Biologically Significant Illinois Streams: An Evaluation of the Streams of Illinois based on Aquatic Biodiversity: Part 1

Part 1: Text. See Reference ID-1365 for Part 2: AtlasReport issued on: December 31, 1991INHS Technical Report prepared for Illinois Dept. of Conservation, Illinois Dept. of Energy and Natural Resource

Changes in Relative Wages, 1963-1987: Supply and Demand Factors

A simple supply and demand framework is used to analyze changes in the U.S. wage structure from 1963 to 1987. Rapid secular growth in the demand for more-educated workers, 'more-skilled' workers, and females appears to be the driving force behind observed changes in the wage structure. Measured changes in the allocation of labor between industries and occupations strongly favored college graduates and females throughout the period. Movements in the college wage premium over this period appear to be strongly related to fluctuations in the rate of growth of the supply of college graduates.

Biological Assessments of Six Selected Fishes, Amphibians, and Mussels in Illinois

ID: 8758; issued November 1, 1996INHS Technical Report prepared for Illinois Department of Natural Resources, Division of Natural Heritag

Production and In Vitro Characterization of Altered Tag Transformed Morine Fibroblasts

CDS+ Cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTL) have been known to play a significant role in tumor suppression through their role in adaptive cell-mediated immunity. CTL operate in conjunction with the Major Histocompatibility Complex Class I (MHC I) mediated presentation of intracellular proteins by all nucleated somatic cells. To be effective, the CDS+ T cell receptor (TCR) must be able to detect specific amino acids of intracellular processed peptides bound and presented by MHC I molecules. MHC I function in binding small polypeptide segments of 8-10 amino acids in length in the endoplasmic reticulum and transporting them to the cell surface to be observed by sentry CD g+ Lymphocytes. The MHC I binding peptides are produced by proteolytic processing of the transient pool of proteins actively translated on cellular ribosomes. Biochemically MHC I-mediated peptide presentation to CDS+ T killer cells (CTL) requires efficient binding of peptide anchor residues ( single amino acids with extruding side chains) to specific sites on the external face of the MHC I, spatially located between two a-helices. Additional amino acid side chains require projection up from the MHC I face to be available for TCR interaction. Each different allelic MHC I molecule cannot bind all possible peptides; thus, to present the broadest spectrum there must be a balance between high binding affinity and a wide specificity (Madden 1995). When bound, the MHC I complex containing the bound peptide is targeted for localization to the cell membrane, where the MHC I/bound peptide complex is extruded on the cell surface. In the presence of epitope-specific CTL, the bound peptide should trigger recognition by CTL via the physicochemical interaction of the TCR with spatially available amino acid side chains of the presented MHC bound peptide and the MHC molecule itself. Upon CTL recognition of foreign antigen, intracellular signal transduction events are initiated terminating with the observer activated CTL effecting a directly targeted cytolytic response against the peptide presenting target cell (Janeway and Travers 1994)

A clinical evaluation of extended wear contact lenses

A clinical evaluation of extended wear contact lense

Efficacy of hemostatic matrix and microporous polysaccharide hemospheres

AbstractBackgroundMicroporous Polysaccharide Hemospheres (MPH) are a new plant-derived polysaccharide powder hemostat. Previous studies investigated MPH as a replacement to nonflowable hemostatic agents of different application techniques (e.g., oxidized cellulose, collagen); therefore, the purpose of this study was to determine if MPH is a surrogate for flowable hemostatic agents of similar handling and application techniques, specifically a flowable thrombin-gelatin hemostatic matrix.MethodsHemostatic efficacy was compared using a heparinized porcine abrasion model mimicking a capsular tear of a parenchymal organ. MPH (ARISTA, 1 g) and hemostatic matrix (Floseal, 1 mL) were applied, according to a randomized scheme, to paired hepatic abrasions (40 lesions per group). Hemostatic success, control of bleeding, and blood loss were assessed 2, 5, and 10 min after treatment. Hemostatic success and control of bleeding were analyzed using odds ratios and blood loss using mean differences.ResultsHemostatic matrix provided superior hemostatic success relative to MPH at 5 (odds ratio: 0.035, 95% confidence interval: 0.004–0.278) and 10 min (0.032, 0.007–0.150), provided superior control of bleeding at 5 (0.006, <0.001–0.037) and 10 min (0.009, 0.001–0.051), and had significantly less blood loss at 5 (mean difference: 0.3118 mL/min, 95% confidence interval: 0.0939–0.5296) and 10 min (0.5025, 0.2489–0.7561).ConclusionsThese findings corroborate other MPH investigations regarding its low-level efficacy and suggest that MPH is not an appropriate surrogate for hemostatic matrix despite similar application techniques. The lack of a procoagulant within MPH may likely be the reason for its lower efficacy and need for multiple applications

What Do We Know About What to Do With Dams? How Knowledge Shapes Public Opinion About Their Removal in New Hampshire

In this brief, authors Simone Chapman, Catherine Ashcraft, Lawrence Hamilton, and Kevin Gardner report the results of an October 2018 Granite State Poll that asked 607 New Hampshire residents how much they have heard, and their thoughts, concerning the question of whether older dams on New Hampshire rivers should be removed for ecological or safety reasons, or whether the dams should be kept. Most people admitted they have not heard or read about this issue, but at the same time they agreed that dams could be removed in at least some cases. The more people heard or read about the issue of dam removal, the more likely they were to support removal in some or most cases. These survey results highlight the need for communicating sound information to the public concerning the costs and benefits of possible dam management options— whether doing nothing, repairs and maintenance, or removal

What to Do With Dams: An Assessment of Public Opinion to Inform the Debate in New Hampshire

Many of New Hampshire’s dams are reaching the end of their lifespan and require expensive maintenance or removal in order to meet safety standards. While engineers and public officials struggle with the scale of the challenge surrounding various dam management alternatives, including removal, what does the New Hampshire public think? In this brief, authors Natallia Leuchanka, Catherine Ashcraft, Kevin Gardner, and Lawrence Hamilton present results from statewide surveys in New Hampshire that explore public views about dam removal. They report that a majority of respondents in three Granite State Polls prefer to remove dams when the alternative is to keep them for maintenance of waterfront property values, preservation of industrial history, or maintenance of lake- and pond-based recreation. A majority of survey respondents prefer to keep dams when dams are for hydropower generation. Respondents’ age, gender, and party affiliation often predict their preference for dam removal. Levels of formal education do not make much difference. Younger respondents, women, and Democrats are more likely to support dam removal, although this varies somewhat depending on the tradeoffs