outcomes. They should also ask whether significance criteria are adequate, and sufficiently robust to the uncertainty inherent in the assessment of natural values, to halt the decline of indigenous biological diversity

Slot-vee antenna-coupled electro-optic modulator

We have demonstrated slot vee antenna-coupled electro-optic modulators at 24 GHz. (optical wavelength 1.3 µm). The lost vee antenna design allows for a more robust microwave signal feed into the LiNbO_3 chip, where the modulator itself acts as a slab waveguide for the microwave signal. The antenna-coupled design overcomes the velocity mismatch problems inherent in LiNbO_3 traveling-wave electro-optic modulators

Accretion modes in collapsars - prospects for GRB production

We explore low angular momentum accretion flows onto black holes formed after the collapse of massive stellar cores. In particular, we consider the state of the gas falling quasi-spherically onto stellar-mass black holes in the hypercritical regime, where the accretion rates are in the range 0.001 - 0.5 solar masses per second and neutrinos dominate the cooling. Previous studies have assumed that in order to have a black hole switch to a luminous state, the condition l >> r_g c, where l is the specific orbital angular momentum of the infalling gas and r_g is the Schwarszchild radius, needs to be fulfilled. We argue that flows in hyperaccreting, stellar mass disks around black holes are likely to transition to a highly radiative state when their angular momentum is just above the threshold for disk formation, l ~ 2 r_g c. In a range where l lies between r_g c and 2 r_g c, a dwarf disk forms in which gas spirals rapidly into the black hole due to general relativistic effects, without any help from horizontal viscous stresses. For high rotation rates with l greater than 2 r_g c, the luminosity is supplied by large, hot equatorial bubbles around the black hole. The highest neutrino luminosities are obtained for l ~ 2 r_g c, and this value of angular momentum also produces the most energetic neutrinos, and thus also the highest energy deposition rates. Given the range of l explored in this work, we argue that, as long as l is greater than 2 r_g c, low angular momentum cores may in fact be better suited for producing neutrino--driven explosions following core collapse in supernovae and gamma ray bursts.Comment: Revised version following referee's comments. References added. Accepted for publication in Ap

Pre-Trial Order No. 3

Twenty-two (22) stipulation of issues to be considered by the court in this case; each stipulation is agreed to by counsel for the petitioner and the respondent. Each of the stipulations (questions) presented frame the issue of a violated constitutional right of Sam Sheppard

Cavity Resonant Mode in a Metal Film Perforated with Two-Dimensional Triangular Lattice Hole Arrays

The transmission property of metallic films with two-dimensional hole arrays is studied experimentally and numerically. For a triangular lattice subwavelength hole array in a 150 nm thick Ag film, both cavity resonance and planar surface modes are identified as the sources of enhanced optical transmissions. Semi-analytical models are developed for calculating the dispersion relation of the cavity resonant mode. They agree well with the experimental results and full-wave numerical calculations. Strong interaction between the cavity resonant mode and surface modes is also observed