Psycho-pedagogical support of professional self as a social worker in the period of study in further education

The article deals with issues of professional improvement of social workers, the role of psychological and pedagogical support their professional and personal development during the period of study in the system of additional professional education, forms, methods, technologies of the educational process, contributing to this development.В статье рассматриваются вопросы профессионального самосовершенствования социальных работников, роль психолого-педагогического сопровождения их профессионально-личностного развития в период обучения в системе дополнительного профессионального образования, формы, методы, технологии учебно-образовательного процесса, способствующие данному развитию

Sentinel headache as a warning symptom of ischemic stroke

Background: There are no previous controlled studies of sentinel headache in ischemic stroke. The purpose of the present study was to evaluate the presence of such headache, its characteristics and possible risk factors as compared to a simultaneous control group. Methods: Eligible patients (n = 550) had first-ever acute ischemic stroke with presence of new infarction on magnetic resonance imaging with diffusion-weighted imaging (n = 469) or on computed tomography (n = 81). As a control group we studied in parallel patients (n = 192) who were admitted to the emergency room without acute neurological deficits or serious neurological or somatic disorders. Consecutive patients with stroke and a simultaneous control group were extensively interviewed soon after admission using validated neurologist conducted semi-structured interview forms. Based on our previous study of sentinel headache in transient ischemic attacks we defined sentinel headache as a new type of headache or a previous kind of headache with altered characteristics (severe intensity, increased frequency, absence of effect of drugs) within seven days before stroke. Results: Among 550 patients with stroke 94 patients (17.1%) had headache during seven days before stroke and 12 (6.2%) controls (p < 0.001; OR 3.9; 95% CI 1.7-5.8). Totally 81 patients (14.7%) had sentinel headache within the last week before stroke and one control. Attacks of arrythmia during seven days before stroke were significantly associated with sentinel headache (p = 0.04, OR 2.3; 95% CI 1.1-4.8). Conclusions: A new type of headache and a previous kind of headache with altered characteristics during one week before stroke are significantly more prevalent than in controls. These headaches represent sentinel headaches. Sudden onset of such headaches should alarm about stroke. © 2020 The Author(s)

Childhood environmental health concerns in Russia

Environmental Health Centre (EHC) is one of the few Russian organisations responsible for the development of environmental epidemiology and health risk assessment methodologies in Russia. Being a WELL resource centre network partner we considered the possibilities for environmental interventions to address major causes of child mortality and morbidity and environmental health concerns in Russia. It was based on the results of the preliminary scoping studies carried out by our Centre during May – October 2002. The scoping studies themselves were based on published and unpublished literature and on consultations with key stakeholders

Typology of strategies of personality meaning-making during professional education

The importance of the studied issue is conditioned by the fact that high dynamic of processes in the labour market requires constant work of an individual on self-determination and search for significance of his/her professional activity. The purpose of research is theoretical development and empirical verification of the types of strategies of meaning-making based on perceptions of future in terms of professional self-determination of the personality at the stage of vocational training. Basic research methods: modelling, psychosemantic approach, allowing to perform research process with the possibility of more in-depth analysis of the results. Research results: the model of the semantical future in the consciousness of the personality, which includes affective, cognitive, activity and intentional components is developed and empirically verified; the types of strategies of meaning-making based on perceptions of future in terms of professional selfdetermination of the personality at the stage of vocational training is identified, the typology includes the following 3 types of the meaning-making strategies: strategy of integration of the meaning of education and profession in the model of own future, strategy of disintegration and strategy of uncertainty and delay of the semantical choice. Significance of results: analysis of the semantical grounds for future professional activity will help optimize the training of a competent, competitive and adaptive specialist ready to continuous self-development, and to intensify the process of professional self-determination and building life and professional prospects of the personality at the stage of vocational training, as exactly at this stage the professional competence and identity is built up. © 2016 Shchipanova et al

Is multiculturalism in Russia possible? Intercultural relations in North Ossetia-Alania

This article examines intercultural relations in the Republic of North Ossetia-Alania (RNO-A). The research is based on the theory of acculturation of J. Berry and uses the hypotheses and measures developed in the Mutual Intercultural Relations in Plural Societies project. The RNO-A is the most favorable place for Russians living in the North Caucasus because attitudes toward the Russian minority in the RNO-A are not discriminatory. Our goal was to test three hypotheses in the RNO-A: the multiculturalism hypothesis, the integration hypothesis, and the contact hypothesis. We conducted a sociopsychological survey. The sample included members of the ethnic majority, the Ossetians (N= 318), and members of the ethnic minority, the Russians (N= 327). Data processing was carried out using structural equation modeling (SEM) separately for the ethnic minority and for the ethnic majority, and the models were compared with each other. The results show that perceived security among the Russians (the ethnic minority) as well as among the Ossetians (the ethnic majority) promoted support for a multicultural ideology, tolerance, and mutual integration. The number and frequency of friendly intercultural contacts had a positive and significant impact on a preference for integration among both the Ossetians and the Russians. An integration strategy and the expectation of integration promoted life satisfaction in both groups. Because the results of the study confirmed all three hypotheses, we conclude that interethnic relations between the Russians and the Ossetians in the RNO-A are based on the principles of multiculturalism

Magnetically operated nanorelay based on two single-walled carbon nanotubes filled with endofullerenes Fe@C20

Structural and energy characteristics of the smallest magnetic endofullerene Fe@C20 have been calculated using the density functional theory approach. The ground state of Fe@C20 is found to be a septet state, and the magnetic moment of Fe@C20 is estimated to be 8 Bohr magnetons. Characteristics of an (8,8) carbon nanotube with a single Fe@C20 inside are studied in the framework of the semiempirical approach. The scheme of a magnetic nanorelay based on cantilevered nanotubes filled with magnetic endofullerenes is elaborated. The proposed nanorelay is turned on as a result of bending of nanotubes by a magnetic force. Operational characteristics of such a nanorelay based on (8,8) and (21,21) nanotubes fully filled with Fe@C20 are estimated and compared to the ones of a nanorelay made of a (21,21) nanotube fully filled with experimentally observed (Ho3N)@C80 with the magnetic moment of 21 Bohr magnetons. Room temperature operation of (21,21) nanotube based nanorelays is shown.Comment: 18 pages, 9 figure

Influence of long- and short-term climatic changes on chernozem soils : Central Chernozem region of Russia

The main purpose of this article is the identification of forest-steppe and steppe chernozem soils (Eastern European Mollisols) reactions to climate change with different periodicitiesyesBelgorod State National Research Universit

SHORTFALL IN INCOMES OF A REGIONAL GAS DISTRIBUTION ORGANIZATION: ANALYSIS AND MODELLING

The problem of generating shortfall in incomes in a gas distribution organization as a result of changes in the state`s institutional standards has been considered. Shortfall in incomes exacerbate the problem of a shortage of investment resources directed by a territorial organization to develop distribution networks. Thereby it has a negative impact on the region’s infrastructure development and on population’s life quality, especially rural population. The main part of the study has been made up of a comprehensive analysis of the shortfall in incomes of a gas distribution organization during 2015-2017, the process of their creation is described. Two methods for pricing shortfall in income: the existing order of calculation and the fixed-cost method have been compared. To estimate the shortfall in incomes elasticity by the connection number for individuals with the gas pipeline-inputs construction, a correlation-regression model has been built that has a high degree of reliability. This model can be used by an enterprise during the operational planning process. It has been concluded, that overcoming the growth tendency of shortfall in incomes is possible by reducing the balance value of the facility. Therefore, further research in this area should be aimed at finding ways to reduce the production cost

Имплантируемые кардиовертеры-дефибрилляторы в профилактике внезапной сердечной смерти: современные рекомендации по применению и реальная клиническая практика (обзор литературы)

Implantable cardioverter-defibrillators (ICDs) are considered to be the most beneficial in preventing sudden cardiac death (SCD), especially in patients with reduced left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF). However, major large-scale randomized clinical trials on ICD effectiveness were conducted 20 years ago and do not reflect current realities. Modern ICDs and methods for treating heart failure have drastically improved. New clinical reality requires reconsideration of approaches to determining the risk of SCD and indications for ICD, personalization of device selection and programming, and identification of barriers that prevent ubiquitous use of the method in real clinical practice.The article reviews the available evidence base on the use of ICDs, current clinical guidelines, complications following the device implantation, and any difficulties associated with ICD application in routine clinical practice.После завершения основных крупномасштабных рандомизированных клинических исследований около 20 лет назад, имплантируемые кардиовертеры-дефибрилляторы (ИКД) являются основой профилактики внезапной сердечной смерти (ВСС), особенно у пациентов с низкой фракцией выброса левого желудочка. За прошедшее время эволюционировали как сами устройства, так и методы лечения сердечной недостаточности. Новые медицинские реалии требуют пересмотра существующих подходов к определению риска ВСС, показаний для ее профилактики с помощью ИКД, индивидуализации выбора и программирования устройства, а также объективизации проблем, ограничивающих широкое применение метода в реальной клинической практике.В обзоре рассматриваются существующая доказательная база использования ИКД и позиции современных клинических рекомендаций, проблемы, возникающие после установки ИКД и пути их решения, а также вопросы применения ИКД в реальной клинической практике