Genotype by Environment Interaction of Maize (Zea mays L.) Hybrid Yield in Guanajuato, Mexico

Objective: To evaluate phenological and yield parameters in experimental maize (Zea mays L.) hybrids across different environments.Design/Methodology/Approach: The trials were conducted under gravity irrigation conditions with 21 experimental maize crosses and four commercial hybrids. The experiment was established in three communities in Guanajuato, Mexico, during the spring-summer agricultural cycle. A randomized complete block design with three replications was used in each environment. Genotype by environment interaction analysis was performed using the AMMI model.Results: Genotypes 23, 21, and 16 achieved the highest yield, followed by genotypes 22, 6, 17, and 5, while genotypes 8 and 13 showed the lowest yield. Limitations of the Study/Implications: The promotion of these hybrids in environments within the state of Guanajuato is desirable.Findings/Conclusions: The genotypes exhibited high genetic divergence in the expression of yield parameters and their components. The outstanding hybrids were 23, 21, and 16, showing higher yields across all locations and demonstrating better adaptation to the three evaluation environments

Luminaria F2012, nueva variedad de trigo harinero para riego restringido en El Bajío

Recent efforts at the Baj ío Experimental Field of the National Research Institute of Forestry, Agriculture and Livestock (INIFAP) have allowed the development of varieties of high-yielding wheat and high levels of disease resistance. Among these is the new superior genotypes Luminaria F2012 range that outperforms Bárcenas S2002 with 8% resistant to stripe rust, moderately resistant to leaf rust and of similar quality. Luminaria F2012 seed is available in the Bajío Experimental Field.Los esfuerzos recientes en el Campo Experimental Bajío del Instituto Nacional de Investigaciones Forestales Agrícolas y Pecuarias (INIFAP), han permitido el desarrollo de variedades de trigo de alto rendimiento y altos niveles de resistencia a las enfermedades. Entre estos genotipos superiores esta la nueva variedad Luminaria F2012 que supera el rendimiento de Bárcenas S2002 con 8% además es resistente a roya lineal amarilla, moderadamente resistente a roya de la hoja y de calidad similar. La semilla de Luminaria F2012 está disponible en el Campo Experimental Bajío del INIFAP

Cisne F2016: nueva variedad de trigo harinero de gluten fuerte para El Bajío, México

The Cisne F2016 variety was developed in the Bajío Experimental Field, belonging to the National Institute of Forestry, Agriculture and Livestock Research. His pedigree and selection history is Diamond/Monarch, TR09CS113-8C-0R-0C-4RSE-0C. The performance of Cisne F2016 exceeds that of Luminaria F2012, Cortazar S94, Maya S2007, Urbina S2007 and Alondra F2014 with 64.8, 36.9, 28.7 and 19%, respectively, besides it is resistant to yellow rust, resistant to leaf rust and of high industrial quality. The seed of Cisne F2016 will be available in the Bajío Experimental Field as of July 2017. Palabras clave: Industrial quality, strong gluten, yield, yellow rust.La variedad Cisne F2016 fue desarrollada en el Campo Experimental Bajío, perteneciente al Instituto Nacional de Investigaciones Forestales, Agrícolas y Pecuarias. Su pedigrí e historial de selección es Diamante/Monarca, TR09CS113-8C-0R-0C-4RSE-0C. El rendimiento de Cisne F2016 supera al de las variedades Luminaria F2012, Cortazar S94, Maya S2007, Urbina S2007 y Alondra F2014 con 64.8, 36.9, 28.7 y 19%, respectivamente, además es resistente a roya lineal amarilla, resistente a roya de la hoja y de alta calidad industrial. La semilla de Cisne F2016 estará disponible en el Campo Experimental Bajío a partir de julio de 2017. Palabras clave: Calidad industrial, gluten fuerte, rendimiento, roya amarilla

Faisán S2016: nueva variedad de trigo harinero de gluten débil para El Bajío

FaisanS2016 is a variety of soft wheat whose flour is useful for the biscuit industry or for use in mixtures to improve strong gluten wheats. It is moderately resistant to yellow rust and shows great stability over a wide range of planting dates and irrigation schedules. Its yield exceeded by 16.8 and 18.6% the varieties of soft wheats Urbina S2007 and Maya S2007, released in 2007 and up to 21% Cortazar S94, the most sown variety in El Bajío. obtained the title of breeder, being protected until May 18, 2032; it is also registered and published in the national catalog of plant varieties, which makes it possible to consider it in the seed qualification and production programs.Faisán S2016 es una variedad de trigo suave cuya harina es útil para la industria galletera o para utilizarla en mezclas para mejorar trigos de gluten fuerte. Es moderadamente resistente a la roya amarilla y muestra gran estabilidad en un amplio rango de fechas de siembra y calendarios de riego. Su rendimiento superó en 16.8 y 18.6% a las variedades de trigos suaves Urbina S2007 y Maya S2007, liberadas en 2007 y hasta con 21% a Cortazar S94, la variedad más sembrada en El Bajío. obtuvo el título de obtentor, quedando protegida hasta el 18 de mayo de 2032; asimismo, está registrada y publicada en el catálogo nacional de variedades vegetales, con lo cual es posible considerarla en los programas de calificación y producción de semillas

The CMS Statistical Analysis and Combination Tool: COMBINE

International audienceThis paper describes the COMBINE software package used for statistical analyses by the CMS Collaboration. The package, originally designed to perform searches for a Higgs boson and the combined analysis of those searches, has evolved to become the statistical analysis tool presently used in the majority of measurements and searches performed by the CMS Collaboration. It is not specific to the CMS experiment, and this paper is intended to serve as a reference for users outside of the CMS Collaboration, providing an outline of the most salient features and capabilities. Readers are provided with the possibility to run COMBINE and reproduce examples provided in this paper using a publicly available container image. Since the package is constantly evolving to meet the demands of ever-increasing data sets and analysis sophistication, this paper cannot cover all details of COMBINE. However, the online documentation referenced within this paper provides an up-to-date and complete user guide

Search for long-lived heavy neutrinos in the decays of B mesons produced in proton-proton collisions at s\sqrt{s} = 13 TeV

International audienceA search for long-lived heavy neutrinos (N) in the decays of \PB mesons produced in proton-proton collisions at $\sqrt{s}$ = 13 TeV is presented. The data sample corresponds to an integrated luminosity of 41.6 fb$^{-1}$ collected in 2018 by the CMS experiment at the CERN LHC, using a dedicated data stream that enhances the number of recorded events containing B mesons. The search probes heavy neutrinos with masses in the range 1 $\lt$$m_\mathrm{N}$$\lt$ 3 GeV and decay lengths in the range 10$^{-2}$$\lt$$c\tau$$\lt$ 10$^{4}$ mm, where $\tau_\mathrm{N}$ is the N proper mean lifetime. Signal events are defined by the signature B $\to$$\ell_\mathrm{B}$NX; N $\to$$\ell^{\pm} \pi^{\mp}$, where the leptons $\ell_\mathrm{B}$ and $\ell$ can be either a muon or an electron, provided that at least one of them is a muon. The hadronic recoil system, X, is treated inclusively and is not reconstructed. No significant excess of events over the standard model background is observed in any of the $\ell^{\pm}\pi^{\mp}$ invariant mass distributions. Limits at 95% confidence level on the sum of the squares of the mixing amplitudes between heavy and light neutrinos, $\vert V_\mathrm{N}\vert^2$, and on $c\tau$ are obtained in different mixing scenarios for both Majorana and Dirac-like N particles. The most stringent upper limit $\vert V_\mathrm{N}\vert^2$ $\lt$ 2.0$\times$10$^{-5}$ is obtained at $m_\mathrm{N}$ = 1.95 GeV for the Majorana case where N mixes exclusively with muon neutrinos. The limits on $\vert V_\mathrm{N}\vert^2$ for masses 1 $\lt$ $m_\mathrm{N}$ $\lt$ 1.7 GeV are the most stringent from a collider experiment to date

Dark sector searches with the CMS experiment

Astrophysical observations provide compelling evidence for gravitationally interacting dark matter in the universe that cannot be explained by the standard model of particle physics. The extraordinary amount of data from the CERN LHC presents a unique opportunity to shed light on the nature of dark matter at unprecedented collision energies. This Report comprehensively reviews the most recent searches with the CMS experiment for particles and interactions belonging to a dark sector and for dark-sector mediators. Models with invisible massive particles are probed by searches for signatures of missing transverse momentum recoiling against visible standard model particles. Searches for mediators are also conducted via fully visible final states. The results of these searches are compared with those obtained from direct-detection experiments. Searches for alternative scenarios predicting more complex dark sectors with multiple new particles and new forces are also presented. Many of these models include long-lived particles, which could manifest themselves with striking unconventional signatures with relatively small amounts of background. Searches for such particles are discussed and their impact on dark-sector scenarios is evaluated. Many results and interpretations have been newly obtained for this Report.Astrophysical observations provide compelling evidence for gravitationally interacting dark matter in the universe that cannot be explained by the standard model of particle physics. The extraordinary amount of data from the CERN LHC presents a unique opportunity to shed light on the nature of dark matter at unprecedented collision energies. This Report comprehensively reviews the most recent searches with the CMS experiment for particles and interactions belonging to a dark sector and for dark-sector mediators. Models with invisible massive particles are probed by searches for signatures of missing transverse momentum recoiling against visible standard model particles. Searches for mediators are also conducted via fully visible final states. The results of these searches are compared with those obtained from direct-detection experiments. Searches for alternative scenarios predicting more complex dark sectors with multiple new particles and new forces are also presented. Many of these models include long-lived particles, which could manifest themselves with striking unconventional signatures with relatively small amounts of background. Searches for such particles are discussed and their impact on dark-sector scenarios is evaluated. Many results and interpretations have been newly obtained for this Report

Search for flavor-changing neutral current interactions of the top quark mediated by a Higgs boson in proton-proton collisions at 13 TeV

International audienceA search for flavor-changing neutral current interactions of the top quark (t) and the Higgs boson (H) is presented. The search is based on proton-proton collision data collected in 2016-2018 at a center-of-mass energy of 13 TeV with the CMS detector at the LHC, and corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 138 fb$^{-1}$. Events containing a pair of leptons with the same-sign electric charge and at least one jet are considered. The results are used to constrain the branching fraction ($\mathcal{B}$) of the top quark decaying to a Higgs boson and an up (u) or charm (c) quark. No significant excess above the estimated background was found. The observed (expected) upper limits at 95% confidence level are found to be 0.072% (0.059%) for $\mathcal{B}$(t $\to$ Hu) and 0.043% (0.062%) for $\mathcal{B}$(t $\to$ Hc). These results are combined with two other searches performed by the CMS Collaboration for flavor-changing neutral current interactions of top quarks and Higgs bosons in final states with a pair of photons or of bottom quarks. The resulting observed (expected) upper limits at 95% confidence level are 0.019% (0.027%) for $\mathcal{B}$(t $\to$ Hu) and 0.037% (0.035%) for $\mathcal{B}$(t $\to$ Hc). These results constitute the most stringent limits on these branching fractions to date

Observation of double J/ψ\psi meson production in pPb collisions at sNN\sqrt{s_\mathrm{NN}} = 8.16 TeV

International audienceThe first observation of the concurrent production of two J/$\psi$ mesons in proton-nucleus collisions is presented. The analysis is based on a proton-lead (pPb) data sample recorded at a nucleon-nucleon center-of-mass energy of 8.16 TeV by the CMS experiment at the CERN LHC and corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 174.6 nb$^{-1}$. The two J/$\psi$ mesons are reconstructed in their $\mu^+\mu^-$ decay channels with transverse momenta $p_\mathrm{T}$$\gt$ 6.5 GeV and rapidity $\lvert y \rvert$$\lt$ 2.4. Events where one of the J/$\psi$ mesons is reconstructed in the dielectron channel are also considered in the search. The pPb $\to$ J/$\psi$J/$\psi$+X process is observed with a significance of 5.3 standard deviations. The measured inclusive fiducial cross section, using the four-muon channel alone, is $\sigma$(pPb$\to$ J/$\psi$J/$\psi$+X)= 22.0 $\pm$ 8.9 (stat) $\pm$ 1.5 (syst) nb. A fit of the data to the expected rapidity separation for pairs of J/$\psi$ mesons produced in single (SPS) and double (DPS) parton scatterings yields $\sigma^{\mathrm{pPb}\to\mathrm{J}/\psi\mathrm{J}/\psi+\mathrm{X}}_\text{SPS}$ = 16.5 $\pm$ 10.8 (stat) $\pm$ 0.1 (syst) nb and $\sigma^{\mathrm{pPb}\to \mathrm{J}/\psi\mathrm{J}/\psi+\mathrm{X}}_\text{DPS}$ = 5.4 $\pm$ 6.2 (stat) $\pm$ 0.4 (syst) nb, respectively. This latter result can be transformed into a lower bound on the effective DPS cross section, closely related to the squared average interparton transverse separation in the collision, of $\sigma_\text{eff}$$\gt$ 1.0 mb at 95% confidence level