Comparison of added mass coefficients for a floating tanker evaluated by conformal mapping and boundary element methods

One of the important parameters needed to model ship motions in a seaway is the added mass matrix of the hull. Current state-ofthe- art boundary element methods routinely evaluate the 6 x 6 added mass matrices as part of the radiation problem solution. These developments have largely superseded conventional approaches to sectional added mass evaluation using conformal mapping techniques. However, conformal mapping techniques are still attractive in terms of their mathematical explicitness and computational simplicity. The recurrent form of Bieberbach Method of conformal mapping was developed for mapping the exterior of a closed curve i.e. the two-dimensional ship cross section and its mirror image, into the exterior of the circle oscillating vertically at free surface and to compute the added mass coefficients. By incorporating a strip theory approximation the added mass coefficients of a three dimensional structure can be estimated from its two-dimensional section coefficients at different drafts. In this paper we have applied this method to calculate the heave, pitch and heave induced pitch added mass coefficients of a tanker. The applicability of these conformal mapping techniques to floating platforms under consideration is discussed, by comparing the results with state-of-the-art industry standard boundary element methods, AQWA and SESAM

Correlation of the expression of estrogen receptor, progesterone receptor and HER2/neu with the clinical features and the tumour histopathology in patients of breast carcinoma at mahavir cancer sansthan

Background: Breast carcinoma is the most common malignant tumor and the leading cause of cancer death in women, with more than 10,00,000 cases occurring worldwide annually. Its incidence varies from one geographical area to the other.Methods: Cases of all breast conservative surgeries and modified radical mastectomy specimen received for routine histopathological evaluation from the department of onco Surgery, Mahavir Cancer Sansthan, Patna, Bihar, form the source of data for the study.Results: Infiltrating duct cell carcinoma (NOS) type was the commonest type of carcinoma breast in our institute with significant group occurring in more than 45 years of age. ER and PR positive expression was seen in grade 2 tumors and negative expression was seen with tumor size more than 2cm, positive lymph nodes and higher stage of disease. HER2/neu negative expression was seen in the post-menopausal age group, tumor size more than 2 cm, positive lymph nodes and higher stage of disease indicating bad prognosis. HER2/neu expression was inversely related to ER and PR expression. HER2/neu expression was seen in 50% of medullary carcinoma which is rare. Triple negative cases were seen in 22.08% cases of infiltrating duct cell carcinoma indicating bad prognosis.Conclusions: A beforehand knowledge of these immunohistochemical markers can help oncotherapists to initiate a correct form of treatment and improve the survival rate in breast carcinoma patients

Development of Virtual Resistance Meters using LabVIEW

This paper presents the development of three virtual resistance meters using LabVIEW. The unknown resistance is measured in terms of a known resistance of high accuracy by employing (a) a real dc voltage source, (b) a real dc current source, and (c) a virtual dc voltage source. In each case, ratio of two voltage signals is acquired by a single-ADC based multichannel data acquisition card. Therefore error of the ADC gets cancelled, when ratio of two voltages is used in the final calculation of the value of unknown resistance. The first two VRMs use a real excitation source and are thus semi-virtual instruments, whereas the third one is fully-virtual as the excitation source is also implemented in the LabVIEW software along with DAC section of the data acquisition card. The three virtual resistance meters have been successfully implemented. The principle of ratio-metric measurement used makes the accuracy (uncertainty) of final measurement free from the uncertainties of the ADC, the DAC and the excitation source. Standard deviations of the readings taken with the three VRMs have been evaluated and compared. It is concluded that the fully-virtual instrument has the lowest and excellent value of standard deviation