Macrófitas aquáticas do sistema lacustre do Vale do Rio Doce, Minas Gerais, Brasil

Resumo Esta pesquisa trata da composição e da ocorrência de espécies de macrófitas aquáticas em área de proteção ambiental e áreas não protegidas, que compõem o conjunto de lagos do Vale do Rio Doce em Minas Gerais, terceiro maior sistema lacustre brasileiro. As informações foram levantadas a partir de publicações, material depositado em herbários e coletas botânicas entre os anos de 2007 e 2010, em ambientes aquáticos localizados no Parque Estadual do Rio Doce (PERD) e zona de amortecimento. Foram registradas 184 espécies pertencentes a distintos grupos taxonômicos, hábitos e formas biológicas, sendo aqui proposta a criação de uma nova categoria destas, designada embalsada, para contemplar plantas que se estabelecem em ilhas flutuantes. A pesquisa contribuiu com 152 novas citações para o Vale do Rio Doce em Minas Gerais, com dois primeiros registros nesse estado e com a descrição de uma espécie inédita para a ciência. A similaridade florística entre áreas protegidas e não protegidas indicou que o PERD guarda 74% das espécies de macrófitas aquáticas encontradas. Entretanto, 26% do total de espécies estão desprotegidas, pois não ocorrem nessa unidade de conservação

Guild structure and species richness in an Anisoptera (Odonata) larval communnity

Larvas de Odonara são importantes componentes do sistema litoral de lagos. São consideradas generalistas de dieta e mantêm um complexo de interações, desde competição á predação das que primeiro se estabelecem sobre as que aparecem depois. Neste estudo nós determinamos a estrutura de guildas das espécies de Odonata amostradas na Lagoa Carioca. Parque Estadual do Rio Doce (PERD), MG, com base no padrão de uso de microhábitat. Apenas duas espécies foram consideradas pertencen­tes à guilda das associadas a mncróf'itas para sete associadas ao fundo. A partir de estimativas pelo método do jackknife, encontramos que a riqueza de espécies nas áreas com plantas aquáticas foi maior que nas áreas sem macrófitas.Odonata larvae are important components of the littoral systems in lakes. They are considered food generalists and interact among themselves by a complex of competition und predation of the early upon the late breeders. Here, we determine the guild structure for odonates sarnpled in Lagoa Carioca. Parque Estadual do Rio Doce (PERD), MG, based on microhabitat use. We only found two species of the macrophyte-dweller guild to seven bottom-dweller species. Using a jackknife procedure, we found that the species richness of the areas with macrophytes were higher than the areas where the macrophytes are absent

Thermoregulatory Constraints On Behavior: Patterns In A Neotropical Dragonfly Assemblage [restrições De Termoregulação Sobre O Comportamento: Padrões Em Uma Assembléia De Libélulas Tropicais]

Odonate species are classified in terms of their thermoregulatory behavior into flier and percher categories. Larger perchers could be more efficient thermoregulators in sunny sites and smaller perchers depend more on air temperature. In this paper, an analysis of the behavioral temporal budget of an odonate neotropical assemblage was performed to determine the role of body size on territorial defense and general behavioral strategies. This analysis revealed three groups based on time budget. The first and second groups contained the species that remained perched for most of the activity time, but species of the first group differ from the second group by the larger proportion of transition flights. The third group contained species which were usually observed patrolling or in reproductive activities. The larger species spent more time in patrol and territorial defense activities, while smaller species remained perched. Larger dragonflies, with better thermoregulatory abilities could spend more time in reproductive activities. The behavioral classification of fliers and perchers is considered extremely useful but could oversimplify the behavioral patterns among species that have a wide body size variation. It is proposed that a behavioral continuum associated with the body size variation in perchers could explain some patterns of species interactions in odonate communities.342155162Alcock, J., Annual variation in the mating system of the dragonfly Paltothemis lineatipes (Anisoptera: Libellulidae) (1989) J. Zool, 218, pp. 597-602Alcock, J., O'Neill, K.M., Density-dependent mating tactics in the grey haristreak, Strymon melinus (Lepidoptera: Lycaenidae) (1986) J. Zool, 209, pp. 105-113Altmann, J., Observational study of behavior: Sampling methods (1974) Behaviour, 49, pp. 227-267Banks, M.J., Regulation of damselfly populations: The effects of larval density on larval survival, development rate and size in the field (1987) Freshw. Biol, 17, pp. 357-365Bartholomew, G.A., A matter of size: An examination of endothermy in insects and terrestrial vertebrates, p. 46-78 (1981) Insect thermoregulation, p. 328. , In B. Heinrich (ed.), New York, John Wiley & SonsClausnitzer, V., Territoriality in Notiothemis robertsi Fraser (Anisoptera: Libellulidae) (1996) Odonatologica, 25, pp. 335-345A biology of dragonflies, p. 247. , Corbet, P.S. 1962. (eds.), London, WitherbyDeBano, S.J., Territoriality in the dragonfly Libellula saturata Uhler: Mutual avoidance or resource defense? (Anisoptera: Libellulidae) (1993) Odonatologica, 22, pp. 431-441de Marco, P., The Amazonian Campina dragonfly assemblage: Patterns in microhabitat use and behavior in a foraging habitat (1998) Odonatologica, 27, pp. 239-248de Marco, P., Latini, A.O., Reis, A.P., Environmental determination of dragonfly assemblage in aquaculture ponds (1999) Aquacult. Res, 30, pp. 357-364de Marco, P., Latini, A.O., Ribeiro, P.H.E., Behavioural ecology of Erythemis plebeja (Burmeister) at a small pond in Southeastern Brazil (Anisoptera: Libellulidae) (2002) Odonatologica, 31, pp. 305-312de Marco, P., Resende, D.C., Activity patterns and thermoregulation in a tropical dragonfly assemblage (2002) Odonatologica, 31, pp. 129-138Harvey, I.F., Corbet, P.S., Territorial behaviour of larvae enhances mating success of male dragonflies (1985) Anim. Behav, 33, pp. 561-565Hassan, A.T., Reproductive behaviour of Acisoma panorpoides inflatum Selys (Anisoptera: Libellulidae) (1978) Odonatologica, 7, pp. 237-245Heinrich, B., Casey, T.M., Heat transfer in dragonflies: 'Fliers' and 'perchers' (1978) J. Exp. Biol, 74, pp. 17-36Jacobs, M.E., Studies on territorialism and sexual selection in dragonflies (1955) Ecology, 36, pp. 566-586Multivariate statistical methods: A primer, p. 215. , Manly, B.F.J. 1994. (eds.), London, Chapman and HallMay, M.L., Thermoregulation in adaptation to temperature in dragonflies (Odonata: Anisoptera) (1976) Ecol. Monogr, 46, pp. 1-32May, M.L., Thermoregulation and reprodutive activity in tropical dragonflies of the genus Micrathyria (1977) Ecology, 58, pp. 787-798May, M.L., Insect thermoregulation (1979) Annu. Rev. Entomol, 24, pp. 313-349May, M.L., Temporal activity patterns of Micrathyria in Central America (Anisoptera: Libellulidae) (1980) Odonatologica, 9, pp. 57-74May, M.L., Thermal adaptations of dragonflies, revisited (1991) Adv. Odonat, 5, pp. 71-88Moore, A.J., Behavioral ecology of Libellula luctuosa (Burmeister) (Anisoptera: Libellulidae). 2. Proposed functions for territorial behaviors (1987) Odonatologica, 16, pp. 385-391Climatologia do Brasil, p. 422. , Nimer, E. 1989. (eds.), Rio de Janeiro, IBGEParr, M.J., An analysis of territoriality in libellulid dragonflies (Anisoptera: Libellulidae) (1983) Odonatologica, 12, pp. 39-57Reinhardt, K., Reproductive behaviour of Leucorrhinia albifrons (Burmeister) in a non-territorial situation (Anisoptera: Libellulidae) (1998) Odonatologica, 27, pp. 201-211Sherman, K.J., The adaptive significance of post-copulatory mate guarding in a dragonfly, Pachydiplax longipennis Bannister (Odonata: Libellulidae) (1983) Anim. 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Alien Fishes In Lakes Of The Doce River Basin (brazil): Range, New Occurrences And Conservation Of Native Communities

The present study shows the distribution of alien fish species in tropical lakes in the middle Doce river basin, southeastern Brazil, obtained from a rapid assessment program. The causes for their introductions were sport-fishing improvement in some specific lakes and aquaculture in the studied basin. Presently, these species have a wide distribution occurring in 41 of the 54 lakes studied, representing an actual threat to regional native fish community. The natural connection among lakes and streams during the rainy season and the dispersal mediated by local people are the main invasion agents for alien fishes. The success of these invaders is probably due to absence of pre-existing effective competitors or top-predators in the invaded communities. 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