The Concept of a Research Reactor of Small Power for Isotope Processing

The concept of a low-power research reactor for the production of radioisotopes is proposed, the results of calculations of the neutron-physical parameters of the core are presented, which can be used to substantiate the claimed reactor characteristics. In this article, the characteristics of the core of a research reactor of low power is substantiated, the main purpose of which is the production of radioisotope products for medical purposes. Nuclear medicine is one of the most advanced and demanded in the world of modern high-tech medicine, based on the using of atomic nucleus properties. As a rule, atoms with unstable nuclei are radionuclides. The reactor method of radionuclide production allows obtaining large quantities of radioisotope products at a relatively low price, but the reactor base is currently rather limited.     Keywords: radioisotope products, research reactors, neutron-physical characteristic

The Analysis of Conceptual Theoretical Approaches to the Problem of Technology Transfer in Foreign Universities

В статье представлен обзор существующих моделей трансфера технологий, в том числе в зарубежных университетах, освещены наиболее релевантные модели, которые могут быть использованы российскими вузами, в том числе в условиях постпандемии COVID-19. Проведенное исследование позволит формирующимся на базе университетов центрам трансфера выбрать наиболее подходящую для их ситуации модель и включить в нее элементы, которые будут способствовать максимизации эффективности их деятельности. Существующие же центры смогут внести изменения в свою деятельность с целью ее актуализации и/или трансформации в соответствии с изменившимися условиями. Также в статье приводятся практические рекомендации для управленческих кадров университета по руководству центрами трансфера технологий. Авторы раскрывают ключевые элементы функционирования различных моделей трансфера технологий, которые могут применяться управленческими кадрами для проектирования центров трансфера технологий на базе российских университетов. Возможно, результатом ознакомления заинтересованных сторон с данным исследованием станет создание и внедрение нормативно-правовых актов, регламентирующих деятельность центров трансфера технологий; формирование кадрового резерва, а также повышение квалификации имеющихся кадров и создание мультикомпетентностных команд; формирование гибкой бюджетной политики, а также политики ценностей, в рамках которой будет функционировать центр трансфера технологий.The article overviews the existing models of technology transfer, including those within foreign universities, and highlights the most relevant ones that can be used by Russian universities in the post-COVID-19 conditions. The study should allow the university-based transfer centers to choose the model which is mostly suitable for their situation, and to include elements that will help them to maximize the efficiency of their activities. The existing centers will be able to make changes in their activity in order to update and/or to transform it in accordance with the changed conditions. For the management personnel of the university, the article also provides practical recommendations on managing technology transfer centers. The authors reveal the key functioning elements of various technology transfer models, which can be used by management personnel to design technology transfer centers based on Russian universities. The possible result of the stakeholders’ getting to know this study might be their creating and implementing regulations to govern the technology transfer centers’ activities; forming a personnel reserve; advanced existing personnel training and multi-competence teams’ creating; forming a flexible budgetary policy, as well as a policy of values, for the technology transfer center to function within.Статья подготовлена в рамках реализации государственного задания № 074-00508-18-03, реестровый номер 730000Ф.99.1.БВ16АА02001 «Научно-методическое и информационное обеспечение создания центра трансфера технологий как элемента международной инновационной сети трансфера технологий, ориентированной на коммерциализацию технологий»

Studying the influence of Solcoseryl drug and vitamin C on the inflammatory reaction and proliferation of fibroblastic cells in the filed of polypropylene endoprosthesis implantation

The aim of investigation was to study the effect of Solcoseryl and Vitamin C in a collagen-stimulating coating of hernioendoprosthesis on a morphological picture in anterior abdominal wall plastic surger

Hernia or hernia Defect? Experimental herniology Models in Laboratory Animals

Hernias of the anterior abdominal wall remain one of the most common surgery pathologies. There is no unified approach to modeling anterior abdominal wall hernias in the world scientific community. In order to systematize the available knowledge in this field and to contribute to the formation of a unified idea of how to create a hernia model in a laboratory animal, it seems logical to study the accumulated experience of researchers in the field of experimental herniology. We found out that hernia defects generally modeled on male laboratory rats. To understand the tissue reaction to the prosthetic material a fenestration was performed in the anterior abdominal wall (including peritoneum) except for the skin and subcutaneous fat. A replacement or prosthetic material tailored to the fenestration was sutured end-to-end into the abdominal wall. We chose laboratory rats because they are easy to take care of and cheaper than larger laboratory animals

NEW DYES BASED ON THIENO[3,2-b]INDOLE WITH AN EXTENDED Π-CONJUGATION SYSTEM FOR DYE-SENSITIZED SOLAR CELLS

This work was supported by the Russian Foundation for Basic Research, project # 22-73-00291

Molecular modeling of a tandem two pore domain potassium channel reveals a putative binding Site for general anesthetics

[Image: see text] Anesthetics are thought to mediate a portion of their activity via binding to and modulation of potassium channels. In particular, tandem pore potassium channels (K2P) are transmembrane ion channels whose current is modulated by the presence of general anesthetics and whose genetic absence has been shown to confer a level of anesthetic resistance. While the exact molecular structure of all K2P forms remains unknown, significant progress has been made toward understanding their structure and interactions with anesthetics via the methods of molecular modeling, coupled with the recently released higher resolution structures of homologous potassium channels to act as templates. Such models reveal the convergence of amino acid regions that are known to modulate anesthetic activity onto a common three- dimensional cavity that forms a putative anesthetic binding site. The model successfully predicts additional important residues that are also involved in the putative binding site as validated by the results of suggested experimental mutations. Such a model can now be used to further predict other amino acid residues that may be intimately involved in the target-based structure–activity relationships that are necessary for anesthetic binding

A Subset of Osteoblasts Expressing High Endogenous Levels of PPARγ Switches Fate to Adipocytes in the Rat Calvaria Cell Culture Model

Understanding fate choice and fate switching between the osteoblast lineage (ObL) and adipocyte lineage (AdL) is important to understand both the developmental inter-relationships between osteoblasts and adipocytes and the impact of changes in fate allocation between the two lineages in normal aging and certain diseases. The goal of this study was to determine when during lineage progression ObL cells are susceptible to an AdL fate switch by activation of endogenous peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor (PPAR)gamma.Multiple rat calvaria cells within the ObL developmental hierarchy were isolated by either fractionation on the basis of expression of alkaline phosphatase or retrospective identification of single cell-derived colonies, and treated with BRL-49653 (BRL), a synthetic ligand for PPARgamma. About 30% of the total single cell-derived colonies expressed adipogenic potential (defined cytochemically) when BRL was present. Profiling of ObL and AdL markers by qRT-PCR on amplified cRNA from over 160 colonies revealed that BRL-dependent adipogenic potential correlated with endogenous PPARgamma mRNA levels. Unexpectedly, a significant subset of relatively mature ObL cells exhibited osteo-adipogenic bipotentiality. Western blotting and immunocytochemistry confirmed that ObL cells co-expressed multiple mesenchymal lineage determinants (runt-related transcription factor 2 (Runx2), PPARgamma, Sox9 and MyoD which localized in the cytoplasm initially, and only Runx2 translocated to the nucleus during ObL progression. Notably, however, some cells exhibited both PPARgamma and Runx2 nuclear labeling with concomitant upregulation of expression of their target genes with BRL treatment.We conclude that not only immature but a subset of relatively mature ObL cells characterized by relatively high levels of endogenous PPARgamma expression can be switched to the AdL. The fact that some ObL cells maintain capacity for adipogenic fate selection even at relatively mature developmental stages implies an unexpected plasticity with important implications in normal and pathological bone development

The peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor (PPAR) alpha agonist fenofibrate maintains bone mass, while the PPAR gamma agonist pioglitazone exaggerates bone loss, in ovariectomized rats

<p>Abstract</p> <p>Background</p> <p>Activation of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor (PPAR)gamma is associated with bone loss and increased fracture risk, while PPARalpha activation seems to have positive skeletal effects. To further explore these effects we have examined the effect of the PPARalpha agonists fenofibrate and Wyeth 14643, and the PPARgamma agonist pioglitazone, on bone mineral density (BMD), bone architecture and biomechanical strength in ovariectomized rats.</p> <p>Methods</p> <p>Fifty-five female Sprague-Dawley rats were assigned to five groups. One group was sham-operated and given vehicle (methylcellulose), the other groups were ovariectomized and given vehicle, fenofibrate, Wyeth 14643 and pioglitazone, respectively, daily for four months. Whole body and femoral BMD were measured by dual X-ray absorptiometry (DXA), and biomechanical testing of femurs, and micro-computed tomography (microCT) of the femoral shaft and head, were performed.</p> <p>Results</p> <p>Whole body and femoral BMD were significantly higher in sham controls and ovariectomized animals given fenofibrate, compared to ovariectomized controls. Ovariectomized rats given Wyeth 14643, maintained whole body BMD at sham levels, while rats on pioglitazone had lower whole body and femoral BMD, impaired bone quality and less mechanical strength compared to sham and ovariectomized controls. In contrast, cortical volume, trabecular bone volume and thickness, and endocortical volume were maintained at sham levels in rats given fenofibrate.</p> <p>Conclusions</p> <p>The PPARalpha agonist fenofibrate, and to a lesser extent the PPARaplha agonist Wyeth 14643, maintained BMD and bone architecture at sham levels, while the PPARgamma agonist pioglitazone exaggerated bone loss and negatively affected bone architecture, in ovariectomized rats.</p