Spectral emissivity of metals after damage by particle impact

The reflectance, R, solar absorption, alpha, thermal emittance epsilon, and the alpha/epsilon ratio were determined for several metals before and after bombardment by high velocity microprojectiles. Observed decreases of 1 to 26 percent in the reflectance of various metals were apparently dependent on the amount of surface area damaged as well as on the velocity of the impinging projectiles. The thermal emittance was observed to increase more than the solar absorptance, which resulted in a net decrease in the alpha/epsilon ratio in all metals investigated except stainless steel 304. In the case of stainless steel 304, alpha and epsilon were observed to increase equally, resulting in an alpha/epsilon ratio apparently insensitive to microprojectile bombardment. Recommendations for the continuation of these investigations are outlined

Statistical Thermodynamics

Contains research objectives and reports on one research project.U. S. Air Force (Office of Scientific Research, Air Research and Development Command) under Contract AF49(638)-9

Early occipital sensitivity to syntactic category is based on form typicality

Syntactic factors can rapidly affect behavioral and neural responses during language processing; however, the mechanisms that allow this rapid extraction of syntactically relevant information remain poorly understood. We addressed this issue using magnetoencephalography and found that an unexpected word category (e.g., “The recently princess . . . ”) elicits enhanced activity in visual cortex as early as 120 ms after exposure, and that this activity occurs as a function of the compatibility of a word’s form with the form properties associated with a predicted word category. Because no sensitivity to linguistic factors has been previously reported for words in isolation at this stage of visual analysis, we propose that predictions about upcoming syntactic categories are translated into form-based estimates, which are made available to sensory cortices. This finding may be a key component to elucidating the mechanisms that allow the extreme rapidity and efficiency of language comprehension

Tropospheric ozone concentrations - Seasonal and daily analysis and its association with NO and NO2 as a function of NOx in Ciuc depression – Romania

This paper summarizes the results of a yearlong continuous measurements of gaseous pollutants, NO, NO2, NOxand O3 in the ambient air of Ciuc Depression. Measured concentration of the pollutants in study area is a function of time. NO, NO2 and O3 peak occurred in succession in presence of sunlight. At the time of maximum O3 concentration most of the NOx are utilized. The diurnal cycle of ground level ozone concentrations, revealed mid-day peak with lower nocturnal concentrations and inverse relationship exists between O3 and NOx, which are evidences of photochemical O3 formation. Particular emphasis is placed on establishing how the level of 'oxidant', OX (taken to be the sum of O3 and NO2) varies with the level of NOx, and therefore to gain some insight into the atmospheric sources of OX. The analyses indicate that the level of OX at a given location is made up of NOx- independent and NOx- dependent contributions. The former is effectively a regional contribution which equates to the regional background O3 level, whereas the latter is effectively a local contribution which correlates with the level of primary pollution. Increased values can be also observed for more periods of the year; this fact for the depressional case of Ciuc are due to the particular case represent by stable boundary layer conditions (high static stability conditions in term of Brunt - Vaisala frequency) which are long known for causing increasing concentration of pollutant concentrations