Performance Implication and Analysis of the OpenFlow SDN Protocol

Software Defined Networks provide the ability to manage networks from a centralised point through separating control plane from the data plane. This brings opportunities in terms of manageability, flexibility and cost savings in network operations. This centralisation, however, also brings about a potentially serious performance bottleneck and poses a scalability issue in high performance networks. This paper investigates performance of Software Defined Networks in general, and the OpenFlow protocol, to provide insight into the components of control path delay incurred by packets and ways to optimise flow forwarding. Two Openflow controllers (Floodlight and Pox) were used to validate performance measurements in relation to their theoretical composition. Secondly, the packet processing dynamics of switches, in particular OpenVSwitch are examined, looking at the control packet forwarding behaviour in the kernel module to meet high performance network and traffic engineering demand

A Trust Management Framework for Network Applications within an SDN Environment

Software Defined Networking (SDN) is an emerging paradigm that changes the way networks are managed by separating the control plane from data plane and making networks programmable. The separation brings about flexibility, automation, orchestration and offers savings in both capital and operational expenditure. Despite all the advantages offered by SDN it introduces new threats that did not exist before or were harder to exploit in traditional networks, making network penetration potentially easier. One of the key threat to SDN is the authentication and authorisation of network applications that control network behaviour (unlike the traditional network where network devices like routers and switches are autonomous and run proprietary software and protocols to control the network). This paper proposes a mechanism that helps the control layer authenticate network applications and set authorisation permissions that constrict manipulation of network resources

Assessment of social networks used by undergraduate students in Faculty of Education, Ahmadu Bello University, Zaria

Social networks have cut across all facets of society with its pros and cons. It has transformed and impacted on communication, learning, research and education in general. Students are spending much of their time on social networks and are considered the largest category that uses such application. This study tries to explore the social networks used by undergraduate students of Ahmadu Bello University, Zaria. Some literatures related to the study were reviewed accordingly and research objectives were outlined. The survey answers these questions and the result was presented using descriptive statistics. The findings have shown that undergraduate students of Ahmadu Bello University have access to social networks and their exposure to the site has influence on their academic performance. Moreover, Facebook and WhatsApp is the most used social networking sites by the students. The findings were adequately so also summary, conclusion and recommendations were provided for.Keywords: Influence, Social network, Undergraduate student and Academic performanc

The Role of Academics in the Attainment of National Integration in Nigeria: Issues, Challenges and The Wayforwad

This presentation is a review of the roles of Nigerian academics in relation to national integration. At the background is the perception of the troubling times in Nigeria occasioned by socio-economic and political turmoil. It is thus premise that, academics in higher institutions of learning have been an integral part of nation integration drives and attempts in Africa and Nigeria in particular. However, it is noted with greater concern such the momentous of the academics to critically participate in the drive for national integration especially in this crucial time of Nigeria’s national development have been subdued by serious political and administrative mismanagements in the nations and the contagious effectives such have on the ivory towers. This ugly development has depleted the quality and quantity of the academics, often reducing its impact to campuses. Secondary data were used to described and justify this revelations. The presentation holds that the academics world over and in Nigeria with significance motivation and improved and robust working environment remains the government best bet to institutionalizing and sustaining national integration

Influence of priming duration on the performance of Amaranths (Amaranthus cruentus L.) in Sokoto semiarid zone of Nigeria

Two field trials were conducted during the 2012 cropping season at the Fruits and Vegetable Teaching and Research Farm of the Department of Crop Science, Usman Danfodiyo University, Sokoto (located on latitude N-N and longitude -), to evaluate the effect of priming duration on the growth and yield of amaranth. Treatments consisted of four priming durations (2, 4, 6, and 8 hours) and control (where no priming was applied). The treatments were laid out in a completely randomized design (CRD) replicated three times for the germination test and randomized complete block design (RCBD) for the field trial. Data were collected on days to 50% germination, percentage germination, days to 50% emergence, and percentage emergence. Results revealed significant effect of priming duration on days to 50% germination, percentage germination, and days to 50% emergence. Soaking seeds for 2 hours reduced the number of days to 50% germination and emergence and also recorded higher germination. Thus, from the findings of this study, it could be concluded that priming amaranth seeds for 2 hours could be applied to enhance amaranth production

Strategies of minimising technostress among library professionals in Ahmadu Bello University Library Zaria

This study sought to determine the strategies for minimizing technostress among library professionals. To achieve these two objectives were raised. Data were collected by means of questionnaire. One hundred and eighty-one (181) copies of questionnaire were administered, out of which one hundred and twenty nine (129) were duly completed and returned. The data collected were analysed using descriptive statistics. The study discovered that the major cause of technostress in libraries include; inexperience with computers, performance anxiety, information overload, fast pace of change, policies, increasing demand, and overwork/insufficient training. To minimize the causes of technostress in libraries, the study recommended training, workshops, continuing education, and knowledge sharing with colleagues.Keywords: library, professionals and technostres

Evaluation of iron ore deposit using 2D resistivity imaging and induced polarization technique at Fakarau Potiskum, Northeastern Nigeria

2D Electric resistivity imaging and Induced polarization (IP) techniques were used to evaluate Iron Ore deposit at Potiskum area of Yobe State, Northeastern Nigeria. The area lies between latitudes 110 40' 00'' and 110 50' 00'' N, and longitude 110 00' 00'' and 110 10' 00'' E. The survey was targeted at determining resistivity and chargeability values that are associated with the iron ore deposit. The dipole-dipole array was used for 2D resistivity and induced polarization imaging. Data processing and interpretation were done using RES2DINV software. This research had characterized the study area into two portions: the alluvium deposit that is highly enriched of iron ore and alluvium deposit with disseminated iron ore. The portion of the iron rich alluvium, characterized by low resistivity and chargeability of 32 Ωm to 734 Ωm and 0.403 msec to 3.400 msec are inferred as alluvium that is highly enrich with iron ore, while the portion that are respectively characterized by resistivity and chargeability values of 734 Ωm to 1418 Ωm and 1.90 msec to 6.40 msec are inferred as alluvium with disseminated iron ore. It can be concluded that the occurrence of iron ore deposit is probably more at northeast part of the survey area. The iron ore deposit strikes in the Northeast-Southwest direction

A 5 year review of the prevalence and feto-maternal outcome of eclampsia at Aminu Kano teaching hospital.

Background: Eclampsia remains a serious obstetric disorder in tropical obstetric practice. Provision of quality antenatal care is essential in reducing its incidence.Objective: To determine the prevalence and socio demographic characteristics of patients with eclampsia and also the feto-maternal outcome.Study Design: A 5-year retrospective study on eclampsia in Aminu Kano Teaching Hospital, Kano.Results: There were a total of 13,750 deliveries and 240 eclamptic patients during the study period, giving a prevalence of 1.75%. About 49.28% of the eclamptic patients were adolescents compared with 7.25% in the control group and 59.42% of them were primigravidas compared with 12.56% in the control group. About 91.30% of the cases were Hausas and 77.77% were from Kano metropolis. Also 82.9% of the cases were unbooked and 51.29% of them were delivered via caesarean section compared with 10.63% in the control group. Maternal mortality occurred in 12.08% of the cases compared with 0.97% in the control group. Perinatal mortality occurred in 22.71% of the cases compared with 3.86% in the control group.Conclusion: Eclampsia is one of the serious emergencies seen in Sub-Saharan Africa and is associated with increased perinatal morbidities and mortalities. Providing good quality antenatal care coupled with improving emergency capability of hospitals and establishg an intensive care unit for the care of eclamptic patients are essential in reducing maternal and perinatal morbidities and mortalities from the disease.Keywords: Eclampsia, Feto-maternal outcome, AKTH Kano

Design Construction and Performance Evaluation of Solar Still for Rural Dwellers

This paper is aimed at designing, constructing and performance evaluation of a solar still. The solar still is design and constructed with locally source materials for rural dwellers. The still absorber plate is constructed with 2 mm galvanised plate painted black with an area of 2 m2 to absorb solar radiation effectively. The side wall and the base is constructed with concrete. Sawdust and felt is used between the retaining wall and base to resist heat transfer from the system to the surrounding vice-versa. The top cover of the still is constructed with transparent glass pane of 4 mm housed in an aluminium frame. The catch basin that collects the condensate is constructed with PVC pipe channel of 50 mm. The performance of the still was evaluated with; Overall yield (sum of daily yield and over-night yield) at a different water depth of (20, 40, 60 mm), (5127 ml/m2/hr, 4558 ml/m2/hr, and 3852 ml/m2/hr). The efficiency of the system at different water depth (20, 40, 60 mm) 51.27 %, 45.58 %, and 38.52 %. The water analysis before and after distillation was certified safe and portable for human consumption

An Assessment of Onion Post Harvest Loss in Desert Prone Front Line Area of Kano State Nigeria

Most of the farmers in Kura local government area bring onions directly to the market after harvest as proper storage facilities are not available with them. It is against this, farmers usually unload their entire stock within a month of harvest, during which prices are very low thereby making them to be at the last receiving end. The objective of this research is to identify the causes of onions post-harvest losses, indigenous technologies used for Onion storage and to design and develop natural ventilated Onion storage structured model using local resources. Mixed methods were employed through the use of a structured questionnaire encompassing both open and close-ended questions as well interview. The population of the study consist of the Onion farmers in the three (3) major onion production communities at which 254 farmers were selected. The study reveals that the most constraining factor with almost 75% is inadequate storage facilities. It also disclosed that the present storage structure is hanging method, spreading on the floor mud and traditional silos (Rumbu). It was concluded that natural ventilated onion storage structure (Makani model) should be developed in order to provide good ventilated condition which will reduce the rotting losses. Therefore, the study recommends that government and private organization should assist the cultivars with modern onion storage facilities to avoid further post-harvest loss. Keywords: Onions; Kura; production; post harvest loss DOI: 10.7176/JBAH/9-4-0