Previous attentional set can induce an attentional blink with task-irrelevant initial targets

Identification of a second target is often impaired by the requirement to process a prior target in a rapid serial visual presentation (RSVP). This is termed the attentional blink. Even when the first target is task-irrelevant an attentional blink may occur providing this first target shares similar features with the second target (contingent capture). An RSVP experiment was undertaken to assess whether this first target can still cause an attentional blink when it did not require a response and did not share any features with the following target. The results revealed that such task-irrelevant targets can induce an attentional blink providing that they were task-relevant on a previous block of trials. This suggests that irrelevant focal stimuli can distract attention on the basis of a previous attentional set

Clinical benefit of glasdegib plus low-dose cytarabine in patients with de novo and secondary acute myeloid leukemia: long-term analysis of a phase II randomized trial

This analysis from the phase II BRIGHT AML 1003 trial reports the long-term efficacy and safety of glasdegib + low-dose cytarabine (LDAC) in patients with acute myeloid leukemia ineligible for intensive chemotherapy. The multicenter, open-label study randomized (2:1) patients to receive glasdegib + LDAC (de novo, n = 38; secondary acute myeloid leukemia, n = 40) or LDAC alone (de novo, n = 18; secondary acute myeloid leukemia, n = 20). At the time of analysis, 90% of patients had died, with the longest follow-up since randomization 36 months. The combination of glasdegib and LDAC conferred superior overall survival (OS) versus LDAC alone; hazard ratio (HR) 0.495; (95% confidence interval [CI] 0.325–0.752); p = 0.0004; median OS was 8.3 versus 4.3 months. Improvement in OS was consistent across cytogenetic risk groups. In a post-hoc subgroup analysis, a survival trend with glasdegib + LDAC was observed in patients with de novo acute myeloid leukemia (HR 0.720; 95% CI 0.395– 1.312; p = 0.14; median OS 6.6 vs 4.3 months) and secondary acute myeloid leukemia (HR 0.287; 95% CI 0.151–0.548; p < 0.0001; median OS 9.1 vs 4.1 months). The incidence of adverse events in the glasdegib + LDAC arm decreased after 90 days’ therapy: 83.7% versus 98.7% during the first 90 days. Glasdegib + LDAC versus LDAC alone continued to demonstrate superior OS in patients with acute myeloid leukemia; the clinical benefit with glasdegib + LDAC was particularly prominent in patients with secondary acute myeloid leukemia. ClinicalTrials.gov identifier: NCT01546038

Survival outcomes and clinical benefit in patients with acute myeloid leukemia treated with glasdegib and low-dose cytarabine according to response to therapy

Background: The phase 2 BRIGHT AML 1003 trial evaluated efficacy and safety of glasdegib + low-dose cytarabine (LDAC) in patients with acute myeloid leukemia ineligible for intensive chemotherapy. The multicenter, open-label study randomized patients to receive glasdegib + LDAC (n = 78) or LDAC alone (n = 38). The rate of complete remission (CR) was 19.2% in the glasdegib + LDAC arm versus 2.6% in the LDAC arm (P = 0.015). Methods: This post hoc analysis determines whether the clinical benefits of glasdegib are restricted to patients who achieve CR, or if they extend to those who do not achieve CR. Results: In patients who did not achieve CR, the addition of glasdegib to LDAC improved overall survival (OS) versus LDAC alone (hazard ratio = 0.63 [95% confidence interval, 0.41-0.98]; P = 0.0182; median OS, 5.0 vs 4.1 months). Additionally, more patients receiving glasdegib + LDAC achieved durable recovery of absolute neutrophil count (≥ 1000/μl, 45.6% vs 35.5%), hemoglobin (≥ 9 g/dl, 54.4% vs 38.7%), and platelets (≥ 100,000/μl, 29.8% vs 9.7%). Transfusion independence was achieved by 15.0% and 2.9% of patients receiving glasdegib + LDAC and LDAC alone, respectively. Conclusions: Collectively, these data suggest that there are clinical benefits with glasdegib in the absence of CR. Trial registration: ClinicalTrials.gov NCT01546038 (March 7, 2012

Metal site doping in the narrow-gap semiconductor FeGa₃

The effects and feasibility of metal site doping of the tetragonal diamagnetic insulator FeGa₃ by Fe/Co, Fe/Mn and Co/Ni substitution were investigated by X-ray, electron probe microanalysis, electrical resistivity, specific heat and magnetic susceptibility measurements. Substitution of Fe by Co in FeGa₃ does not change its structure type and preserves the structure of the binary parent compound (FeGa₃), whereas the solubility of Mn in the FeGa₃ structure type is limited to 3 at.% and a finite solubility of Ni in CoGa₃ is not detected.Методами рентгенівського, мікрорентгеноспектрального аналізу, дослідження електроопору, питомої теплоємності і магнетної сприйнятливості вивчено можливість та вплив легування Fe/Co, Fe/Mn і Co/Ni у положеннях атомів металу в тетрагональній структурі діамагнетного ізолятора FeGa₃. Заміщення атомів Fe на Co у сполуці FeGa₃ не змінює її кристалічну структуру. Розчинність Mn у FeGa₃ не перевищує 3 at.%, а розчинність Ni у CoGa₃ не виявлено.Методами рентгеновского, микрорентгеноспектрального анализа, исследования электросопротивления, удельной теплоемкости и магнитной восприимчивости исследована возможность и влияние легирования Fe/Co, Fe/Mn и Co/Ni в положениях атомов металла в тетрагональной структуре диамагнитного изолятора FeGa₃. Замещение атомов Fe на Co в соединении FeGa₃ не изменяет ее кристаллическую структуру. Растворимость Mn в FeGa₃ не превышает 3 at.%, а растворимость Ni в CoGa₃ не выявлено