К вопросу о международном экологическом сотрудничестве в Арктике

Разработка природных ресурсов Арктики меняет глобальную геополитику. Растущее соперничество государств выдвигают проблемы Арктики в разряд серьезных глобальных противоречий текущего века. Перед Россией стоит задача упрочения своего суверенитета в арктическом регионе. В этой связи особый интерес для России представляет опыт по взаимодействию со странами Арктического региона в целях ее экологической защиты. The development of natural resources in the Arctic is changing global geopolitics. The growing rivalry between states put forward the problems of the Arctic into the category of major global conflicts this century. Russia faces the challenge of strengthening its sovereignty in the Arctic region. In this regard, of particular interest to Russia is the experience in the interaction with the countries of the Arctic region with a view to environmental protection

THE EFFECT OF FISCAL POLICY ON THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN MONETARY POLICY AND MACROECONOMIC VARIABLES IN NIGERIA

This study examined the effect of fiscal policy on the relationship between monetary policy and macroeconomic variables in Nigeria: An Empirical Investigation. The study employed a two-stage least square technique as estimation technique, where in the first step; the empirical models of fiscal and monetary policies were separately estimated. In the second step, the dependencies of each policy on the other are then included, to capture the effects of each on the other. Annual time series on the various monetary policy and fiscal policy variables from 1981 to 2020 were obtained from the Central Bank of Nigeria statistical bulletin. Augmented Dickey Fuller (ADF) test was used to examine the stochastic properties of the series. The findings revealed that Gross Domestic Product (GDP), inflation, and money supply are negatively related to monetary policy rate in Nigeria. Also, government expenditure limits the effectiveness of monetary policy in the management of both economic growth and inflation in Nigeria as the effect on inflation reduces from 0.06 to 0.02 and the effect on GDP changes from negative to positive. The study recommended that there should be an establishment of better consultation between both policies in order to secure high and sustainable fiscal and monetary policy mix and hence economic growth with price stability

Structure and Thermodynamic Properties of Nitroformic Acid, Nitroformyl Nitrate, and Ammonium Nitroformate

As part of a series of investigations of molecules with large numbers of nitro groups, the structures and properties of nitroformic acid, NO2CO2H, nitroformyl nitrate, NO2C(O)ONO2, and the ion pair ammonium nitroformate, NH4NO2CO2, have been determined using GX theories (X = 2, 3, 4). Minimum-energy structures, vibrational frequencies, selected bond energies, and enthalpies of formation were determined. The title substances may not have much application as high energy materials like other high-nitro compounds, but they may act as good nitrating agents since certain bonds in the molecules are of low enough energy to suggest high reactivity