103 research outputs found

    EPIdemiology of Surgery-Associated Acute Kidney Injury (EPIS-AKI) : Study protocol for a multicentre, observational trial

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    More than 300 million surgical procedures are performed each year. Acute kidney injury (AKI) is a common complication after major surgery and is associated with adverse short-term and long-term outcomes. However, there is a large variation in the incidence of reported AKI rates. The establishment of an accurate epidemiology of surgery-associated AKI is important for healthcare policy, quality initiatives, clinical trials, as well as for improving guidelines. The objective of the Epidemiology of Surgery-associated Acute Kidney Injury (EPIS-AKI) trial is to prospectively evaluate the epidemiology of AKI after major surgery using the latest Kidney Disease: Improving Global Outcomes (KDIGO) consensus definition of AKI. EPIS-AKI is an international prospective, observational, multicentre cohort study including 10 000 patients undergoing major surgery who are subsequently admitted to the ICU or a similar high dependency unit. The primary endpoint is the incidence of AKI within 72 hours after surgery according to the KDIGO criteria. Secondary endpoints include use of renal replacement therapy (RRT), mortality during ICU and hospital stay, length of ICU and hospital stay and major adverse kidney events (combined endpoint consisting of persistent renal dysfunction, RRT and mortality) at day 90. Further, we will evaluate preoperative and intraoperative risk factors affecting the incidence of postoperative AKI. In an add-on analysis, we will assess urinary biomarkers for early detection of AKI. EPIS-AKI has been approved by the leading Ethics Committee of the Medical Council North Rhine-Westphalia, of the Westphalian Wilhelms-University MĂŒnster and the corresponding Ethics Committee at each participating site. Results will be disseminated widely and published in peer-reviewed journals, presented at conferences and used to design further AKI-related trials. Trial registration number NCT04165369

    Physical Defects Analysis of Mechatronic Systems

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    Vieillissement thermique de diodes Schottky en carbure de silicium: validation de l'analyse de défaillance par le cas singulier

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    National audienceDes essais de vieillissement en stockage thermique Ă  haute tempĂ©rature (240 ̊C) ont Ă©tĂ© rĂ©alisĂ©s sur des diodes Schottky en boĂźtier TO220 du commerce dans des conditions d'utilisation en mode " Uprating " ou " Derating ". Les analyses ont rĂ©vĂ©lĂ© un mĂ©canisme de dĂ©faillance combinĂ©, composĂ© d'une vaporisation de l'humiditĂ© prĂ©sente en quantitĂ© importante prĂ©fĂ©rentiellement Ă  l'interface rĂ©sine/semelle, induisant une dĂ©gradation libĂ©rant de l'espace, et d'un Ă©talement/dĂ©robement de la brasure sous la puce autorisĂ© par l'espace vide susmentionnĂ©. Les analyses aux rayons X, en microscopie acoustique, optique et Ă©lectronique dans l'ordre mĂ©thodologique soutiennent avec force la description du mĂ©canisme de dĂ©faillance. L'originalitĂ© de ces travaux est double, puisqu'au delĂ  de l'Ă©tude des cas statistiquement reprĂ©sentatifs, l'Ă©tude d'un cas atypique et singulier appuie et valide indiscutablement les hypothĂšses posĂ©es. Ainsi, le cas particulier est prĂ©sentĂ© comme un cas potentiellement dĂ©terminant Ă  la validation d'une analyse de dĂ©faillance et dans la perspective de solutions techniques curatives et palliatives.

    Reliability Study of Mechatronic Power Components Using Spectral Photon Emission Microscopy

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    International audienceIn this paper, we present one of the most important failure analysis tools that permits the localizing and the identification of the failure mechanisms. It is a new spectral photon emission system, enabling to localize the failure, and quickly get the photon emission spectra that characterize the failure with high resolution. A diffraction grating is used as a spectrometer in the system. Application results on mechatronic power devices such as HEMT AlGaN/GAN and SiC MOSFETs are reported

    Temperature and Dilatation Estimation for Modern Semiconductor Devices

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    Vieillissement thermique de diodes Schottky en carbure de silicium: validation de l'analyse de défaillance par le cas singulier

    No full text
    National audienceDes essais de vieillissement en stockage thermique Ă  haute tempĂ©rature (240 ̊C) ont Ă©tĂ© rĂ©alisĂ©s sur des diodes Schottky en boĂźtier TO220 du commerce dans des conditions d'utilisation en mode " Uprating " ou " Derating ". Les analyses ont rĂ©vĂ©lĂ© un mĂ©canisme de dĂ©faillance combinĂ©, composĂ© d'une vaporisation de l'humiditĂ© prĂ©sente en quantitĂ© importante prĂ©fĂ©rentiellement Ă  l'interface rĂ©sine/semelle, induisant une dĂ©gradation libĂ©rant de l'espace, et d'un Ă©talement/dĂ©robement de la brasure sous la puce autorisĂ© par l'espace vide susmentionnĂ©. Les analyses aux rayons X, en microscopie acoustique, optique et Ă©lectronique dans l'ordre mĂ©thodologique soutiennent avec force la description du mĂ©canisme de dĂ©faillance. L'originalitĂ© de ces travaux est double, puisqu'au delĂ  de l'Ă©tude des cas statistiquement reprĂ©sentatifs, l'Ă©tude d'un cas atypique et singulier appuie et valide indiscutablement les hypothĂšses posĂ©es. Ainsi, le cas particulier est prĂ©sentĂ© comme un cas potentiellement dĂ©terminant Ă  la validation d'une analyse de dĂ©faillance et dans la perspective de solutions techniques curatives et palliatives.

    Temperature and Dilatation Estimation for Modern Semiconductor Devices

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    International audienceThis paper presents a new approach for measuring physical variables on micro- electronic components. An optical system is used to simultaneously quantify the surface temperature of a component and its expansion. This double acquisition is realized by a Michelson interferometer coupled with a Charge Coupled Device (CCD) line device. To validate this method, the temperature measurements were directly compared with the results obtained by an infrared camera and by a measurement of variation of I (V). The displacement measurements were compared with those obtained by a laser 3D vibrometer, whose physical principle is completely different. Consistent results were obtained regarding the different techniques
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