Investigation on mechanical, gas barrier, and biodegradation properties of graphene oxide reinforced bovine trimmings derived collagen biocomposite

Now-a-days, let out a huge number of bovine trimmings based solid waste from tanneries has caused significant environmental concerns. To overcome this problem, this study emphasizes on bovine trimmings derived collagen based high-performance composite with graphene oxide (Col-GO) by using solvent evaporation method. The Col-GO composite film formation was governed by plasticization with glycerol, crosslinking reaction of collagen chain; and H-bonding interaction between GO and collagen functional groups. The Col-GO composite films were characterized by Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and contact angle measurements. FTIR and TGA results indicate that interfacial H-bonding interaction between GO with collagen, and thermal stability of Col-GO composites film. Contact angle results indicate that hydrophobicity of Col-GO films was significantly enhanced compared to pure collagen film. The SEM analysis results indicate the homogeneous integration of GO in the Col-GO composite film. The composite film exhibits improvement in tensile strength and Young's modulus (YM) by 45% and 33% respectively. The water and gas barrier properties of the composite film improved by 47.4%, 66.57%, and 87.34%, respectively compared to pure collagen film. The Col-GO composite film showed excellent biodegradation in the soil burial test, degrading 79.47% in 42 days. The potential of the biodegraded Col-GO composite sample as a biofertilizer has been investigated by cultivating Spinacia oleracea seeds. The Col-GO composite film might be a very promising bio-compostable flexible and sustainable packaging film alternative to plastic packaging made from oil. © 2023 John Wiley & Sons Ltd