39 research outputs found

    Improving the Clinical Application of Natural Killer Cells by Modulating Signals Signal from Target Cells

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    Relapsed acute myeloid leukemia (AML) is a significant post-transplant complication lacking standard treatment and associated with a poor prognosis. Cellular therapy, which is already widely used as a treatment for several hematological malignancies, could be a potential treatment alternative. Natural killer (NK) cells play an important role in relapse control but can be inhibited by the leukemia cells highly positive for HLA class I. In order to restore NK cell activity after their ex vivo activation, NK cells can be combined with conditioning target cells. In this study, we tested NK cell activity against KG1a (AML cell line) with and without two types of pretreatment-Ara-C treatment that induced NKG2D ligands (increased activating signal) and/or blocking of HLA-KIR (killer-immunoglobulin-like receptors) interaction (decreased inhibitory signal). Both treatments improved NK cell killing activity. Compared with target cell killing of NK cells alone (38%), co-culture with Ara-C treated KG1a target cells increased the killing to 80%. Anti-HLA blocking antibody treatment increased the proportion of dead KG1a cells to 53%. Interestingly, the use of the combination treatment improved the killing potential to led to the death of 85% of KG1a cells. The combination of Ara-C and ex vivo activation of NK cells has the potential to be a feasible approach to treat relapsed AML after hematopoietic stem cell transplantation

    Phytochemical Screening and TLC Profiling of Combination Extracts of Avocado (Persea americana Mill.) and Papaya (Carica papaya) Leaves from Timor Island

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    Traditionally in the village of Alor, East Nusa Tenggara Province, a combination of avocado and papaya leaves is often used to treat malaria. To be able to be developed as an ingredient in traditional medicine, it is necessary to conduct preliminary research to determine the content of secondary metabolites contained in the combination of avocado and papaya leaves. This study aims to determine the secondary metabolites contained in avocado and papaya leaves through phytochemical screening and Thin Layer Chromatography (TLC) analysis. Extraction was carried out using methanol solvent by maceration, and the extract yield was 91.4%. Testing the content of secondary metabolites in avocado and papaya leaf extracts was carried out by phytochemical screening. Furthermore, the TLC test was carried out to confirm the presence of a positive group of compounds on phytochemical screening, and to determine the chromatographic profile of the extract. After being tested by phytochemical and TLC analysis, the extract contains several metabolites, including flavonoids, alkaloids, tannins, saponins, and steroids. The TLC system used in this study can separate the phytochemical content and give positive results that confirm the results of the phytochemical screening

    PENGUATAN LITERASI SAINS MELALUI EKSPERIMEN IPA SEDERHANA

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    Literasi merupakan kemampuan yang harus dimiliki oleh setiap orang. Ada enam aspek literasi dasar yakni literasi bahasa, literasi angka, literasi sains, literasi teknologi informasi dan komunikasi, literasi keuangan, literasi budaya, dan kewarganegaraan. Literasi sains lebih tinggi dari literasi bahasa dan numerasi. Literasi sains berkaitan dengan pengetahuan, kemampuan berpikir dan proses ilmiah. Literasi ini dapat dilakukan melalui kegiatan pengamatan, pengukuran, klasifikasi, penentuan, prediksi dan inferensi yang identik dengan ilmu IPA. Kegiatan ini bertujuan untuk memberikan penguatan literasi sains IPA yang berkaitan dengan konsep kimia melalui eksperimen sederhana. Metode pengumpulan data yang digunakan adalah observasi. Data yang diperoleh dianalisis secara deskriptif. Berdasarkan analisis data diketahui rata-rata ketercapaian literasi bahasa dan literasi sains yang diperoleh melalui kegiatan eksperimen sederhana berturut-turut adalah 72,2 % dan 81,0%

    EDUKASI PEMBUATAN HAND SANITIZER BAGI MASYARAKAT KELURAHAN LILIBA KOTA KUPANG

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    The increasing of Covid-19 spread is certainly a challenge for the community in incounter of COVID-19 pandemic. The implementation of health protocols and public understanding about COVID-19 must to be improved. One form of health protocol is the hand sanitizers utillization. Hand sanitizer can be bought at by various prices. The availability of natural abundance is the basis reason for innovations to be produce the hand sanitizers. Educational activities for the hand sanitizers produce  made from betel leaf and aloe vera in the Liliba sub-district, of Kupang city using the video and YouTube as well as socialization to the community aims to provide information for the community to utiliize the natural ingredients to create the hand sanitizers. This is carried out to support the implementation of health protocols. The selection of video tutorial media is because the community can be widely access. In addition the other  activities socializing about the hand sanitizers produce and distributing the home made hand sanitizer products. The socialization involved the Liliba sub-district Covid-19 team. The hand sanitizers that have been produced by practical students of chemistry educational study program of Widya Mandira University are then distributed to the audience of the socialization. The hand sanitizer production brochure distributed to the public as a  simple way of academics contributing ideas to help the community on COVID-19 pandemic.Penyebaran Covid-19 yang semakin meningkat tentu menjadi tantangan bagi masyarakat dalam menghadapi pandemi Covid-19. Protokol kesehatan ketat dan pemahaman masyarakat akan bahaya Covid-19 perlu ditingkatkan. Salah satu bentuk protokol kesehatan adalah penggunaan hand sanitizer. Hand sanitizer dapat dibeli dengan harga yang bervariasi. Ketersediaan bahan alam menjadi dasar inovasi yang perlu dilakukan untuk memproduksi hand sanitizer. Kegiatan edukasi dan produksi hand sanitizer menggunakan daun sirih dan daun lidah buaya di kelurahan Liliba, kota Kupang memanfaatkan media video dan YouTube serta sosialisasi kepada masyarakat bertujuan untuk memberikan informasi bagi masyarakat guna memanfaatkan potensi di lingkungan sekitar untuk membuat hand sanitizer. Hal ini dilaksanakan dalam rangka menunjang penerapan protokol kesehatan. Pemilihan media video tutorial karena bisa diakses secara luas oleh masyarakat. Selain kegiatan edukasi melalui video tutorial, kegiatan lain yang dilaksanakan dengan memperhatikan protokol kesehatan ketat diantaranya sosialisasi cara memproduksi hand sanitizer dan pendistribusian produk hand sanitizer. Sosialisasi melibatkan tim penanganan Covid-19 kelurahan Liliba. Hand sanitizer yang telah diproduksi oleh mahasiswa KKN-PPM kemudian dibagikan kepada warga saat sosialiasi berlangsung. Adapun brosur produksi hand sanitizer yang dibagikan merupakan bukti keterlibatan kaum akademisi dalam menyumbangkan ide untuk membantu masyarakat memerangi pandemi Covid-19

    Seasonal influence of wave action on thread production in \u3cem\u3eMytilus edulis\u3c/em\u3e

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    The blue mussel Mytilus edulis maintains a strong attachment to the substrate in high energy environments by producing byssal threads. On the shores of Rhode Island, USA, mussel attachment strength increases twofold in spring compared to that in the fall. While many factors could influence attachment strength (temperature, food supply, predator cues, etc.), it has been proposed that the variation observed is primarily due to increased thread production during winter and spring in response to increased wave action. This study evaluates the influence of three aspects of wave action on the thread production of M. edulis. Mussels were exposed to flow, acceleration and byssal loading stimuli and the subsequent number of byssal threads produced in the laboratory was monitored. Increased flow elicited the strongest response, significantly decreasing thread production in mussels. This result was confirmed in flume experiments exposing mussels to a range of flows, with reduced thread production above 15 cm s–1. The influence of both acceleration and byssal loading was sporadic and inconsistent across seasons. Surprisingly, overall thread production in the laboratory was lowest in winter, a time when mussels typically peak in attachment. A similar seasonal pattern was observed in field assays, with high thread production during periods of elevated temperature, reduced wave action, and high reproductive condition. These results suggest that seasonal variation in attachment strength does not reflect increased thread production in response to wave action, and that other possible factors, such as seasonal variability in both the material properties of byssal threads and thread decay rates, warrant further investigation

    Australasian Sleep Association position statement on consensus and evidence based treatment for primary snoring

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    Primary snoring impacts a significant portion of the adult population and has the potential to significantly impair quality of life. The purpose of these guidelines is to provide evidence-based recommendations to assist Australasian practitioners in the management of adult patients who present with primary snoring without significant obstructive sleep apnoea. The Timetable, Methodology and Standards by which this Position Statement has been established is outlined in the Appendix S1. The main recommendations are: Weight loss, and reduced alcohol consumption should be recommended, where appropriate If clinical judgement dictates, benzodiazepine and opioid reduction or avoidance may be advised Positional therapy should be considered in supine dominant snorers In dentate patients, Mandibular advancement devices (MAD) should be recommended as a first line treatment following assessment by both an appropriate Dentist and Sleep physician Continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) devices may be recommended in patients with primary snoring in those already committed to their use or willing to try Surgical treatment of primary snoring by an appropriately credentialled surgeon may be advised and includes nasal (adjunctive), palatal and other interventions. This position statement has been designed based on the best available current evidence and our combined expert clinical experience to facilitate the management of patients who present with primary snoring. It provides clinicians with a series of both non-surgical and surgical options with the aim of achieving optimal symptom control and patient outcomes. This is the first such set of recommendations to be established within Australasia and has also been reviewed and endorsed by the Australasian Sleep Association
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