La dysplasie ectodermique hypohidrotique chez l'enfant (présentation de la consultation multidisciplinaire de l' hôpital Necker et de cas cliniques)

BORDEAUX2-BU Sci.Homme/Odontol. (330632102) / SudocPARIS-BIUM (751062103) / SudocSudocFranceF

Restauration esthétiques de défauts de structure sévère chez l'enfant et l'adolescent

National audienc

Polysaccharide-based nanocarriers targeting CD44 for lung cancer treatment

International audienc

Targeting CD44 receptor-positive lung tumors using polysaccharide-based nanocarriers: Influence of nanoparticle size and administration route

International audienceNew approaches that are more efficient and able to specifically reach lung tumors are needed. We developed new hyaluronan-based nanoparticles targeting CD44 receptors of two different sizes and compared their lung cancer cells targeting efficacy in vitro and in vivo. The nanoparticles' cellular uptake was dose-dependent, and specific to hyaluronan receptors, particularly CD44. The binding and internalization differed according to nanoparticle size. In vivo biodistribution studies in two orthotopic lung tumor models showed that intrapulmonary nebulized nanoparticles accumulated in lungs, but not in the tumor nodules. In contrast, despite a significant liver capture, intravenous injection led to a better accumulation of the nanoparticles in the lung tumors compared with the surrounding healthy lung tissues. We demonstrated that the hyaluronan-based nanoparticles size plays significant role in cellular uptake and biodistribution. Small nanoparticles showed active targeting of CD44-overexpressing tumors, suggesting that they could be used as drug-delivery system. From the Clinical Editor: Combating cancers remains an important goal in clinical medicine. In this study, the authors investigated the ability of two hyaluronan-based nanoparticles targeting CD44 receptors to home in on lung cancer cells in an in-vivo orthotropic model. The preferential uptake of smaller sized nanoparticles via intravenous route has further enhanced the existing knowledge of future drug design

Key Note speaker Plant resistance and architecture for protection of pulses against biotic stresses

National audienceMajor diseases and pests, such as root rots, ascochyta blights and aphids, are limiting factors to cool season pulse production in many countries worldwide, especially in Europe. In the context of pesticide reduction, plant genetic resistance and architecture are main traits that can be mobilised in breeding for disease and pest management. Knowledge of quantitative resistance to major diseases and pests of pea and faba bean in France has benefited from the development of sequenced genomes and massive SNP markers [1], which have recently been highly valuable to identify candidate genes controlling resistance. Fine mapping and sequencing of major resistance QTL [2], as well as Linkage Analysis (LA) [3] and Genome-Wide Association Studies (GWAS) coupled with Genotyping By Sequencing (GBS) technologies, have been developed to identify, compare and study synteny of loci and candidate genes for resistance. Plant and canopy architectures have been studied in pea for their effect on limiting disease severity and epidemics. Alleles at genes controlling aerial or root plant architectural traits were found to cosegregate with resistance alleles at QTL controlling aerial or root diseases [4]. Combining plant resistance and architecture traits unfavourable to diseases and pests will be a key strategy for durable crop protection. Future research will combine other plant traits with resistance and architecture, such as plant ability to select useful micro-organisms or to produce compounds that are beneficial to plant protection, as well as agricultural practices

Plant resistance and architecture for protection of pulses against pathogens

National audienc