A standardised set of images for judgements of proportion

In the present work, we present normative data for a set of 39 original clipart-style images that can be used as material in studies involving judgements of proportion. The original images are drawings that depict different day-to-day scenarios (e.g., lighted windows in a building; books on a shelf) and each has seven variants of different proportions (from 20% to 80%) belonging to different categories (discrete vs continuous; social vs non-social; natural vs artificial; stimuli physical dimensions; number of referents). Normative data for these images are presented in an interactive database (available at https:// judgment- images- and- norms. shiny apps. io/ estimates_ inter active/), corresponding to the means of proportion estimates (in percentage form), the perceived ease of making such estimates, the perceived level of familiarity and liking for each image, and the relationships between these variables. In the paper, we analyse the data at an individual level, addressing how the latter judgements are related to the proportion estimates, how those estimates are related to objective proportions, and how these relationships are moderated by image category. The analyses presented in this paper aim to aid readers in selecting images that enable them to better address specific influences on proportional estimates or to control for those influences in their studies.Fundação para a Ciência e Tecnologia - FCTinfo:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

Pressa para acabar: Percepções de participantes dos aspectos desmotivadores em estudos online

More and more social science studies are now acquiring data through the internet, reaching participantsonline. Some participants start out engaged and motivated to participate, but progressively slide into“rushing behaviors”. We inquired experts in survey responding about when, in online studies, theywould feel a desire for rushing (defined as speeding with no concerns about the quality of responses).This qualitative approach uncovered Repetition, Survey length and No interest in topic as the threemain features that would motivate these participants to rush in surveys. Subsequent inquiry of thesame participants indicated that repetition concerns the type of questions made (more than stimuli ortask), the execution of the same task more than 5-6 times, or for more than 6 minutes. Survey lengthconcerns a preference for shorter surveys, as well as the subjective experience in which length exceedspreviously set expectations (i.e., longer than announced), contributing to rushing by effectivelylowering the hourly pay rate as the survey increases in length. Interest in topic was reported to beconsistently low, despite not being the main reason to quit the survey. However, a change in expectedlevel of interest in the middle of the survey is reported as a factor that will promote rushing behaviors.We discuss these data as informative regarding how pre-tests of surveys can benefit from theseparticipants’ expertise.Cada vez mais, estudos na área das ciências sociais, são dados adquiridos na internet, chegando aparticipantes online. Alguns participantes iniciam a sua participação de forma empenhada e motivada,mas desenvolvem, progressivamente, “comportamentos apressados”. Inquirimos participantesexperientes em participar em estudos online sobre as razões que os levariam a sentir motivação paraapressar (definido como acelerar a participação sem preocupação pela sua qualidade). Esta abordagemrevelou Repetição, Duração do estudo e Desinteresse no tópico como os três aspectos centrais quelevariam os participantes a apressar estudos. Subsequentemente, os mesmos participantes indicaramque a repetição diz respeito ao tipo de questão (mais do que o tipo de estímulo ou tarefa), e à execuçãoda mesma tarefa mais de 5-6 vezes, ou com uma duração superior a 6 minutos. A duração do estudodiz respeito à preferência por estudos mais curtos, bem como a experiência subjectiva da duraçãoexceder expectativas prévias (i.e., duração superior à anunciada), levando a apressar, dada a reduçãodo pagamento por hora à medida que o estudo vai aumentando em duração. Desinteresse no tópicofoi reportado como sendo consistentemente elevado, embora não seja uma razão principal paraabandonar o estudo – no entanto, havendo uma alteração no esperado nível de interesse a meio doestudo, foi reportado como um factor promotor de apressar a participação. Discutimos estes dadosincidindo na sua relevância, e enquanto indicadores de como pré-testes com participantes peritospoderão beneficiar estudos online