Climate change and farmers' adaptation : a case study of mixed farming systems in the coastal areas in Trieu Van commune, Trieu Phong district, Quang Tri province, Vietnam

The objectives of this research are (1) to describe and analyze science and local perceptions on long-term changes in temperature, precipitation and drought, (2) to assess impact of drought on mixed farming system, various farm-level adaptation measures and capacity of community to drought adaptation. The study was conducted in a coastal commune, named Trieu Van commune in Trieu Phong district, Quang Tri province. Data and information were collected using in depth interview, group discussion and questionnaire with 59 households. The findings showed that drought heavily influenced daily livelihood of local people in the study area. The statistical analysis of the climate data showed that temperature and drought has been increased over the years. Precipitation was characterized by large inter-annual variability and a decreased amount during summer. Farmers’ perceptions on temperature and precipitation as well as drought were consistent with trends found in climatic data records. Agricultural land and water resources were affected increasingly and negatively by drought. The indicators of these negative impacts are: the reduction of yields and quality of products of crops, livestock, and aquaculture due to increasing pests and diseases. As a result, production costs are increased. The study has also shown how local farmers have made significant efforts to implement adaptation measures to drought and to its impacts. Several farming adaptation options were found, such as using drought-tolerant varieties and local breeds; 42.3% of surveyed households applied VAC(R) model; adjusting seasonal calendar and scale of crops, livestock and fish production (100% interviewed farmers applied this); intercropping, rotational cultivation and diversifying crops and animals in the farm; changing land preparation and mulch techniques in crop production as well as techniques in livestock and fish management. Finding alternative livelihood options and migration were found as important adaptation options. Access to natural resource, supports from policies and non-government organizations, farming experiences, forest planting and potential livestock production development, are the main conditions and potentials to manage and adapt to drought. Several difficulties for scaling up the options found include: Poor sandy land, lacking irrigation system, lacking of financial support, low capacity of agricultural staff creating barrier to access to the extension service and transfer technology; lack of policies mechanism to support research and development technologies, appropriate to the changing local context due to climate change

Research on Urban Land Use Change in Ha Noi, Viet Nam Using Remote Sensing and GIS for Planning Oriented Work

Currently, 55% of the world’s population lives in urban areas, this proportion is expected to increase to 68% by 2050. In the next 30 years, a large amount of the world's population is predictably concentrated in urban areas in the developing world. Ha Noi is the capital and largest city of Viet Nam which has the average growth rate of approximately 3% per year. Urban development management has become an important issue in Viet Nam since the negative impacts of the urban sprawl on the environmental sustainability, life quality has been increasing as well. Hence, urban planning and management would be pivotal for creating the effective framework conditions for a sustainable development. The objective of our study is to explore the urban growth of Ha Noi using the Landsat images from 1975 to 2020 compared to the city planning. The volatility analysis information from classified urban land maps is considered supportive for urban management and planning oriented work. In addition, the remote sensing data analysis is a useful tool to support planners, managers for urban management and decision. This study results showed the urban land area in study site city has been growing about 3 times and the largest rate (4-6 times) for the Dong Anh, Tu Liem, Gia Lam and smallest rate (10-25%) for Ba Dinh and Hai Ba Trung districts

Assessing local people’s satisfaction on resettlement arrangements of A Luoi Hydropower project, Thua Thien Hue Province

This study aims to estimate the level of satisfaction about resettlement arrangements for local people who have been affected by A Luoi hydroelectric construction project in the Thua Thien Hue province. This research used the Likert scale method to assess the satisfaction level of 98 households living in two of the resettlement sites. Results illustrate that there is variations in the level of satisfaction of local people in the two resettlement sites, Hong Thuong and Hong Ha. In the resettlement area (RA) of the Hong Thuong Commune, people are dissatisfied with the location arrangement. There is a lack of quality in the houses built, been damaged, cracked and degraded, since the construction design is not appropriate for the customs and practices of local people, with a satisfaction rating of 1.07. Meanwhile, at the resettlement site of the Hong Ha commune, people felt satisfied with the arrangement site of the RA and allocated residential land area with the satisfaction rating of 4.19. Our results will help the government, as well as the project owners, to understand the points of dissatisfaction of local people in order to have accordant solutions, ensuring the stable life for local people in those settlement areas.Nghiên cứu này nhằm mục đích đánh giá được mức độ hài lòng của người dân về việc bố trí tái định cư (TĐC) cho người dân bị ảnh hưởng bởi dự án xây dựng thuỷ điện A Lưới, tỉnh Thừa Thiên Huế. Nghiên cứu đã sử dụng phương pháp thang đo Likert để đánh giá mức độ hài lòng của 98 hộ dân sống tại hai khu tái định cư Hồng Thượng và Hồng Hạ. Kết quả nghiên cứu đã cho thấy có sự khác nhau về mức độ hài lòng của người dân tại hai khu TĐC. Tại khu TĐC Hồng Thượng người dân thấy không hài lòng về địa điểm bố trí TĐC, nhà ở được xây dựng thiếu chất lượng đã bị hư hỏng, nứt nẻ xuống cấp, thiết kế xây dựng không phù hợp với phong tục, tập quán của người dân địa phương, với chỉ số đánh giá hài lòng là 1,07. Trong khi đó, tại khu TĐC xã Hồng Hạ người dân lại thấy hài lòng về điểm bố trí TĐC và diện tích đất ở được cấp, với chỉ số đánh giá hài lòng là 4,19. Kết quả nghiên cứu của đề tài sẽ giúp cho chính quyền cũng như chủ đầu tư dự án nắm rõ những điểm không hài lòng của người dân để có hướng giải quyết phù hợp nhằm đảm bảo cuộc sống ổn định cho người dân tại nơi tái định cư

Automated Extraction of Tree Adjoining Grammars from a Treebank for Vietnamese

International audienceIn this paper, we present a system that automatically extracts lexicalized tree adjoining grammars (LTAG) fromtreebanks.We first discuss in detail extraction algorithms and compare themto previous works. We then report the first LTAG extraction result for Vietnamese, using a recently released Vietnamese treebank. The implementation of an open source and language independent system for automatic extraction of LTAG grammars is also discussed

Para-Social Interaction and Trust in Live-Streaming Sellers

Live streaming is one of the modern methods that allows sellers to create, transmit, or broadcast some content on the internet in real-time, and it has been used by many small individual merchants. Understanding how live streaming contributes to online consumption is becoming increasingly important in social commerce as the live-streaming industry has grown more and more popular. However, the number of studies on live streaming is still quite limited in Vietnam. Therefore, this research will look at the mechanism that enables live streaming to boost customer trust in streamers. Using PLS-SEM on a sample of 360 respondents who viewed selling live streams on social network sites in Vietnam, we discovered that other members' endorsement, value similarity, hedonic value, and utilitarian value contribute to good para-social interaction. Next, utilitarian and hedonic values, streamer product expertise, and para-social interaction all positively affect trust in the streamers. The findings could help live-streaming sellers better understand their social interactions with viewers, resulting in increased customer trust. Doi: 10.28991/ESJ-2023-07-03-06 Full Text: PD

Genetic characteristics of Panax vietnamensis Ha & Grushv. populations based on ssr

The results of genetic analysis of two Panax vietnamensis populations, collected in Tac-ngo ginseng garden, Tra Linh commune, Quang Nam Province and Mang ri ginseng garden, Kon Tum Province, showed that the population of ngoc linh ginseng in Quang Nam has higher alen frequency compared to the Ngoc Linh ginseng population in Kon Tum (AR = 2.27 AR = 2.05). The population of ngoc linh ginseng in Quang Nam has the expected heterozygous frequency (He) higher than the expected heterozygous frequency of the ginseng population in Kon Tum (0.42 0.4). The observed heterozygous frequency (Ho) of the ngoc linh population in Quang Nam was also higher than the observed heterozygous frequency compared to the ngoc linh ginseng population in Kon Tum (0.49 0.43). These results demonstrated that both populations of ngoc linh ginseng in Quang Nam and Kon Tum are maintaining high heterozygous frequencies; self-pollination has not affected to the genetic structure of these both populations yet. However, the population of ngoc linh ginseng in Quang Nam showed a higher level of diversity and heterozygous frequency than the ngoc linh ginseng population in Kon Tum.

THE IMPACT OF INNOVATION ON ECONOMIC GROWTH: THE SPILLOVER EFFECT OF FOREIGN DIRECT INVESTMENT

Purpose of the study: Innovation is seen as the key to improving quality and productivity, thereby promoting competition and economic growth. This study analyzes the impact of innovation on economic growth through various measures, such as research and development spending, the number of researchers, number of patents as well as trademark registrations. Research results are evidence to recommend policies for intellectual-based economic growth. Methodology: Literature review and empirical analysis conducted in the study. The empirical method is a two-step System Generalize Methods of Moments (GMM), aiming at reliable results. Accessing the World Bank Database, research data from 64 developed and developing countries are collected from 2006 to 2014. Main Findings: The empirical findings show that innovation plays a crucial contribution in promoting economic growth, similar to national openness and government spending on education. This study also finds a positive impact on foreign investment flows and their spillover role in enhancing the correlation between innovation and economic growth. Applications of this study: The findings of this study focus on the contributions of innovation, foreign direct investment inflows, and other macro factors that can be enforced to improve economic growth by policymakers. Novelty/Originality of this study: The study uses different measures of innovation, including inputs such as the number of researchers, research and development expenditure, and outputs as the number of patents and number of trademark registrations. Empirical findings are found consistently, thus confirming that innovation is very important for economic growth. The study also shows convincing evidence confirming the positive contribution of foreign direct investment as well as its spillover effect on innovation and economic growth

Automated Extraction of Tree Adjoining Grammars from a Treebank for Vietnamese

International audienceIn this paper, we present a system that automatically extracts lexicalized tree adjoining grammars (LTAG) from treebanks. We first discuss in detail extraction algorithms and compare them to previous works. We then report the first LTAG extraction result for Vietnamese, using a recently released Vietnamese treebank. The implementation of an open source and language independent system for automatic extraction of LTAG grammars is also discussed