Culture Moderates the Relationship between Family Obligation Values and the Outcomes of Korean and European American College Students

Family obligation values have been described as an important element of collectivistic cultures that are related to the development of positive emotional well-being and motivation in high school and college students. The present study tested the hypothesis that culture moderates the relationship between family obligation values and the outcomes of Korean (n = 249) and European American (n = 251) college students. The results provided support for this hypothesis. Specifically, for Koreans, family obligation values were significantly and positively correlated with descriptions of parents as being more supportive of the self-determination of their children, which was found to mediate the relationship between family obligation values and student outcomes. Furthermore, family obligation values were more strongly associated with the motivation, self-esteem, and depression of Koreans than European Americans. European American students expressed lower family obligation values and the intensity of these values were unrelated to their emotional well-being. Family obligation values were positively correlated with reports of self-determined motivation for Korean students, and negatively correlated with reports of self-determined motivation for European American students. The results are discussed in terms of cultural moderation and self-determination theory

Investigating moderators of daily marital to parent–child spillover: Individual and family systems approaches

Objective: We tested whether cognitive reappraisal and coparenting quality moderate marital to parent–child spillover in mothers and fathers. Background: The influence of marital relationship quality on parent–child relationships, referred to as the spillover effect, is well documented. Factors that may attenuate the occurrence of spillover, however, remain unclear. Cognitive reappraisal, an emotion regulation strategy that promotes the reframing of emotional situations as neutral or positive, and coparenting—the intermediate subsystem between the marital and parent–child relationships—may buffer the effects of marital to parent–child spillover. Method: Using daily diary data from mother–father couples (N = 96) of young children (Mage = 3.22 years), we investigated coparenting quality and cognitive reappraisal as moderators of marital and parent–child spillover within and between days. Results: Dyadic multilevel models revealed within-day spillover of marital emotional climate and parent–child emotional climate for both mothers and fathers. Whereas cognitive reappraisal moderated spillover for fathers, no significant moderators emerged for mothers. Fathers also experienced next-day associations between marital emotional climate and parent–child emotional climate the following day, whereas mothers did not. Coparenting quality accounted for next-day associations between fathers’ marital emotional climate and parent–child climate. Conclusion: Overall, our results evince that although spillover can be attenuated by both cognitive reappraisal and coparenting quality for fathers, the same is not true for mothers. Implications: These results signify the importance of considering mother and father differences in empirical investigations of spillover effects and processes within the family system, and the clinical implications recommended to marriage and family therapists

A comparison of meta-analytic methods for pooling correlation matrices

Meta-analytic structural equation modeling (MASEM) consists of pooling correlation matrices across primary studies and estimating a SEM model using the pooled correlation matrix to examine a theory-driven model. While MASEM combines the advantages of meta-analysis and structural equation modeling, there are some challenges associated with combining correlation estimates across studies (e.g., missing data and within-study dependency) in MASEM. As such, this dissertation addresses which of four multivariate meta-analytic techniques [i.e., multivariate three-level meta-analysis model (MLM), robust variance estimation (RVE), the combination of MLM and RVE, and two-stage SEM (TSSEM)] provided the least bias in the elements of the pooled correlation matrix, with and without missing data. First, an empirical data analysis was conducted to demonstrate the discrepancies among the four synthesis methods in terms of pooled correlation estimates, their standard error (SE) estimates, and their 95% confidence interval estimates. Subsequently, a simulation study was conducted to examine the optimal synthesis method among the four methods for combining correlation estimates across studies in terms of the parameter and SE recovery and the parameter coverage rates. The number of studies, the within-study sample size, the degree of missingness, and the value of the ratio of sampling error: within-study: between-studies were manipulated in the simulation study. The accuracy of pooled correlation estimates was compared across the four synthesis methods in terms of relative parameter bias, relative SE bias, and coverage rates. The findings from this study indicate that the combination of the multivariate three-level meta-analysis model and the robust variance estimation is the optimal method for aggregating correlation estimates across studies under the simulation conditions considered in this dissertation. The implications for applied MASEM researchers, as well as, directions for future methodological research are discussed in this dissertationEducational Psycholog

Culture Moderates the Relationship between Family Obligation Values and the Outcomes of Korean and European American College Students

Family obligation values have been described as an important element of collectivistic cultures that are related to the development of positive emotional well-being and motivation in high school and college students. The present study tested the hypothesis that culture moderates the relationship between family obligation values and the outcomes of Korean (n = 249) and European American (n = 251) college students. The results provided support for this hypothesis. Specifically, for Koreans, family obligation values were significantly and positively correlated with descriptions of parents as being more supportive of the self-determination of their children, which was found to mediate the relationship between family obligation values and student outcomes. Furthermore, family obligation values were more strongly associated with the motivation, self-esteem, and depression of Koreans than European Americans. European American students expressed lower family obligation values and the intensity of these values were unrelated to their emotional well-being. Family obligation values were positively correlated with reports of self-determined motivation for Korean students, and negatively correlated with reports of self- determined motivation for European American students. The results are discussed in terms of cultural moderation and self-determination theory

Culture Moderates the Relationship between Family Obligation Values and the Outcomes of Korean and European American College Students

Family obligation values have been described as an important element of collectivistic cultures that are related to the development of positive emotional well-being and motivation in high school and college students. The present study tested the hypothesis that culture moderates the relationship between family obligation values and the outcomes of Korean (n = 249) and European American (n = 251) college students. The results provided support for this hypothesis. Specifically, for Koreans, family obligation values were significantly and positively correlated with descriptions of parents as being more supportive of the self-determination of their children, which was found to mediate the relationship between family obligation values and student outcomes. Furthermore, family obligation values were more strongly associated with the motivation, self-esteem, and depression of Koreans than European Americans. European American students expressed lower family obligation values and the intensity of these values were unrelated to their emotional well-being. Family obligation values were positively correlated with reports of self-determined motivation for Korean students, and negatively correlated with reports of self-determined motivation for European American students. The results are discussed in terms of cultural moderation and self-determination theory

Improving social media use for disaster resilience: challenges and strategies

This paper develops a social media-disaster resilience analysis framework by categorizing types of social media use and their challenges to better understand and assess its role in disaster resilience research and management. The framework is derived primarily from several case studies of Twitter use in three hurricane events in the United States – Hurricanes Isaac, Sandy, and Harvey. The paper first outlines four major contributions of social media data for disaster resilience research and management, which include serving as an effective communication platform, providing ground truth information for emergency response and rescue operations, providing information on people’s sentiments, and allowing predictive modeling. However, there are four key challenges to its uses, which include easy spreading of false information, social and geographical disparities of Twitter use, technical issues on processing and analyzing big and noisy data, especially on improving the locational accuracy of the tweets, and algorithm bias in AI and other types of modeling. Then, the paper proposes twenty strategies that the four sectors of the social media community – organizations, individuals, social media companies, and researchers – could take to improve social media use to increase disaster resilience