Current medical product development for diagnosis, surgical planning and treatment in the areas of Neurosurgery, Orthopeadic and Dental-Cranio-Maxillofacial surgery in Vietnam

With the population of 86 million and good GDP growth in recent decades, the medical market in Vietnam is growing fast. However, most of the medical technology products are imported, and the number of locally manufactured ones is limited and they do not have the high competition capability in term of quality, quantity and types. In this paper, the current product development in Vietnam for diagnosis, surgical planning and treatment in the areas of Rehabilitation, Neurosurgery, Orthopeadic and Dental-Cranio-Maxillofacial surgery is presented. A roadmap for medical technology development in Vietnam is propose

Medical reverse engineering applications and methods

Understanding, controlling and manipulation of patient data as well as shape, geometry and structure of the biomedical objects are important for developing Biomedical Engineering (BME) applications. Medical Reverse Engineering (MRE) is aimed to use the Reverse Engineering (RE) technology to reconstruct 3D models of the anatomical structures and biomedical objects for design and manufacturing of medical products as well as BME research and development. This paper presents the state of the art applications and methods about MRE. Different concepts and methodologies are provided to understand fundamentally the MRE processes and workflow. The key MRE applications are presented, including personalised implants for bone reconstruction, dental implants and simulations, surgical tools, medical training, vision science and optometry, orthopedics, ergonomics, orthosis, prosthesis, and tissue engineering. The current challenges as well as the hardware and software for MRE application development and research are discussed

Interference Analysis for OFDM Transmissions in the Presence of Time-Varying Channel Impairments

This paper is concerned with the detrimental effect of phase noise on the performance of orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) transmissions over time-selective channels. In the literature, most of the existing papers analyze the performance of OFDM systems in the presence of either time-selective channels or phase noise. Unlike the existing studies, this paper formulates an approximate expression of signal-to-interference-plus-noise ratio (SINR) at an OFDM receiver in the presence of both phase noise and time-selective channel response. The formulated SINR expression can be used as a guideline in determining appropriate OFDM transmission settings under a given quality-of-service (QoS) requirement. To illustrate the tightness of the approximate SINR formulation, empirical and theoretical values of SINR under different OFDM system settings are presented in this paper

Chemical profiles and biological activities of acetone extracts of nine Annonaceae plants

This study investigated the chemical components and bioactivities of acetone leaf extracts of nine Annonaceae plants collected in the Binh Chau-Phuoc Buu Nature Reserve, Vietnam. A total of 182 constituents were identified, with linolenic acid, diaeudesmin, germacrene D, 1-octadecenoic acid, 8-(3-octyl-2-oxiranyl)-1-octanol, oleic acid, and phenylmethyl ester being the major compounds. The antimicrobial activity of the extracts was evaluated using a disc diffusion assay. Eight of the nine extracts, except for the Mitrephora thorelii extract, showed an inhibition effect against Bacillus cereus and Staphylococcus aureus. The antioxidant activity of the extracts was determined using DPPH assay, and the cytotoxic activity was deter mined using SRB assay. The results showed that the acetone extracts of Artabotrys hexapetalus, Uvularia grandiflora, Polyalthia luensis, Xylopia pierrei, Sphaerocoryne affinis, Desmos cochinchinensis, Uvaria littoralis, Mitrephora thorelii, and Goniothalamus touranensis had significant activity with IC50 for the DPPH radical scavenging activity ranging from 18.56 to 702.33 μg/mL, and the IC50 for the cytotoxic effects ranged from 5.39 to 251.77 μg/mL. Overall, the results obtained provide experimental evidence for the potential use of these plants in medicine and other related fields

Feasibility of wearable monitors to detect heart rate variability in children with hand, foot and mouth disease

Hand foot and mouth disease (HFMD) is caused by a variety of enteroviruses, and occurs in large outbreaks in which a small proportion of children deteriorate rapidly with cardiopulmonary failure. Determining which children are likely to deteriorate is difficult and health systems may become overloaded during outbreaks as many children require hospitalization for monitoring. Heart rate variability (HRV) may help distinguish those with more severe diseases but requires simple scalable methods to collect ECG data.We carried out a prospective observational study to examine the feasibility of using wearable devices to measure HRV in 142 children admitted with HFMD at a children's hospital in Vietnam. ECG data were collected in all children. HRV indices calculated were lower in those with enterovirus A71 associated HFMD compared to those with other viral pathogens.HRV analysis collected from wearable devices is feasible in a low and middle income country (LMIC) and may help classify disease severity in HFMD

Energy-loss Function for Lead

We study the energy-loss function for lead in the framework of the time-dependent density functional theory, using the full-potential linearized augmented plane-wave plus local orbitals method. The ab initio calculations are performed in the adiabatic local density approximation. The comparison between the obtained energy-loss function for zero momentum transfer with those from reflection electron energy loss spectroscopy measurements and from first-principles calculations shows good agreement

Chemical profiles and antibacterial activity of acetone extract of two Curcuma species from Vietnam

Curcuma thorelii Gagnep. and Curcuma cotuana Luu, Škorni?k. & H.?.Tr?n are the rare species only found in Southeast Asia. The present study was the first to explore the chemical compositions and antibacterial effects of the whole plant acetone extracts of these 2 species. Altogether 41 and 31 compounds have been identified in C. thorelii and C. cotuana extracts by gas chromatography/mass spectrometry. Accordingly, the C. thorelii extract contained (E)-labda-8(17),12-diene-15,16-dial (33.37%), vitamin E (12.33%), phytol (9.83%) as the major compounds while C. cotuana extract contained predominantly (E)-labda-8(17),12-diene-15,16-dial (14.58%), n-hexadecanoic acid (10.96%), 3,7,11,15-tetramethylhexadec-2-en-1-yl acetate (8.13%), ?-sitosterol (7.97%). In addition, results from disc diffusion assay have shown that C. thorelii acetone extract had inhibitory effects on 5 out of 10 pathogenic bacterial strains such as Bacillus cereus (ATCC 11778), Listeria monocytogenes (ATCC 19111), Staphylococcus aureus (ATCC 25923), S. aureus (ATCC 29213) and S. saprophyticus (BAA750) while C. cotuana acetone extract was found to be effective only against B. cereus. The obtained results showed that the acetone extracts of C. thorelii and C. cotuana possessed several valuable bioactive compounds as well as promising antibacterial activity, which place a good foundation for future pharmaceutical product development

Security-reliability analysis in CR-NOMA IoT network under I/Q imbalance

This paper presents a controllable analysis framework for evaluating the reliability and security of underlay cognitive radio networks (CRs) relying on non-orthogonal multiple access (NOMA). In such systems, a secondary base station (BS) transmits confidential information to multiple secondary users uniformly distributed in the presence of a nearby located external eavesdropper. Moreover, transmit power constraints are introduced to limit the interference to the primary imposed by cognitive base stations. As an effective approach of multiple input single output (MISO) systems, the transmit antenna selection (TAS) is selected in the BS to improve the secrecy performance of the primary networks. Furthermore, we first consider the impact of quadrature-phase imbalance (IQI) to characterize the secure performance of the considered network in practice. Then, the degraded performance is evaluated in terms of outage probability (OP), intercept probability (IP), and effective secrecy throughput (EST) of two NOMA users. The optimal EST can be achieved through simulations while the results of OP and IP provide guidelines in the design of IQI-aware CR-NOMA systems. Finally, the trade-off between OP and IP with transmit signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) at the BS is investigated for reflecting the security characteristic. Finally, the trade-off between OP and IP with transmit signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) at the BS is studied for displaying the security characteristic. Numerical results show that increasing the number of transmit antennas at the BS and other main parameters improves performance. Moreover, when the system parameters are reasonably set, the secondary NOMA user in CR-NOMA can be reached secure requirements regardless of the controlled IQI.Web of Science1111905611904