Beer and its Non-Alcoholic Compounds: Role in Pancreatic Exocrine Secretion, Alcoholic Pancreatitis and Pancreatic Carcinoma

In this article we provide an overview of the newest data concerning the effect of non-alcoholic constituents of alcoholic beverages, especially of beer, on pancreatic secretion, and their possible role in alcoholic pancreatitis and pancreatic carcinoma. The data indicate that non-alcoholic constituents of beer stimulate pancreatic enzyme secretion in humans and rats, at least in part, by direct action on pancreatic acinar cells. Some non-alcoholic compounds of beer, such as quercetin, resveratrol, ellagic acid or catechins, have been shown to be protective against experimentally induced pancreatitis by inhibiting pancreatic secretion, stellate cell activation or by reducing oxidative stress. Quercetin, ellagic acid and resveratrol also show anti-carcinogenic potential in vitro and in vivo. However, beer contains many more non-alcoholic ingredients. Their relevance in beer-induced functional alterations of pancreatic cells leading to pancreatitis and pancreatic cancer in humans needs to be further evaluated

Enhancing human gut health: Global innovations in dysbiosis management

The microbiota, comprising all the microorganisms within the body, plays a critical role in maintaining good health. Dysbiosis represents a condition resulting from an imbalance or alteration of the microbiota. This study comprehensively investigates the patent literature on dysbiosis over the past 20 years

Erdafitinib in BCG-treated high-risk non-muscle-invasive bladder cancer

Background: Treatment options are limited for patients with high-risk non-muscle-invasive bladder cancer (NMIBC) with disease recurrence after bacillus Calmette–Guérin (BCG) treatment and who are ineligible for/refuse radical cystectomy. FGFR alterations are commonly detected in NMIBC. We evaluated the activity of oral erdafitinib, a selective pan-fibroblast growth factor receptor (FGFR) tyrosine kinase inhibitor, versus intravesical chemotherapy in patients with high-risk NMIBC and select FGFR3/2 alterations following recurrence after BCG treatment. Patients and methods: Patients aged ≥18 years with recurrent, BCG-treated, papillary-only high-risk NMIBC (high-grade Ta/T1) and select FGFR alterations refusing or ineligible for radical cystectomy were randomized to 6 mg daily oral erdafitinib or investigator's choice of intravesical chemotherapy (mitomycin C or gemcitabine). The primary endpoint was recurrence-free survival (RFS). The key secondary endpoint was safety. Results: Study enrollment was discontinued due to slow accrual. Seventy-three patients were randomized 2 : 1 to erdafitinib (n = 49) and chemotherapy (n = 24). Median follow-up for RFS was 13.4 months for both groups. Median RFS was not reached for erdafitinib [95% confidence interval (CI) 16.9 months-not estimable] and was 11.6 months (95% CI 6.4-20.1 months) for chemotherapy, with an estimated hazard ratio of 0.28 (95% CI 0.1-0.6; nominal P value = 0.0008). In this population, safety results were generally consistent with known profiles for erdafitinib and chemotherapy. Conclusions: Erdafitinib prolonged RFS compared with intravesical chemotherapy in patients with papillary-only, high-risk NMIBC harboring FGFR alterations who had disease recurrence after BCG therapy and refused or were ineligible for radical cystectomy

Gipodermoz glaza u 3-letnego mal'chika

In May 1958 an unkmown parasite was received for investigation by the Eye-Department of the Hospital at Bydgoszcz. The paraisite had been found in the front eyeball ventricle of 3-year old boy. Closer, investigations revealed that it was Hypoderma lineatum (de Villers) larva Tesponsible for the ophthalmomyasis the boy was suffering from. This is the first written report of an ophthalmomyasis caused by the larva of H. lineatum in this country

Interactions professionnalisantes entre les directeurs et les nouveaux formateurs de centres de formation d’apprentis du secteur BTP (CFA-BTP)

En nous appuyant sur le concept de professionnalisation et sur des interactions qui ont lieu en situations de travail, nous souhaitons démontrer comment un dispositif de formation destiné aux nouveaux formateurs de CFA-BTP constitue une opportunité de développement des capacités professionnelles des directeurs de ces CFA. Pour exploiter notre corpus de recherche (composé principalement d’entretiens espacés sur trois ans et de plusieurs types d’écrits réfléxifs), nous nous sommes inspiré des travaux de Le Plat (2008) sur la régulation et les automatismes dans les activités complexes et de Clénet et Poisson (2005) sur le repérage et la compréhension des zones d’interactions et de tensions. Nous considérons les apports du dispositif de formation en question en tant que résultats d’une expérience vécue qui engendre la professionnalisation et nous nous posons également la question de la formalisation de cette expérience en tant que moyen facilitant les interactions entre les directeurs et les nouveaux formateurs des CFA-BTP